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Size: 4,220 miles (6,792km) across

Year: 687 Earth days

Spin: 24.6 hours

Temperature:-166-32°F (-110-0°C)

Gravity: 0.37 times Earth’s

Satellites/moons: two

141.6 million miles (227.9 million km) from the sun

Named after the Roman god of war

Iron minerals give mars its reddish inflamed look

Monns: Phobos and Deimos

Top sight: Olympus Mons volcano

Once a delightful planet with water flowing over rocky surface, but these days, mars is a chilly, hard-bitten world of dead volcanoes and dry rift valleys

Dust devils and tornadoes swirl across the landscape, but because mars atmosphere is now very thin, there is little strength to them

½ the size of earth

Dried riverbeds and polar caps of dry ice are the only traces of mars's suppressed youth

There are still no signs of martians, despite probing

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Six-wheeled robotic twins named Spirit and Opportunity.

Solar-powered duo that poke their noses into Mars's soil

They have asteroids named in honor of their work

Weight: 385 lbs. (180kg) each

Height: 4.9 ft. (1.5m)

Top speed: 2 in. (50mm)/s

Fun Fact: A 9 year old Russian girl named Sofi Collis Choose their names

They have cameras, magnets for collecting dust particles, and high-tech scientific equipment for analyzing Mars's rocks and minerals

Arrived in 2004, on opposite sides of the planet

Becoming one of NASA’s biggest success stories

There’s no one who can repair the Rovers if something goes wrong

So if anything damages their solar panels, which power them, then  it’s game over

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Mariner 3,                            Launch: Nov. 5, 1964

Mariner 4,                            Launch: Nov. 28, 1964

Mariner 6,                                Launch: Feb. 24, 1969

Mariner 7,                              Launch: Mar. 27, 1969

Mariner 8,                             Launch: May 8, 1971

Mariner 9,                                  Launch: May 30, 1971;     Arrival: Nov. 13, 1971

Viking 1, Launch: Aug. 20, 1975; Arrival: Jun. 19, 1976

Viking 2, Launch: Sept. 9, 1975; Arrival: Aug. 7, 1976

Mars Observer, Launch: Sept. 25, 1992

Mars Pathfinder, Launch: Dec. 4, 1996

Mars Climate Orbiter, Launch: Dec. 11, 1998

Mars Polar Lander/Deep Space 2, Launch: Jan. 3, 1999

Mars Global Surveyor, Launch: Nov. 7, 1996; Arrival: Sept. 12, 1997

Phoenix, Launch: Aug. 4, 2007; Arrival: May 25, 2008

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Mars is rich with resources that could be vital to supporting astronauts in living on mars for a long time

Instead of launching resources such as water and materials to build a living space on mars

This  could be much more cost effective than sending automated robots to get resources from the Mars’s surface and atmosphere in preparation for the arrival of humans.

NASA wants to send humans to the mars by 2030, and SpaceX wants to get there even sooner, with plans to have people there by 2024.

The atmosphere of Mars is mostly carbon dioxide, and the surface of the planet is too cold to support human life

The planet’s gravity is 38% of Earth’s. Plus,

The atmosphere on Mars is equivalent to about 1% of the Earth’s atmosphere at sea level. That makes getting to the surface tricky.

When Earth and Mars are closest to each other, the trip will take a mere 260 days.

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1. Bennett, Jay. “Almost Everything We Need to Live on Mars Is Already There.” Popular Mechanics, 3 Oct. 2016, www.popularmechanics.com/space/moon-mars/a21330/nasa-wants-martian-resources-for-martian-colony/.

2. Greicius, Tony. “Mars Exploration Past Missions.” NASA, NASA, 13 Mar. 2015, www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mars/missions/index-past.html.

3. Megan Ray Nichols  |
Published: Wednesday, May 3, 2017. “If We Successfully Land on Mars, Could We Live There?” Astronomy.com, www.astronomy.com/news/2017/05/could-we-live-on-mars.

4. Basher, Simon. Astronomy: Out of This World! Kingfisher Publications, Plc, 2010