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= to rise above
Transcendentalism taught that the process of spiritual discovery and insight would lead a person to truths more profound than the person who could reach through reason.

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= not to drink alcohol
The societies also established alcohol- free hotels and passenger boats, encouraged employers to require their workers to sign antidrinking pledges who promised to ban the sale of alcohol

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= small societies dedicated to perfection in social and political conditions
It described a fictional place where human greed, sin, and egotism did not exist, and people lived in prosperity as equals.
- ill effects of urban and industrial growth

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= according to race
African Americans were placed in inferior schools. Opportunities for women and African Americans in higher education were even more limited.

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= an organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption
In the 1800s, the US consumed more alcoholic beverages per person than at any other tie in the country's history.
- Women saw drinking as a threat to family life
- valuing self-control and self-discipline