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Range of an application determines how well the application can be used depending on the area you're currently in. For example, if you're in a low signal area, you may not be able to contact anyone by ringing them, you may only have enough signal to send a text message.

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Security affects the development process because the app needs to
be approved by the security department. Usability and security need to be
balanced before the release of the app. Security is important because most app
hold some sort of personal information about its user.

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Range can be a problem as if you aren’t in an area with Wi-Fi, you have no way of accessing the internet. But if you were on the internet and lost connection, apps like Facebook and Twitter store that info inside a cache so you can still read the posts. But, it does not allow you to make posts or refresh as it will not work.

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Hazards

Ensure that the application is
tested thoroughly because if the application is no tested and then just
uploaded to the app store then for example if it was a GPS system it could take
you in the complete opposite direction to wear you want to go or it could take
you down a one way street or even lead to further accidents.

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Range Limitations when developing an application include the
Wi-Fi connection being used by the application will be fine, but when you
remove that Wi-Fi connection you could encounter problems in the form that the
app will no longer work without the use of Wi-Fi, low signal/No Service or any
internet connection at all.

Bandwidth limitations include the network space being taken
up by an app or many different apps being used at the same time, meaning that
the network and/or internet connection strength will be severely hampered and
may not be as good as it was before the apps were being used.

Security within an application could include User data
protection, passwords and encryption of data meaning it is safe and secure for
users to use.

Hazards for applications include people using the
application inside their vehicles and not paying attention to the road, other
hazards include when a vehicle is not able to support the application that is
communicating via Bluetooth and could cause errors meaning the application is
unable to work.

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Hazards- this is an application for a car when two vehicles
can communicate to one another. The limitation of this is that older cars will
not be able to do this because they have not been fitted with this technology
and will therefore be undetectable to the car with that technology. Another limitation
is that this application may distract the driver even though the app is trying
to protect the driver; this would make it counter-productive.

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When developing an application you want to make sure it is going be capable of running on as many devices as possible, so taking into account the amount of resources available on the device is suitable to your application. An example of this would be Angry Birds. For as many devices to run this game as possible, the developers "Rovio" included a quality option, so low-end devices will be able to turn the quality down to make the game more manageable.

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An example of an app which requires a signal would be twitter, as you cannot access your timeline without a connection to the internet. If you have already loaded your timeline but then lose your signal, you can still view what you previously loaded because the phone caches the loaded data.

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Threat Moddling is used in development of apps to find potential vulnerabilities and identifying area that need the best level of security.

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Security

There is basic security you can use to stop people seeing private data and they have varying levels of effectiveness there are passwords these can be basic 4 digit codes such as the ones used in phones or long pattern based passwords commonly used in android phones. These are first line defence against thieves or even family and friends who want to see your personal data or gain access to your devices.

Encryption

There are three types of encryption to secure your data and many applications allow encryption or come with encryption to protect user’s data.

Hashing

The first type of encryption is called hashing. Hash is unique to a specific message so someone trying to tamper with it would alert the user to tampering as they would receive a completely different message.

Symmetric encryption

This type of encryption involves ciphers and is one of the oldest methods of encryption it requires a private key to let you know what the message is.

Asymmetric encryption

This is very similar to symmetric encryption but requires a second key that is public and the cypher requires both keys to be read this increases security and fixes a weakness with the symmetric encryption method because the private key is more secure.

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These can be looking at a screen while driving to change a song or a GPS app taking you the wrong way down a busy road so applications have to be tested to make sure they are safe for public use.

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Hazards are dangers which need to be considered when developing a program. An example of an app which considers hazards, such as using the phone while driving, would be Google maps. It helps drivers by speaking the directions out loud, as well as showing them on the screen, this means the driver won’t be distracted by constantly looking at their phone as they can just listen to the voice giving directions instead.

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A hazard is something or someone that can cause problems or severe damage. Common hazards include hackers, viruses and phone usage in cars. Some apps have been designed to protect your device from hackers and viruses such as Cleanmaster Security while other apps have been adapted to have voice recognition software such as Google Maps, making them safer to use while driving.

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Some devices may not be able to run the program smoothly or at all.

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lots of common streaming applications like Spotify, Youtube, Netflix and Pandora change the quality of their services to suit bandwidth connection. e.g. Youtube has 6 different options for quality ranging from 240p to 1080p

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This means the rate of available or consumed information capacity. An example of an application that uses bandwidth would be YouTube, this app manages bandwidth capacity by lowering the quality of a video a user is trying to stream so they can load it faster. A limitation of this would be that if the user has no connection, they can't watch anything.

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This very important if you want documents and emails to stay private by using passwords and encryption to keep unwanted intruders out.

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In applications that may contain critical personal information, security is a must. You can apply different kinds of security when making an application, for example, a banking app with all of your card details on may use 2 different security measures before allowing you to access your bank. Another would be a social networking site, where you use a personal username and password.

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This impacts the rate of data transfer and can cause problems if the bandwidth is too small for applications to be used to their full effect

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this depends on the type of network used the area it will be used in and the type of data being transfered.