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history.com
google.com
wikipedia.com(only a few)

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1. The treaty of paris of 1783 ended the war of independence and granted the thirteen colonies political freedom. A preliminary treaty between Great Britain and the United States had been signed in 1782, but the final agreement was not signed until September 3, 1783.
2. Peace negotiations began in Paris, France, in April 1782. The U.S. delegation included Benjamin Franklin, john Adams, john jay, and Henry Laurens, while the British were represented by Richard Oswald and Henry Strachey. The negotiators concluded the preliminary treaty on November 30, 1782, but the agreement was not effective until Great Britain concluded treaties with France and Spain concerning foreign colonies.
3. In the final agreement, the British recognized the independence of the United States. The treaty established generous boundaries for the United States; U.S. territory now extended from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River in the west, and from the Great Lakes and Canada in the north to the 31st parallel in the south. The U.S. fishing fleet was guaranteed access to the fisheries off the coast of Newfoundland with their plentiful supply of cod.

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1. The battle pitted General George Washington, aided by French General de Rochambeau, against British General Lord Cornwallis.

2. The Americans had a fighting force of approximately 8,800 who were aided by 7,800 French soldiers against a British force of about 6,000.

3. The defeat of the British at Yorktown prompted the British government to negotiate an end to the American Revolution and give the colonist their freedom.

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1.  King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763, on October 7th, reserving the lands west of the Appalachians for the native inhabitants and forbidding colonists from settling in the area.
2. The Proclamation of 1763 created four new territories that were open to settlement: Quebec, East Florida, West Florida, and Grenada.
3.  Groups who opposed the Proclamation of 1763 included, colonists who fought in the French and Indian War, colonies whose charters granted them land from sea to sea, colonists who were eager to settle the Ohio Country, land speculators in the colonies and in Britain who hoped to profit from the sale of Indian lands.

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1. By the time the Second Continental Congress convened the Battles of Lexington and Concord had already occurred in April, marking the beginning of the American Revolutionary War.
2. Many of the same delegates that attended the First Continental Congress attended the Second Continental Congress. New delegates included John Hancock and Benjamin Franklin. Thomas Jefferson would replace Peyton Randolph after the first few weeks.
3. A final attempt at reconciliation was sent to Great Britain, to the King of England, on July 8th, 1775. It was called the Olive Branch Petition. The petition was rejected.

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1. The first accomplishment of the First Continental Congress was a compact to boycott British goods, agreed to by the colonies. It was also agreed that if the acts were not repealed the colonies would cease to export to Britain as of September 10th, 1775.
2. The second accomplishment of the First Continental Congress was to ensure that a Second Continental Congress would take place on May 10th, 1775.
3. The Congress had been called for in response to the Intolerable Acts (also known as the Coercive Acts). Twelve of the 13 colonies were represented by 56 delegates. Georgia is the only colony that did not participate.

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1. British General John Burgoyne achieved a small, but costly victory over American forces led by Horatio Gates and Benedict Arnold.
2. Though his troop strength had been weakened, Burgoyne again attacked the Americans at Bemis Heights , but this time was defeated and forced to retreat.
3. He surrendered ten days later, and the American victory convinced the French government to formally recognize the colonist’s cause and enter the war as their ally.

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1.Once the Declaration of Independence had been written and signed, printer John Dunlap was asked to make about 200 copies to be distributed throughout the colonies. Today, the “Dunlap Broadsides” are extremely rare and valuable. In 1989, someone discovered a previously unknown Dunlap Broadside. It was sold for over $8 million in 2000. There are only 26 known surviving Dunlap Broadsides today.
2.Jefferson was quite unhappy about some of the edits made to his original draft of the Declaration of Independence. He had originally included language condemning the British promotion of the slave trade (even though Jefferson himself was a slave owner). This criticism of the slave trade was removed in spite of Jefferson’s objections.
3.The only signer of the Declaration of Independence to survive beyond the 50th anniversary of the signing was Charles Carroll of Maryland. Carroll died in 1832 when he was 95 years old.

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1. Approximately seven hundred redcoats arrived at Lexington where they were met by around seventy seven armed colonists on the town green.
2. Upon reaching Concord the Redcoats searched the town finding very few arms. They burned what few arms they did find(colonist had already moved them to a safer place)
3.The British march back to Boston which covered approximately 18 miles turned into a retreat as more and more militiamen (~3,500) joined the conflict. Shooting at the British soldiers from behind trees and rocks and whatever cover they could find they inflicted significant damage on the troops.

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1. After many failures in his career Thomas Paine went on to write Common Sense, published in 1776 and the first writing of its kind to use simple language that the colonists could easily understand. Common Sense is credited with convincing the masses to break away from British rule—and therefore, inspiring the American Revolution.
2. Despite his major contributions to the American Revolution and society as a whole, Thomas Paine died alone on June 8, 1809 in New York City. Only 6 people showed up to his funeral, and half of them were former slaves.
3. George Washington used Paine’s words to rally troops. He said, “These are the times that try men’s souls. Tyranny, like Hell, is not easily conquered; yet we have this consolation with us, that the harder the conflict, the more glorious the triumph.”

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1. Franklin was among the last of the founding fathers to come out in favor of full separation from Britain. Having lived in London for several years and held royal appointments, he instead pushed for peaceful compromise and the preservation of the empire.
2. Along with the two children he had with his wife, Deborah Read, Franklin also fathered an illegitimate son named William around 1730. The two were once close friends and partners—William helped Franklin with his famous kite experiment—but they later had a major falling out over the American Revolution. While Franklin joined in calling for independence from the mother country, William remained a staunch Tory who branded the patriots “intemperate zealots” and refused to resign his post as the royal governor of New Jersey.
3. Franklin is the only founding father that signed all four key documents that led to the formation of the United States. These include the Declaration of Independence, the Treaty of Alliance with France, the peace treaty with Great Britain in 1783 and the United States Constitution.

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1.  Colonists all over America were outraged by the acts and Jefferson wrote a set of resolutions condemning the Boston Tea Party.
2. At age 33, he was one of the youngest delegates to the Second Continental Congress beginning in 1775 at the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, where a formal declaration of independence from Britain was overwhelmingly favored.
3. Jefferson and James Madison organized theDemocratic-Republican Party to oppose the Federalist Party during the formation of the First Party System. With Madison, he anonymously wrote the controversial Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions in 1798–1799, which sought to embolden states' rights in opposition to the national government by nullifying the Alien and Sedition Acts.

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1. He was an American merchant, statesman, and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution. He served as president of the Second Continental Congress and was the first and third Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
2. With his wealth and social standing, Hancock should have been a leading member of an elite group that didn’t want independence. Instead, he sympathized with people like John and Samuel Adams, who were patriots.
3. Hancock also had a role in the Boston Tea Party incident. While Hancock wasn’t on a ship tossing tea overboard, he was at meetings when outrage was vented at the British. He riled up the crowd with a famous statement: "Let every man do what is right in his own eyes.”

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1. Although Adams joined with the Sons of Liberty in objecting to what he believed was unfair taxation by the British government, the principled attorney believed in the primacy of the rule of law. After the killing of five colonists in the March 1770 Boston Massacre, Adams volunteered to represent the nine British soldiers charged with manslaughter to ensure they received a fair trial.
2. Adams drafted the Massachusetts Constitution, which was approved by voters in 1780 and is still in effect today.
3. He was opposed to slavery and had never owned a slave in his life, he did not support the abolitionist movement—he thought it was dangerous and potentially destabilizing.

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1. Paul Revere’s father, Apollos Rivoire, was a French Huguenot who immigrated to Boston at age 13 and Anglicized his family name before marrying a local girl named Deborah Hitchbourn. Born around 1734 and one of 11 or 12 children, Paul never learned to read or speak French, though he did fight against Apollos’ former compatriots during the French and Indian War.
2. According to the Central Intelligence Agency, Paul Revere founded the first patriot intelligence network on record, a Boston-based group known as the “mechanics.”
3. Not only is it unlikely Revere owned a horse at the time, but he would not have been able to transport it out of Boston across the Charles River. It is believed that the Charlestown merchant John Larkin loaned him a horse, which was later confiscated by the British. According to a Larkin family genealogy published in 1930, the name of the lost mare was Brown Beauty.

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1. It was not called the “The Boston Massacre” until many years after it occurred in 1773. The first popular name popularized by Paul Revere was The Bloody Massacre in King Street. In the early 1800's it was also called the State Street Massacre.
2. The British soldiers were told not to fire, but when one soldier fired, the rest followed.
3. Although not many people died, it was still called a massacre to rally people for the patriotic cause.

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1. It was a modified version of a previous act that was about to expire.
2. The act reduced the charge by half compared to the one before it, due to the fact that it was being evaded.
3. The purpose of lowering the tax on molasses was to induce importers to buy molasses from British colonies instead of smuggling it from competing French and Spanish colonies. The Sugar act also increased enforcement of smuggling laws.

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1. It granted the British East India Company Tea a monopoly on tea sales in the American colonies.
2. This was the primary reason that the Boston Tea Party happened.
3. The Tea Act was the final straw in a series of unpopular policies and taxes imposed by Britain on her American colonies.

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1. It was a tax imposed on every piece of paper that they used- it was relatively small, but colonists believed it would leave a door open for more troublesome taxes in the future if they allowed it.
2. Ship's papers, legal documents, licenses, newspapers, other publications, and even playing cards were taxed
3. The money collected by the Stamp Act was to be used to help pay the costs of defending and protecting the American frontier near the Appalachian Mountains

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1. He went insane before his death, and many believe it was due to the many losses and constant warring, of which the Revolutionary wars and loss of the American colonies contributed to.
2. Most of the grievances sent to the king were tossed aside, most were not even read.
3. Even though the American colonies declared themselves free in 1776, the king continued warring until the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783.

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Boston Tea Party
1. George Washington condemned the Boston Tea Party.
Although America’s foremost Revolutionary figure wrote in June 1774 that “the cause of Boston…ever will be considered as the cause of America,” he strongly voiced his disapproval of “their conduct in destroying the Tea.”
2.Three months after the Boston Tea Party, Bostonians once again sent tea splashing when 60 disguised men boarded the Fortune in March 1774, forced the crew below deck and dumped tea chests into the harbor. The sequel wasn’t quite as impressive as the original, however, as only 30 chests were sent overboard.
3.The band of protesters was tight-lipped. Even after American independence, they refused to reveal their identities, fearing they could still face civil and criminal charges as well as condemnation from elites for engaging in mob behavior and the wanton destruction of private property. Even today, only the names of some of the participants are known.

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French and Indian War
1. Although this war provided Great Britain with massive territorial gains in North America, the debt and following taxes lead to the start of the Revolution.
2. Also referred to as the Seven Years war, it  began in 1754 and ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763.
3.  Although this is named the French and Indian war, it is fought between the British and the French. This misleading name can confuse some people.

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General George Washington
1.American politician and soldier who served as the first President of the United States from 1789 to 1797 and was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.
2. George Washington did not have a middle name.
3. Washington signed into law the first copyright law- On May 31, 1790, President Washington signed the Copyright act of 1790 into law.

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Lord Cornwallis
1. He participated in the New York campaign and in the occupation of New Jersey.His failure to catch George Washington at this time and later before the Battle of Princeton led to some criticism by Sir Henry Clinton and a feeling that Cornwallis was too cocksure.
2. In 1778 Cornwallis commanded one of the forces in the Battle of Monmouth during Clinton's retreat from Philadelphia. For much of the succeeding year he was in England attending to his dying wife.
3. When he was defeated and surrendered, he did not even show up to the public ceremonies.