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Apple has been accused of scheduling the obsolescence of its iPhones to speed up its replacement with a new one. Apple has recognized it although it claims that it extends the life of the team.

It is a crime against competition and against consumers. He was previously denounced in France.

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1. Personally

Buy used or reconditioned. And if you have to buy new, consult a responsible consumption guide beforehand, evaluating other ethical and environmental criteria, not just the price.

To recycle our obsolete devices well, trying to fix them before disposing of them.

2. Globally

Public administrations spend thousands of euros annually on technology and could use their purchasing power to choose goods and services that offer good social results.

At a European level, laws will be proposed to promote the circular economy and to reverse the “buy, use, throw away” through the Circular Economy action plan presented this Wednesday by the European Commission, within the European Green Pact.

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It is almost impossible to manufacture a electronic device without using conclict minerals.

There are alternatives, such as Fairphone, which manufactures an ethically responsible mobile, or LineageOS Android, a free and open-source operating system for various devices.

Different organizations have produced ethical mobile rankings that compare the quality of the information in the reports on conflicting minerals of each company, and monitor their movements and initiatives.

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Planned obsolescence, that is, manufacturing to break, was invented in 1924 with the sole objective of increasing profits. This was the beginning of the era of consumption.

Psychological obsolescence is a collective consciousness. It consists in thinking that if the infinite growth dynamics are exited, it will turn around the middle ages, and this is not true.

Advertising has had a lot to do with it, which makes us want new things when the ones we still have work.

One of the great dangers of planned obsolescence is the enormous generation of waste that results from this enormous consumption. And electronic waste is one of the most dangerous.

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Assembly conditions in countries like China or Thailand:

Working more than 12 hours with repetitive movements

Low wages, 6-day work weeks.

Dangerous working conditions for health. Estp causes physical and mental problems.

They make Iphones although almost nobody can afford one.

Strict security conditions against theft and aggressiveness but very little job conditions control.

Great difficulties in creating unions.

There are anti-suicide measures given the high rate of attempts due to the stress generated by the production pressure.

They live in crowded conditions paying very high rents and have almost no free time.

Poor quality entertainment (dedicated to "screens").

All this causes a high turnover of personnel.

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1. Which are those "minerals in clonflict"?

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1. Which are those "minerals in clonflict"?

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Gold: the printed circuits of the boards where the microchips are attached are bathed in gold in high-end smartphones to improve their conductivity

Tantalum: obtained from coltan and used to make electrical microcapacitors

Tin: also used in printed circuits to solder connection points.

Tungsten: it is used to provoke the vibration before an electrical imposition.

Cobalt: Cobalt also participates in batteries and together with lithium make up 4% of the composition of mobile phones.

Rare earths: Rare earths are the 17 chemical elements obtained in open-pit mines in China without any environmental control of seepage into rivers or the atmosphere, devastating the nature around them and displacing hundreds of thousands of people. They are involved both in the illumination of the screen and in the reproduction of sound.

Lithium: it is obtained in open-pit mining, for example in the salt flats such as the Atacama, which are also usually protected and fundamental natural spaces for birds.

Coltan: it is the most famous due to the spectacular demand that was created with the Play Station in the late 90's. The name corresponds to the contraction of the name of two well-known minerals, columbite and tantalite.

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Congo

Malasia

China

Ghana

Bilbao

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What difficulties have you had in your work as a researcher?

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What difficulties have you had in your work as a researcher?

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Armed groups in Congo do not want what happens in the tin mines.

In Bilbao, during the presentation, they try to bribe you with a mobile phone.

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What conflicts come out around to the process of making a mobile?

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What conflicts come out around to the process of making a mobile?

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In Congo, sexual exploitation, slavery, illegal taxes.

In Malaysia, it does not matter where the mineral comes from, only that it is of good quality.

In the United States there is a law that requires certification of origin, in Europe, it is only recommended.

In China, job insecurity, labor exploitation, child labor.

In Europe, needs artifically created.

In Ghana, electronic waste ends up in illegal landfills, destroying the environment and the health of the inhabitants.

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What possible solutions appear throughout the game?

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What possible solutions appear throughout the game?

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Do not change mobile every so often

Unions that protect workers

Buy responsibly

Repair instead of change

Protest and sign official petitions

Recycle old mobiles

Collaborate with organizations that protest and help

Disseminate what you have learned

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2. Mines in Congo: how is that extraction, problems for local people linked to it.

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2. Mines in Congo: how is that extraction, problems for local people linked to it.

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Congo has one of the richest subsoils in the world but it is one of the poorest due to the abuse that has been done by developed countries for more than 100 years.

There have been two wars over Coltan involving Congo and other countries that have not ended despite the fact that peace agreements were signed in 2003.

The armed groups throw out the population to keep the resources.

There are mines controlled by the government, but most are controlled by criminal groups in which children and pregnant women are working.

The Obama Act, which forces the investigation of the origin of the minerals in conflict, has caused prices to drop sharply in Congo and many of the workers end up going to the "dark side"

Even the so-called "green" mines controlled by the government do not have adequate working conditions.

Although the benefit is enormous, companies that buy coltan do not revert the benefit to social resources that improve the lives of local people.

When mineral wealth is discovered in an area, it is a magnet for rebel groups and therefore a curse for the mad population.

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1. Over-exploitation of natural resources and pollution

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1. Over-exploitation of natural resources and pollution

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The ecological backpack of our technological devices is much larger than what they weigh: that of our smartphone is over 44 kg and weighs only 80 grams.

Para compensar las emisiones de gases efecto invernadero tendríamos que usar cada dispositivos entre 33 y 89 años y cambiamos de móvil en menos de dos años.

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After 3-5 years we get rid of our computer, and these devices become "electronic waste" or "e-waste".

Up to 90% of the materials of a mobile phone and 93% of the materials of a computer can be recycled.

What happens to our electronic waste?

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3. Indirect problems, the situation of women in Congo.

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3. Indirect problems, the situation of women in Congo.

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Higher rate of sexual violence.

It is a weapon of war that is used to expel the inhabitants of their villages.

It produces trauma, social rejection, sexual illnesses, prostitution derived from necessity.

Connection between consumerism and sexual violence.

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4. Study the case of extraction of gold in Colombia

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4. Study the case of extraction of gold in Colombia

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Gold is used in printed circuits. About 37,000 kilos of gold are needed a year.

Violence and displacement.

Since 2016 (peace agreements), agro-business and gold extraction have been favored.

In Colombia, it is estimated that 80% of national gold production is illegal.

Criminal groups have found a smuggling product in gold and a way to launder capital and buy weapons.

Defenders of rural farmers suffer harassment and violence without the state defending them.

Colombia is the country in the world with the highest number of internally displaced people and one of the most unequal.

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3. Substances Toxic to people and the environment

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3. Substances Toxic to people and the environment

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Functional electronic devices, once discarded, are toxic that can pass into the environment.

They shouldn't end up in the garbage can, not even the electrical cables.

These are some of the toxic elements that appear on our devices: Plomo, Mercurio, Cadmio, PVC, Arsénico, Berilio,
Bario, Cromo hexavalente.

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5. Possible ways to solve or reduce these impacts.

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5. Possible ways to solve or reduce these impacts.

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Create demand for conflict-free technology.

Support indigenous groups that suffer the consequences of mineral extraction.

European law against blood minerals.

Campaign signature.