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Surgery was performed infront of multiple people (students) who would learn from the surgery. Infections would spread easily in the 19th century. Surgeons in the 19th century used to be good wit knives/cutting. In the 19th Century there were no anesthetics and hygiene wasn't given and importance.

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It was a very bloody procedure, and used to be performed by butchers and barbers.

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they would amputate the leg using a belt, a knife and a saw.
chloroform was used mostly for pregnant women including queen Victoria.
People with breathing problems have a tube pushed down their throat so they can breath but can cause infection because of the tube is not cleaned.

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operation or treatment, where body parts were cut or treated. Surgery in 19th century was carried out without any anesthetic. What they did use was chloroform, which was kind of a drug but it presented unsafe  issues such as you could suffer a heart attack during the surgery. The doctor who used to perform surgeries were usually butchers.

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Surgery is the treatment of injuries or disorders of the body by incision or manipulation, especially with instruments some varying with how dangerous they are.
There are many types of surgeries going from a minor one and other may be life or death surgeries
In order to help breathing problems, surgeons in 1899 decided to start using tubes to help patients with breathing difficulties. They would place the tube down the mouth, to stop the throat from closing in order for people to not suffocate. It was a dangerous process at first as sometimes the tubes were not sterilized which lead to infections. When anesthetics and sterilization were used properly, they worked successful and soon became very common. Hygiene was not given any importance and they later found out how washing hands before and after surgery reduces infection risks by a huge rate.
Over the years many things have progressed and surgeries were one of them.

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Back in the 19th century, chloroform wasn't discovered at the time, so patients had to be awake in the procedure.

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Precise Hand movement to treat patients.

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In this class we learnt about the different elements of the medicinal practice in the 19th century. In particular surgery. We learnt about how anaesthesia was noticed in the 19th century and how that enabled people and individuals to suffer and endure a lot of pain whilst in the surgery. We learnt about how cutting practices were very crude and rather barbaric
while cutting.

Surgery  is the dissection of the human body in a attempt to solve a disease problem or to conjure a medicinal practice as a cure

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the treatment of injuries or disorders of the body by incision or manipulation, especially with instruments.

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It requires multiple people often to be completed. It allows people a second chance most of the time. Surgeons need to be

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a treatment that requires use of surgical instruments i.e. X-ray etc.

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incision or manipulation, with medical tools.
medical treatment in which a doctor cuts into someone's body in order to repair or remove damaged or diseased parts

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Something which involves operating a person and isn't always successful

It's done on a huge scale

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using professional equipment to operate people.
only professional persons can do it.
it is most of the time to cure the person, or replace an organ.
surgeries have changed throughout the years, people used to do it to see what was inside their body. nowadays we do it to replace organs and it can save someones life.

in the 19th century that was the time when they started experimenting and wanted to discover what was inside the human body. this got done in horrible ways. like opening up the human body by someone unprofesional like the local butcher and barber, they chose the barber and butcher to do it because they knew how to work with knives. they did not know anything about the human body. however hygiene played a huge role in surgeries too, because they did not wash their knives or hand before and after the surgery, this lead to lots of infections and deaths of the patients. since people in the 19th century also did not know how to reduce the pain as much as possible, all the patients lead with a lot of pain. Since none of the people knew better this was normal to them. the only thing that the patients got from the surgeons was chloroform to reduce most of the pain that they received during the surgeries .

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Cutting open a patients body, usually involving advanced tools.

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> Requires accurate movement when performing.
> In a  controlled environment
> Many years of experience to perform correctly
> Saves lives
> They used Chloroform which was an unstable chemical for pregnant women and amputation of limbs
> Sanitation was not taken seriously back then
> they used glass tubes placed down the thoat to help with breathing problems.
> There was very little knowledge about medicine  which caused a lack of surgeons and physicians.
>

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painful
lots of equipment
you need to be clean
doctor need to be clean
fixing out body like bones, muscle ....
cutting tissues in human body
often under anesthesia.
needs training
in the nineteenth century they did not have anaesthetic, they used bloodletting that let blood gush out, chlor form was used to reduce pain and they would replace the belt to stop the blood and cut the leg, they also used tubes to help patients with breathing difficulties, they did not sterilize the trubes and this was bad for their health and there were tons of infections.
This was a time for trial as when we look at surgeries at this time it is much more advanced, it is cleaner and safer, with less of a risk

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Surgery requires a skilled doctor to be successful

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surgery involves operations.
it involves cutting
it involves fixing of broken bones.
people who do surgeries are surgeons.
surgeon.
it requires silence when in the operation room
it requires focus and dedication.
it involves examining of a patient.
it involves diagnosis, treatment
Use of chloroform to reduce the pain.
they did not have anesthetics.. they just cut off the legs without any anesthetics.  They placed a belt across the leg and then they cut it off. Most of their surgeries were unsuccessful because of lack of professional equipment's and hygienic equipment's. Usually after  most surgeries there were after effects which causes infections, blood loss and death. I do not think the surgery in the 19th century was safe because of their lack of knowledge.  Butchers and barbers were used as surgeons at that time because they were experts in using knives and they then used those skills  on humans in operation.
The surgery in this century is safer because we have the equipment's, knowledge and skillful people who do those jobs.
Even though they had chloroform it only reduced the pain but it did not take everything away. During the surgery some people would get heart attacks.