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Throughout history, many beautiful fountains have been engineered and built. These structures have a rich history and serve many different functions. This exhibit will explore the visual and practical features of a wide variety of fountains.

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The Neptune Fountain is located at the Palace of Versailles. It was built for Louis XIV between 1679 and 1682 and André le Nôtre supervised the construction. This fountain features 99 water jets. The mechanics behind this piece are impressive for the time. The Neptune Fountain is for aesthetic purposes.

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The Trevi Fountain is a Baroque style fountain located in Rome. It was built in 1762. Nicola Salvi started work on the structure but it was finished by  Giuseppe Pannini. This fountain features sculptures by Pietro Bracci that create a scene about Oceanus. Now, the Trevi fountain is purely decorative and the water in the basin is not potable. However, barrels of water used to be taken from the fountain and brought to the Vatican because of how good the water was.

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The Organ Fountain is located at the Villa d'Este in Tivoli. As water runs through this fountain, musical sounds are created. It is an incredibly unique structure that is used for not only visual entertainment, but auditory entertainment as well.

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The Artichoke Fountain is located at the Boboli Gardens in Florence. This fountain was installed around 1641. Giovan Francesco Susini and his team created this structure for Ferdinando II, the Grand Duke of Tuscany. It features an octagonal basin decorated with many statues of Cupid. The Boboli Gardens do not have a natural water supply. Therefore, the water for the Artichoke Fountain is supplied by the Acqua Ferdinanda. The Artichoke Fountain was purely decorative.

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The Pegasus Fountain resides in Bagnaia at the Villa Lante. The legend of the pegasus striking the ground with its hoof created the Spring of Hippocrene. This symbolized art and creativity. Surrounding the pegasus are busts of the nine famous Greek muses. The Pegasus fountain is for visual and symbolic purposes. It is a stunning addition to the villa.

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The Fountain at the River Gods is also located at the Villa Lante in Bagnaia. It stands on a  catena d’acqua (water chain) that makes the water swirl and move. Water flows from basin to basin. The sculptures symbolize both the Tiber and Arno rivers. The statues of the River Gods are accompanied with cornucopias that represent fertility. The fountain embodies the idea of water bring sacred because it allows crops and life to grow. This fountain is also for symbolic and aesthetic purposes.

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The National WWII Memorial is located in Washington, DC. The water in the center is referred to as the Rainbow Pool. It features a shallow pool with decorative jets that form a circle. This fountain has a different function than most. It is a quiet place of reflection in memory of all those who have died in WWII. Unlike many other fountains which are solely decorative or practical, the Rainbow Pool holds a deeper meaning.

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The Alumni Plaza is located right here on our campus in Kutztown, PA.The Alumni Plaza has several different functions on campus. In addition to its beauty, the plaza also serves as a place to remember alumni through inscribed bricks. It also features 'the rocks that speak’, or movable rocks students can use to spread messages. The Alumni Plaza creates a sense of community and is a space for students to enjoy themselves in.

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“Alumni Plaza.” Kutztown University. Accessed April 27, 2021. https://www.kutztown.edu/about-ku/our-campus/maps/alumni-plaza.html.

“The Artichoke Fountain in the Boboli Gardens: Artworks: Uffizi Galleries.” The Artichoke Fountain in the Boboli Gardens | Artworks | Uffizi Galleries. Accessed April 27, 2021. https://www.uffizi.it/en/artworks/artichoke-fountain#:~:text=The%20Artichoke%20Fountain%20was%20begun,Duke%20of%20Tuscany%2C%20Ferdinando%20II.

“Boboli Gardens.” Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. Accessed April 27, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/place/Boboli-Gardens.

“The Fountains.” Palace of Versailles, February 19, 2021. https://en.chateauversailles.fr/discover/estate/gardens/fountains#neptune-fountain.

Lemmin-Woolfrey, Ulrike. “The Mechanical Wonder That Powered Versailles's Fountains.” Travel. National Geographic, February 10, 2021. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/the-mechanical-wonder-that-powered-versailles-fountains.

Memorial Design. Accessed April 27, 2021. https://www.wwiimemorial.com/archives/factsheets/memorialdesign.htm.

“Place Travels.” Villa Lante | Foundation for Landscape Studies. Accessed April 27, 2021. https://www.foundationforlandscapestudies.org/place_travels/villa_lante.php.

“Trevi Fountain - The Most Beautiful Fountain in Rome.” Rome by CIVITATIS. Accessed April 27, 2021. https://www.rome.net/trevi-fountain.

“Trevi Fountain.” Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopedia Britannica, inc. Accessed April 27, 2021. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Trevi-Fountain.

“Villa D'Este: A Triumph of the Baroque.” Italian Tourism Official Website, March 23, 2015. http://www.italia.it/en/travel-ideas/unesco-world-heritage-sites/villa-deste-a-triumph-of-the-baroque.html.

“Villa D'Este: The Organ Fountain.” CurateND. Accessed April 27, 2021. https://curate.nd.edu/show/ks65h992n58.

“Visiting the National World War II Memorial in Washington, DC: Washington DC.” Visiting the National World War II Memorial in DC | Washington DC. Accessed April 27, 2021. https://washington.org/DC-guide-to/national-world-war-ii-memoria