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Math

Sumerians used geometry to calculate the surface area of the farmer's fields to help calculate the amount of crops that they could tax.
Sumerians based their time off of the number 60 which is where we get our time from. 60 second minute, 60 minute hour, and even the 360 degree.

Ziggurat

Sumerians built 100 steps from the temple because they believed that God would use the steps to climb down to Earth.
Sumerians had 100s of people working on each level of the temples. Inside they were decorated with zigzags and triangle patters on the walls and patterns of the temple.
-Matthew

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I think that these two things were important in history because they both were things that had to do with community, a state is a community and games bring people together to create community.

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2-3 facts about dev statues and the first sailboats 

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2-3 facts about dev statues and the first sailboats 

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The statues on the boats were called Figureheads, and were known to be places on the bow usually its a religious symbol.

The first boats manufactured was in south china , which was then moved to the western Mediterranean Sea.

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Medicine such as oils, plants, and minerals were used on sick bodies. People would also cut holes in the backs of their skulls to allow pressure relief. They believed that different concoctions and rituals could be used to heal a person.

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Cuneiform is a writing system that was developed in ancient Sumer more than 5,000 years ago. It is important because a lot of what we know of the ancient world and Sumer comes from these writings.

The plow was an agricultural invention that allowed the to work on large scale farms and produce even bigger amounts of food. Not only did tis almost completely eliminate famine but it also gave them a surplus of food that could be traded for goods such as iron.

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The sumerians used three things for irrigation:

-Dams
-Reservoirs
- canals

The sumerians were the first group of people to develop written law. These laws were made to keep order (as laws should. The first laws were written on clay palets. These written laws were part of the Sumerian legal system that included trials and legal agreements.

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Sumerian Achievements - Arches and Music

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Sumerian Achievements - Arches and Music

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Considered by some to be the greatest architectural achievement by the Sumerians, their arch was a beautiful  U- or V-shaped opening above a doorway. The arches were built by stacking bricks on top of each other so they projected out from the building. Builders formed identical bricks by mixing river clay and straw, which was placed into a mold and heated up by an oven or the sun. The elegant arches created much larger openings, than the Sumerians just placing a piece of wood across an upright post. The arches also added artistic quality to the Sumerian home.

Music played an important role in the Sumerian's life.
Musicians would play at religious ceremonies to please the gods, write love songs, and get hired by wealthy people to play in their homes. Music was also played during religious sacrifices. The instruments played by the Sumerian musicians included drums, reed pipes, metal pipes, and a small ancient harp called the lyre. The makers of these instruments elaborately decorated
them to show the value of music.
- Andrew

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The armies were under the leadership of the king, whose main use for them was to fight with other city-states over water and land. These armies wer made up of people who knew what they were doing (professional soldiers) and farmer (who were forced into the job, historians belive by a death threat). But when going into battle, the armies had a formation. The first rank would be chariots. Then the infantry would enter, divided into two groups. The first to enter would be the Heavy infantry, named after the heavy helmet and short-handed spears they carried. The light infantry would enter next, wearing a ligth helmet and carrying some variation of an ax. All of the infantry got shields, as arrows were extrmely common. Despite all of the protection measures taken, it has be reocrded that 12,650 soliders died in a single battle. -Berkeley

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The first states were located in Sumer, where it was a multitude of cities surounded by farmland. These states were highly organized  in regards to systems and infastructure. In order to keep the state safe, the Sumerians build a large stone wall around the state streching on for about 6 miles. They also felt the need to use a moat system. King were the leaders of the states, as the citzens belived that he was sent by the gods. The king collected taxes and made sure that buildings were still standing and functioning. However, the most important part of the King's job was to lead the organized army.
-Berkeley

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I was surprised that there was so many luxury items like mirrors and gold cups. I was also surprised at the amount of weapons they had like the swords, arrowheads, and harpoons.

Metalworking was a very important achievement. They would work ith a variety of metals including gold silver tin lead copper and bronze the meopotamian lands did not provide metalworkers with valuable metals needed to make their goods so they imported them from areas around the near east. In return for these metals they would trade their metalworks with people as far as Europe!