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1. How did the philosophers of the Enlightenment influence thinking on political issues? (SOL WHII.6d)

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1. How did the philosophers of the Enlightenment influence thinking on political issues? (SOL WHII.6d)

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Influence of the Enlightenment

Political philosophies of the Enlightenment fueled revolution in the Americas and France.

Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence incorporated Enlightenment ideas.

The Constitution of the United States of America and Bill of Rights incorporated Enlightenment ideas.

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2. How did the Enlightenment promote revolution in the American colonies? (SOLWHII.6d)

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2. How did the Enlightenment promote revolution in the American colonies? (SOLWHII.6d)

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The Enlightenment

Applied reason to the human world, as well as to the rest of the natural world

Stimulated religious tolerance

Fueled democratic revolutions around the world

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3. How did the ideas of the Enlightenment contribute to causing the French Revolution? (SOL WHII.6e)

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3. How did the ideas of the Enlightenment contribute to causing the French Revolution? (SOL WHII.6e)

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Causes of the French Revolution

Influence of Enlightenment ideas

Influence of the American Revolution

Events of the French Revolution

Storming of the Bastille

Reign of Terror

Outcomes of the French Revolution

End of the absolute monarchy of Louis XVI

Rise of Napoleon

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4. Who were some of the composers, artists, philosophers, and writers of the period?(SOL WHII.6f)

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4. Who were some of the composers, artists, philosophers, and writers of the period?(SOL WHII.6f)

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Representative composers, artists, philosophers, and writers

Johann Sebastian Bach: Baroque composer

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Classical composer

Voltaire: Philosopher

Miguel de Cervantes: Novelist

Eugène Delacroix: Painter (transition to the Romantic School of the nineteenth century)

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5. What improved technologies and institutions were important to European economies? (SOL WHII.6f)

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5. What improved technologies and institutions were important to European economies? (SOL WHII.6f)

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schools of art and forms of literature

Painting depicted classical subjects, public events, New natural scenes, and living people (portraits).

New forms of literature evolved, such as the novel (e.g., Cervantes’ Don Quixote).

Technologies

All-weather roads improved year- round transport and trade.

New designs in farm tools increased productivity (agricultural revolution).

Improvements in ship design lowered the cost of transport.

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6. How did the American and French Revolutions influence Latin American independence movements? (SOL WHII.7b)

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6. How did the American and French Revolutions influence Latin American independence movements? (SOL WHII.7b)

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Influence of the American and French Revolutions on Latin America

Slaves in Haiti rebelled, abolished slavery, and won independence.

Father Miguel Hidalgo started the Mexican independence movement.

French, Spanish, and Portuguese colonies gained independence.

Selected countries that gained independence during the 1800s

Mexico

Haiti

Colombia

Venezuela

Brazil