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Carbohydrates can be divided into two main types: simple and complex.

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1. Simple carbohydrates are sometimes called "sugars" or "simple sugars." There are 2 types of simple carbohydrates: monosaccharides and disaccharides.
--Glucose
--Fructose
--Galactose

2. Complex carbohydrates are also called polysaccharides, because they contain many sugars. (The prefix "poly-" means "many.") There are 3 main polysaccharides:
--Starch
--Glycogen
--Fiber

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carbohydrates provide people with energy and are a vital part of a healthy diet.

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-Carbs provide body with energy
-Carbs also provide stored energy
-help to preserve muscle
-promote digestive health
-Carbs influence heart health and diabetes

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- According to Slavin and Carlson, 2014, the recommended carb intake is 45% to 65% of total daily calories.
- This would approximately total to 225 to 325 grams of carbs daily

- However diets can vary in carb consumption depending on the individual's goals
- For weight loss, ketosis/ low carb diets look to minimize carbohydrate consumption, forcing the body to burn reserve fats over glucose as a source of energy
- For athletes, a common method of artificially increasing performance is through carb loading, a practice of consuming more than the recommended intake

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The energy value for carbohydrates is 17 kJ/g (4.0 kcal/g)

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The brain is the only carbohydrate-dependent organ in the body

Common sources include:

Fruits, vegetables, milk, nuts, grain, seeds, legumes

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Polysaccharides
- mainly used for storage of glucose in the body
- provides a rapid release of energy when needed
e.g glycogen, starch, fibre