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How Can We Connect School Life to Real Life

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How Can We Connect School Life to Real Life

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by Mindshift KQED

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Our students are capable of doing authentic work that adds to the abundance in ways that can make the world a better, richer place.

But what if we got a little crazy and added some technology into the mix? We could tell our kids, "You know, in addition to taking that test on the Vietnam War, we want you to go and interview some veterans, then collect those stories into a series of podcasts that people all over the world could listen to and learn from."

Or, rather than having our students do that science lab write-up on the tadpoles in the pond behind their school, what if we rounded up a bunch of schools with ponds and tadpoles from all over the world, and then we all shared our data and observations with each other, analyzing how the differences in climate and geography affected native habitats? What if then published this global analysis online?

Or, instead of reading scenes from Romeo and Juliet to one another in the classroom, students could put on an interpretive performance, one we then broadcast through a password-protected live stream to parents and aunts and uncles and friends online, posting it also as a video on YouTube. Maybe we could even run a competition with other schools to see who could come up with the most profound or creative way of bringing the themes of Shakespeare into the modern world.

I don't know about you, but as a parent, I'd much rather see this kind of work than the paper that comes home in the Friday Folder (or the Friday backpack). I'd rather know that my kids were creating something of meaning, value, and I hope, beauty for people other than just their teachers, and that those creations had the opportunity to live in the world. That they were thinking hard about audience. That they were learning how to network and collaborate with others. That they were developing "proficiency with the tools of technology," learning to "design and share information for global communities to meet a variety of purposes," and becoming literate in the process.

Real work for real audiences is, of course, hard to find in the current standardized testing regime. How do you evaluate the San Diego Bay book project using a short-answer test? To assess this kind of work, teachers could co-create rubrics with students that identify what their work should address and what quality looks like. In this chapter's examples, assessment might mean collecting targeted feedback from whatever audience might be watching that Romeo and Juliet performance or listening to those Vietnam veteran podcasts.

And, importantly, it might mean having students engage in some deep self-assessment on their process and product, an experience that would certainly prepare them to be better learners when they leave us. Our students are capable of doing authentic work that adds to the abundance in ways that can make the world a better, richer place.

Why wouldn't we want to know they could do that?

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How We Can Connect School Life to Real Life

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Our students are capable of doing authentic work that adds to the abundance in ways that can make the world a better, richer place. But what if we got a little crazy and added some technology into the mix?

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Connecting Learning to the Real World with Hands-0n-Activities

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Connecting Learning to the Real World with Hands-0n-Activities

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RAFT Project (check out the links to lessons)

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Critical Thinking in the Elementary Classroom

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Critical Thinking in the Elementary Classroom

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Edutopia

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What DI Is and Isn't

Many teachers feel overwhelmed if you mention the words "differentiated instruction." In fact, I was one of those teachers. However, I have since learned that DI is not:

Creating an individual plan for each of my students

Keeping students in stagnant groups based on data from the beginning of the year

Teaching only the lower-level students and letting the higher-level students teach themselves

Instead, as stated in an ASCD infographic, differentiated instruction is when:

Students can be in groups based on skills, interests, readiness, or by choice

There is a "purposeful use of flexible grouping" while keeping the lesson's goals in mind

Teachers are "teaching up" and holding students to high standards

Over the last three years, I have found DI easier with the use of technology. Can a teacher just put a student on a computer or tablet and walk away? No. As Michael Petrilli said in EducationNext (Winter 2011), "With the advent of powerful online learning tools. . . students might be able to receive instruction that's truly individualized to their own needs -- differentiation on steroids." Technology has opened the doors for teachers to provide DI without feeling overwhelmed.

Differentiation Through Technology

When searching for technology that promotes differentiated instruction, you should look for how standards correlate, the availability of formative assessments, and options of different skill levels on the same content. Here are three educational technologies that enhance DI in the classroom:

1. SAS Curriculum Pathways

SAS Curriculum Pathways is a free online resource that provides interactive lessons, videos, audio tutorials, and apps for English language arts, mathematics, science, social studies, and Spanish. Teachers browse through the resources using state standards, a keyword, a subject category, or a level. The various interactive resources let students learn, practice skills, and have formative assessments to email, print, or save. This information helps teachers continue to group students based on their needs.

As an ELA teacher, I always needed an extra hand when giving individual feedback to students' essays. SAS Curriculum Pathways' WritingNavigator series allows students to focus on their specific needs. Students have choices throughout the writing process, and teachers can differentiate by giving students a list of basic or higher-level revision elements from which they can select. There is a wide array of choices that focus students on clarity, power, variety, and economy, including wordiness, passive voice, fragments, prepositional phrases, verbs, pronouns, and modifiers. The resource highlights where each chosen element is found within the essay for analysis. If a student needs more assistance, there are examples and descriptions for each element.

2. Newsela

Newsela allows students to read the same current events content, but it is differentiated to fit the needs of the specific student. Teachers assign or students choose articles by topic, reading standard, or lexile level. For each article, students select from five different lexile levels, ranging from grades 3-12. Some articles also have a four-question quiz providing feedback on correlating reading standards.

If you have the Newsela Pro version (they offer a free trial), you can assign articles to students' online binder. Students can highlight selections or answer teacher-created questions within the article. All quiz scores, highlighted information, and written responses are saved in the teacher's online binder to review and make adjustments as needed. This allows for flexible grouping, either by topic, reading skill, or lexile level.

3. EDpuzzle

One benefit of flipped classrooms is having more class time available for differentiated student-centered learning. Although EDpuzzle requires more steps from the teacher compared to the previous resources, I still encourage you to check this one out. Teachers start by uploading a video from another site or one that they created. In EDpuzzle, teachers can crop the video, insert an audio message, record their voice over the entire video, prevent students from fast-forwarding, and embed different types of quiz questions throughout. Then teachers assign students to watch the videos with the appropriate questions or notes. As students watch them and answer questions, the teacher can see how far they watched, how many times they watched a section, and their answers to the questions. This quickly lets teachers know which students completed the flipped classroom lesson, which ones have shown mastery and can move on, and which ones need to spend more time on the concept.

Although students enjoy using technology, a lot of students become even more engaged when they can create. EDpuzzle also allows students to upload a video and show their own learning to share with their teacher or classmates.

Learning From Where They Are

DI may feel overwhelming, but there are technology tools available to help teachers keep students engaged while matching instruction with students' instructional level. We need to allow them the opportunity to learn from where they actually are and not where the textbook or curriculum says they need to be. Differentiated Instruction will allow students to feel successful and empower them to become lifelong learners.

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Enhancing Learning Through Differentiated Technology | Edutopia

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Many teachers feel overwhelmed if you mention the words "differentiated instruction." In fact, I was one of those teachers.

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Strategies to Engage Students with Learning Disabilities

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Strategies to Engage Students with Learning Disabilities

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Do2Learn Website

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picture exchange communication system cards

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Do2Learn: Educational Resources for Special Needs

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picture communication cards, songs, games and learning activities for autism, aspergers, fetal alcohol syndrome and disabilities

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Strategies for Increasing Student Engagement: Primary School

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Strategies for Increasing Student Engagement: Primary School

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Minneapolis Public Schools Special Education and Teaching

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Strategies for Increasing Student Engagement on Vimeo

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K-8 educators from across the country give you a peek at their classrooms-and explain how they managed the transformations.

Courtesy of Ashley Rice Broomfield

In March, with the end of the school year rounding into view, we asked our Facebook community to show us their flexible seating arrangements. Photos and comments poured in from hundreds of teachers across the country. We sifted through the submissions, identified educators with outstanding flexible classrooms from kindergarten through eighth grade, and asked for tips, classroom features, and plenty of visuals. We feature seven of those classrooms below.

A few clear trends emerged. While many K-8 teachers in our Facebook discussion expressed doubt that flexible seating would work in their small classrooms, our respondents were making flexible seating work in classrooms as small as 432 square feet. The number of students in these flexible classrooms ranged from 12 to over 50 (in a music class), with most teachers reporting head counts in the 20s.

Funding came from a wide variety of sources; most teachers mixed friend and family requests with visits to garage sales and thrift shops, low-price retailers like Walmart and Amazon, and online crowdfunding campaigns on sites like DonorsChoose. Low-cost seating options like rugs, crates, and yoga balls with braces were ubiquitous in the classrooms we reviewed.

Almost all of our K-8 teachers have dropped seating charts but devote time to modeling appropriate behaviors in their new classrooms. Many require that all students try each seating option several times; it's critical for students to understand the full range of learning modalities that flexible seating supports. Several teachers use seating contracts to formalize the expectations- you can see a typical contract here.

We've organized our classrooms sequentially, from kindergarten to eighth grade. For examples of flexible seating in high school, see " High School Flexible Seating Done Right."

Benita Kay Moyers

Grade: Kindergarten Inclusion
School: Mount Carmel Elementary, Huntsville, Alabama
Students/Room Dimensions: 18-19 students; room is 750 square feet, about 30 feet by 25 feet

Setting It Up: The furniture includes chairs from Scholastic Book Club points, balance ball seats with support legs and small plastic chairs from Amazon, eight crate seats, some scoop rockers and wooden stools, and six standard student chairs that I plan to change out for stackable stools soon. I also have four small teardrop-shaped tables from Hobby Lobby. I am piloting multisensory cursive handwriting in kindergarten for the Madison County School System, so all of the students also have plastic desk trays from Hobby Lobby to give them a solid writing surface when we are at the carpet during cursive time.

Tips: I don't have a particular system for choosing seats; students pick a seat in the morning and it's theirs for the day. I modeled explicitly how each type of chair could be used at the beginning of the year. We reviewed the rules, expectations, and consequences multiple times to ensure the students understood them. Clear expectations are a must.

Ashley Rice Broomfield

Grade: First Grade
School: Friendship Christian School, Lebanon, Tennessee
Students/Room Dimensions: 12-15 students; room is 432 square feet, about 24 feet by 18 feet

Setting It Up: I've included a lot of different options for my students. I have three round tables of different heights, with seating that ranges from simple mats to wobble stools. I also have a couch, a few rockers and stools, and several rugs where children can sprawl and work using clipboards. How did I fund it? I purchased floor mats and rockers at Walmart, funded some of my furniture using Scholastic Book Club points, acquired a few things at garage sales, and was given the couch and the chevron rug by a former parent. The last school year was my 13th year teaching, and my first with flexible seating. It made a huge difference.

Tips: My students take more responsibility and are more engaged with their assignments because they feel a sense of pride and comfort working in "their" area. At the beginning of the year, I had each student try out all the different spots to see which ones they liked the best. A lot of people worry about managing the spots fairly, but it wasn't an issue in my classroom. I'll never go back to traditional seating.

Jessica Dudley

Grade: Third- and Fourth-Grade Science
School: West Sabine Elementary School, Pineland, Texas
Students/Room Dimensions: 18-20 students; room is 720 square feet, about 30 feet by 24 feet

Setting It Up: I wanted to create a flexible seating environment that allowed my students to choose seats that are comfortable, something better than a basic plastic seat and desk. I brought in recliners, which are the most popular choice, and I've got a unique option in a chair that looks like a high-heeled shoe, which was the gift of a co-worker. There are tables of different heights and shapes-one of the tables I shortened by cutting off the legs-and there are stools, bucket seats with cushions, and more traditional chairs.

Tips: Setting expectations in the beginning for each seat choice is crucial, and you should have a plan for choosing seats. I randomly draw student names, and each student signs up for a new seat each week. Flexible seating has made an amazing difference in my classroom-it creates a student-centered environment and promotes responsibility.

Kenita Sutherland, Jackie Curts, and Anna Maziarka

Grade: Third Through Fifth Grades
School: South Marshall Elementary School, Benton, Kentucky
Students/Room Dimensions: 61 students; three and a half classrooms have been converted into one large room

Setting It Up: Our goal was to provide students with a flexible, comfortable learning environment. We incorporated tables, booths, futons, laptop bars, and even church pews. One of our biggest purchases, a favorite of students and adults, was the Hokki stools.

Tips: We spent the first month of school learning how to function in our flexible space. Students took "learning walks" through the room in order to identify "what learning might look like in a particular space." Students worked together to come up with expectations for the different areas and for the different seating options in each area.

Amy Mileham

Grade: Fourth Grade
School: Grace Hill Elementary, Rogers, Arkansas
Students/Room Dimensions: 28 students; room is 816 square feet, about 34 feet by 24 feet

Setting It Up: My flexible seating room was a DIY effort by my husband and me. My principal is very supportive, but there was no money in the budget. And we are a Title 1 school with high poverty levels, so asking parents for donations was out of the question. I wanted this for my students, so I began to scour yard sales and flea markets. I bought three tables and repainted them, and I removed sections of the legs from one of my traditional tables to make it suitable for kids. There are also beanbag chairs, stability balls, tall chairs, crate seats I fashioned, a bench with cushions, and various tables. Often students work on the carpet with clipboards.

Tips: The first few weeks of school, my students rotated through all of the seating options. Sometimes students don't work best in the places they think they will. I spent time teaching my students the proper way to use each seating option, and we made a list of expectations and strategies for success. My students know they're in control, so they need to sit in a place where they can be successful. Also, I assign "home base" seats for my students; they sit there when there is a substitute teacher, or if they happen to be having a difficult day.

Kate Roscioli

Grade: Sixth Grade
School: Virginia Run Elementary School, Centreville, Virginia
Students/Room Dimensions: 21-25 students; room is 900 square feet, about 30 feet by 30 feet

Setting It Up: There are a variety of seats: yoga ball chairs, pillows, and bouncy bands on the bottom of chairs. I have two standing desks that were purchased, and I have a long table on bed risers to create more space for students who want to stand. Last year was my second year doing flexible seating, and my biggest takeaway is that each group is different, and that's OK. It's a work in progress, and this year I added some stools to one of the standing tables.

Tips: I keep some desks in my classroom for students who need their own defined space. I also assign spots at the beginning of the year, so all students have a chance to try out the different options. Each day the kids get a new seat, so they can try out the different options before deciding on which one they like the best.

Laura Bradley

Grade: Eighth-Grade English and Digital Media
School: Kenilworth Junior High School, Petaluma, California
Students/Room Dimensions: 32 students; room is 900 square feet, about 30 feet by 30 feet

Setting It Up: I kind of half-stumbled into flexible seating-I still have 32 desks in my room! Students sit at assigned desks for attendance and direct instruction, but during long work periods they have some freedom to move around and get comfortable. I made simple adjustments to make it happen: I brought 35 carpet squares into my classroom and stacked them at the back of the room. Students figured out the rest, sitting in corners with their backs against the wall, lying under desks with rugs under them, working outside on squares on sunny days. Later, I transformed bookshelves into standing desks by making sure the tops were always clutter-free. I also let students flip desks and move furniture to create semi-private working spaces (students call them forts).

Tips: Making radical changes to the furniture didn't turn out to be critical for me; I found that given choices, students can find ways to work that support their individual needs. I start the school year by setting clear expectations with students: Can they really sit anywhere they want? Does that include under tables? Do behavioral expectations change with seating options? I also encourage teachers to have seating charts for the beginning of class: If you're not there, the charts are a lifeline for your substitute, and they reduce the social anxiety of kids entering a room and not knowing where their friends are-or the location of the kid who keeps teasing them.

This article would not have been possible without the contributions and/or photography of the following educators: Sarah Boyles, Laura Bradley, Ashley Rice Broomfield, Jackie Curts, Tom Deris, Jessica Dudley, Kristina Herbster, Anna Maziarka, Amy Mileham, Benita Kay Moyers, Shawna Noller, Stephanie Novotny, Charity Peetz, Charlena Perrell, Amy Rever, Mary Rodger, Kate Roscioli, and Kenita Sutherland. Their classrooms are amazing, and we're grateful they shared them with us.

The author of this article is the chief content officer at Edutopia. You can follow him on Twitter @smerrill777.

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K-8 educators from across the country give you a peek at their classrooms-and explain how they managed the transformations. Courtesy of Ashley Rice Broomfield In March, with the end of the school year rounding into view, we asked our Facebook community to show us their flexible seating arrangements.

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Two, four, six, eight, what do we appreciate? A good listicle! Especially when evaluating an educational trend, like the shift to flexible seating in K-12 classrooms.

As part of our series on that topic, we've combed through a heap of online data and compiled the ten biggest benefits (in our opinion) of flexible seating. Help yourself to dos or nearly the full dozen, as you educate teachers, administrators, students and parents on why this trend isn't a passing fidget-spinner-fad.

In fact, we see it as critical to enhancing learning across all ages. Plus, educators report that flexible seating is making their careers more enjoyable. To learn easy ways to incorporate flexible seating in the classroom, take a look at the 5 steps to flexible seating in the classroom.

Why Flexible Seating?

Students feel empowered by having some degree of choice and control over their environment. Flexible seating allows students to choose where they work and with whom. It also allows them to change their location and positions as needed.

Kayla Delzer, is the author of the popular 2015 EdSurge story, "Why the 21st-Century Classroom May Remind You of Starbucks." In a 2016 follow-up story on Edutopia, she says giving students choices about their physical classroom space teaches them higher-order thinking skills.

"Outside the windows of our classroom is a dynamic, fast-paced, and ever-changing world full of choices. How can we expect our students to solve problems and make choices independently if we constantly solve their problems and make their choices for them?"

Children need to move. Flexible seating allows them to wobble, rock, bounce, lean or stand, which increases oxygen flow to the brain, blood flow and core strength. In turn, this burns more calories and increases metabolism. It also helps keep young minds more alert and focused.

It's no surprise that physical activity is linked to higher academic performance, better health, and improved behavior. An academic paper by Matthew T. Mahar, et al, found that simple in-class activities can boost performance. Studies suggest that children who participate in short bouts of physical activity within the classroom have more on-task behavior, too.

An uncomfortable student, is a distracted and unproductive student. For example, picture a student who skipped or didn't have access to breakfast. As the countdown to lunch approaches, the sound of his or her growling stomach will make it impossibly hard to hear the teacher's voice. A uncomfortable chair can have the same affect.

Flexible seating encourages students to find their best spot to stay calm, focused and productive. As one teacher said, "There is no better way to show your support for a student-centered classroom, than creating a classroom from a child's point of view." In her opinion, comfortable students are engaged students.

Traditional desks can make students territorial or possessive over their space and supplies. Flexible seating encourages students to share both. And, it encourages them to take turns in different locations and with different seating options.

"When preparing kids for the real world, we want students' learning environment to reflect the environment of the real world," said Manuel Herrera, a district tech coordinator for the Affton School District in Missouri, as he reflected on the flexible seating movement that began in the workplace. "This [flexible seating] isn't a fad. I think it will eventually evolve into the way all classrooms look."

Flexible seating allows students to quickly and easily pair up, work in small groups, or discuss as a whole class - without moving mountains of heavy desks to establish eye contact. Delzer agrees.

"The students we share our classrooms with don't know life without constant connectivity, Wi-Fi, and a global audience. Our classroom environments should be conducive to open collaboration, communication, creativity, and critical thinking. This simply cannot be done when kids are sitting in rows of desks all day."

Commitment to Learning

While research on flexible seating is limited, it's clear that learning environments can have a direct impact on student achievement.

A 2012 study from the University of Minnesota found that students participated 48 percent more in discussions in a classroom with collaborative group seating versus traditional lecture-style seating, and also improved their performance on standardized tests.

How does this connect with flexible seating? Kelly Almer, a long-time educator in Littleton Public Schools in CO, recently switched to flexible seating. She says creating more student control and less teacher control has improved student engagement.

"I have witnessed a change in their commitment to learning and behavior," Almer explained. "By making the room 'ours' instead of 'mine,' the students have a sense of ownership that has made them more invested in their own education."

Almer's students choose where they want to sit daily. There is a variety of high, medium and low seating, and kids move to the furniture based on their needs. But Almer puts academics first. "Wherever they choose to sit, it has to help them be their best learning selves."

No one is naive enough to believe that flexible seating simply happens. Up front, teacher must establish some new classroom management tools. That includes creating a system to make seating choice fair and nondisruptive.

It also requires introducing higher-order thinking skills, like problem-solving, and emotional skills, like conflict resolution. There's also much value in fostering turn-taking and patience - especially for a generation of kids immersed in immediate gratification.

Many flexible seating options stimulate students' sense of touch. This type of stimulation can help children focus and process information. Sensory input is especially helpful for students with ADHD, ADD, and ASD.

Flexible seating helps make learning fun. The benefits far outweigh any negatives, said Almer, who will never go back to traditional seating.

"At this year's parent-teacher conferences, all of the parents stated that their child has a completely different attitude about school now. The kids love coming to school and learning, and they couldn't be happier."

She offered a few final tips for educators. Foremost, if you want to make this change in your learning environment, it's important to bring a positive mindset and recognize that the process takes time. She also recommends being deliberate with your choices, and to not overlook practical issues, like color-coordinating the room.

The results - a more active, engaged, enthusiastic, and relaxed room of students - are worth the effort, Almer concluded.

Take a look at the flexible seating options from Smith System to incorporate flexible seating in your classrooms.

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Sources:

edutopia.org/article/flexible-classrooms-assembly-required

edutopia.org/blog/flexible-seating-student-centered-classroom-kayla-delzer

"Effects of a Classroom-Based Program on Physical Activity and On-Task," Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38 no12 Dec. 2006

ideas.demco.com/blog/top-3-reasons-use-flexible-seating-classroom/

infograph.venngage.com/p/226127/6-benefits-of-flexible-seating

sassysavvysimpleteaching.com/2016/12/flexible-seating-classroom/

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Top 10 Benefits of a Flexible-Seating Classroom - Smith System Blog

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As part of our series on that topic, we've combed through a heap of online data and compiled the ten biggest benefits (in our opinion) of flexible seating. Help yourself to dos or nearly the full dozen, as you educate teachers, administrators, students and parents on why this trend isn't a passing fidget-spinner-fad.

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Greater Than, Less Than, Equal To Game | Lesson plan | Education.com

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Help your students make sense of the greater than, less than and equal to in this interactive lesson! Your students will have opportunities to compare either two-digit or three-digit numbers.

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Classroom Management Tips For New Teachers Classroom Management Tips

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Classroom Management Tips For New Teachers Classroom Management Tips

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6th Grade Teacher works w/Coach

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Discussion and Supporting Materials

Thought starters

1. How do students react when Ms. V redirects them with a whisper?

2. Do you see a difference when she tries positive narration?

3. What advice would you give Ms. V to continue improving her practice?

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New Teacher Survival Guide: Classroom Management

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Ms. Vreeland is a new teacher working to improve the management of her classroom. She shares a video of her class with management expert Jackie Ancess. Mrs. V takes what she's learned and tries it out in her class. Watch the before and after.

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Entering the Classroom

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Activity 2b Setting the Tone from Day One

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We get you prepared for the school year with great ideas for your classroom arrangement. From kindergarten to middle school to high school, we can help you get more from your classroom.

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Teacher to Teacher Ideas in the Top Teaching Blog | Scholastic

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Exciting lesson ideas, classroom strategies, teaching tips, book lists, videos, and reproducibles in a daily blog by teachers from the classrooms of extraordinary mentor

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