# data[].attributes.body
2500 Indus valley civilization

1500 Indo European tribes known as the Aryans entered the subconintent bringing hinduism with them

470-424 was the rise of Siddhartha  Gautama
or the (Buddha

1526 In a battle at Panipat Babur defeats the sultan of Delhi, launching the Mughal empire in India

1530 The first Mughal emperor, Babur,
dies in India and is succeeded by his son, Humayun.

1556 Humayun dies and Akbar, the greatest
of the Mughal emperors, inherits the throne at the age of thirteen

1613 The British East India establishes a 'factory' (a secure warehouse for the storing of Indian goods) at Surat, on the west coast

1632 Shah Jahan orders that all recently
built Hindu temples shall be destroyed, ending the Mughal tradition of religious tolerance

1656 For the final years of his life Shah
Jahan is held a prisoner, by his son Aurangzeb, in Agra's Red Fort .

1696 Fort St William is built by the East India Company in the Ganges delta, and
subsequently develops into Calcutta

1739 The Persian ruler Nadir Shah enters Delhi and removes much of the accumulated
treasure of the Mughal empire

1746 French forces capture the British East India Company's fort of Madras

1757 CE Robert Clive defeats the nawab of
Bengal at the battle of Plassey, and places his own man on the throne.

1799 Tipu Sultan, ruler of Mysore, is killed fighting the British at Seringapatam.

1857 Animal fat on a new issue of cartridges sparks off the Indian Mutiny, also
know as the First War of Indian Independence

1858 The last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah II, is deposed by the British and exiled
to Rangoon, in Burma.

1903 CE Edward VII, the first British monarch
to travel to India, holds a great coronation durbar in Delhi.

1906 The All-India Muslim League is set up at a meeting of the Muhammadan
Educational Conference in Dhaka

1915 Mahatma Gandhi returns to India after more than twenty years in South Africa

1934 Mohammed Ali Jinnah becomes president of the Muslim League in India

1940 Mohammed Ali Jinnah puts forward
the concept of independent Muslim states within India

1942 Mahatma Gandhi launches the Quit India Movement, calling on a large crowd in
Bombay to 'do or die' in the struggle to expel the British.

1947 In granting independence to India, Britain partitions the subcontinent along
sectarian lines into Pakistan and the republic of India

Also Violent sectarian division in Kashmir results in war between India and Pakistan in support of the rival sides.

1949  The first Indo-Pakistani war ends with a Kashmir demarcation line approved by
the UN but acceptable to neither state.

1971 India intervenes in the Pakistan civil war
on the side of East Pakistan, the future Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto takes over as president of Pakistan, now consisting only of its western half
the end of the war between Pakistan
and India, East Pakistan becomes independent as Bangladesh

1979 Ex-president Zulfikar Ali Bhutto is
executed in Pakistan for allegedly authorizing the murder of a political opponent

2005 An earthquake kills more than 70,000
people in inaccessible regions near Muzaffarabad in the Pakistan part of Kashmir

# data[].attributes.body
The delicate seals of the Indus civilization are in the a script yet undeciphered.
Indo-European tribes known as Aryans, they bring in roots of Hinduism and the sacrificial hymns became the earliest Sanskrit literature. Hindu hermits live in groups called ashramas. The Indian medical theory maintains that the body consists of three humours- spirit, phlegm and bile. Different prince’s ran away to be free or live as beggars. The walls of caves at ajanta are profusely decorated with Buddhist murals. Muslims, arriving from Persia to India are occupying Sind in wester India. Turks from changing, raiding India northwest India the few new the pressure of Islam on the subcontinent.
The leader of a Turkish army’ establishes an independant sultanate in Delhi, beginning many centuries of Muslim rule in north India. The first Mughal  emperor, Babur dies in India ams is succeeded by his son, hamayun.  Hamayun was driven west into Afghanistan by sher shah, loses his family’s inheritance.
Hamayun dies and Akbar takes the throne at the age of thirteen. Shah Jahan orders that that all recently built Hindu temples shall be destroyed, ending the Mughal tradition of religious tolerance.  French forces capture the British East India company’s fort of madras. Yes
The British monarch George V holds a great durbar in Delhi to celebrate his coronation as emperor of India Muslim leader MohammadAli Jinnah becomes the first governor-general of the new country Pakistan an earth quack kills more than 70,000 people in inaccessible regions near Muzaffarabad in Pakistan part of Kashmir. The long civil wars in Sri Lanka ends with the conclusive defeat of the Tamil Tigers by government forces.

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The delicate seals of the Indus civilization are in a script as yet undeciphered / Yarns of spun cotton survive at Mohenjo-daro, one of the two great cities of the Indus civilization / Harappa becomes one of the main cities of the Indus civilization

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Indo-European tribes, known collectively as Aryans, enter India from the northwest

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Aryans brought Hinduism to the Subcontinent

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(Sharez) 470 BCE: An Indian prince, Vardhamana, leaves his home to live as a beggar which leads to the start of the Jain religion.

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(Sharez) 470 BCE: An Indian prince, Vardhamana, leaves his home to live as a beggar which leads to the start of the Jain religion.

# data[].attributes.body
Siddartha Gautama, a prince in Nepal, leaves home to become a wandering ascetic

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Gautama Buddha preaches his first sermon, at Sarnath, setting out the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path

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The Upanishads, written over a long period from oral tradition,  are the important texts of early Hinduism

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The Mahabharata, India's great national epic begins to take shape

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Alexander takes a major new step, leaving Persian territory and moving through the mountain passes into India

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In the Indian monsoon Alexander's Greek troops have finally had enough and threaten to mutiny unless he turns for home

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Chandragupta Maurya seizes the throne of Magadha, in India, and establishes the Mauryan dynasty

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Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma emerge as India's trio of main gods, with the Vedic religion of the Aryans evolving into Hinduism

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Asoka, a devotee of Buddhism, wins the Mauryan throne and establishes India's first empire

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Asoka, extending his rule over much of India, proclaims his Buddhist faith on pillars and in rock inscriptions

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Kanishka rules the Kushan empire of Afghanistan and northern India from his capital at Peshawar

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Muslims, arriving from Persia through Baluchistan, occupy the region of Sind in western India

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The use of zero, essential in practical mathematics, is now familiar in India and is adopted in Baghdad

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Turks from Ghazni, raiding into northwest India, renew the pressure of Islam on the subcontinent

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Warlike tribal groups, calling themselves Rajput and claiming descent from the Aryan warrior caste, are now in Rajasthan

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Mahmud of Ghazni marches an army across an Indian desert to destroy a great temple at Somnath, killing - it is said - some 50,000 Hind

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After centuries of raiding the northern part of Sri Lanka, the Tamils establish a settled Hindu presence in the island

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A Hindu empire in southern India is established with its capital at Vijayanagara, meaning 'city of victory'

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Udiana Deva, the last Hindu ruler of Kashmir, is murdered by his Muslim prime minister

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Timur devastates Delhi and loots treasure to take back to Samarkand on 120 elephants

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Nanak, the first of the Sikh gurus, takes to the road as a wandering teacher

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1500 bce
The European tribes came to India which brought in the roots of Hinduism.

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Vasco da Gama wins a trading treaty for Portuguese merchants after bombarding the Indian port of Calicut into submission

# data[].attributes.body
The Portuguese seize Goa and make it their colonial capital in India

# data[].attributes.body
In a battle at Panipat Babur defeats the sultan of Delhi, launching the Mughal empire in India

# data[].attributes.body
The first Mughal emperor, Babur, dies in India and is succeeded by his son, Humayun

# data[].attributes.body
Humayun, driven west into Afghanistan by Sher Shah, loses his family's new inheritance in India

# data[].attributes.body
Civil war within India enables Humayun to win a battle at Sirhind and recover the Mughal throne

# data[].attributes.body
Humayun dies and Akbar, the greatest of the Mughal emperors, inherits the throne at the age of thirteen

# data[].attributes.body
On the death of Akbar, his son Jahangir succeeds to the Mughal throne

# data[].attributes.body
The British East India establishes a 'factory' (a secure warehouse for the storing of Indian goods) at Surat, on the west coast

# data[].attributes.body
Shah Jahan orders that all recently built Hindu temples shall be destroyed, ending the Mughal tradition of religious tolerance

# data[].attributes.body
A young Hindu prince, Shivaji, captures Bijapur in a campaign against Muslim rulers that will result in his establishing a Maratha empire

# data[].attributes.body
The Mughal emperor Aurangzeb begins building the great Badshahi Mosque in Lahore

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The death of Aurangzeb introduces the long period of decline of the Mughal empire

# data[].attributes.body
The Persian ruler Nadir Shah enters Delhi and removes much of the accumulated treasure of the Mughal empire

# data[].attributes.body
122 people die after being locked overnight in a small room in Calcutta, in an incident that becomes known as the Black Hole of Calcutta

# data[].attributes.body
Robert Clive defeats the nawab of Bengal at the battle of Plassey, and places his own man on the throne

# data[].attributes.body
A Sikh maharajah, Ranjit Singh, captures Lahore and makes it his capital in his campaign to unify the Punjab / Tipu Sultan, ruler of Mysore, is killed fighting the British at Seringapatam

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Ranjit Singh, maharaja of the Punjab, agrees an eastern boundary between himself and the British in the Treaty of Amritsar

# data[].attributes.body
The Sikh maharajah of the Punjab, Ranjit Singh, conquers Kashmir, beginning a century and a half of Sikh dominance in the region

# data[].attributes.body
The first Anglo-Sikh war breaks out between Sikh forces in the Punjab and encroaching forces of Britain's East India Company

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The first Anglo-Sikh war ends with the Treaty of Lahore, by which Jammu and Kashmir are ceded to the British

# data[].attributes.body
The second Anglo-Sikh war begins when a British army invades the Punjab to suppress a local uprising

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A British victory at the Battle of Gujarat effectively ends the second Anglo-Sikh war, and is followed by annexation of the Punjab

# data[].attributes.body
Animal fat on a new issue of cartridges sparks off the Indian Mutiny, also know as the First War of Indian Independence

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Lucknow is retaken by the British, nearly a year after it fell to the rebelsThe end of the Indian Mutiny is followed by brutal British retaliationThe India Act places India under the direct control of the British government, ending the rule of the East India CompanyThe last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah II, is deposed by the British and exiled to Rangoon, in Burma

# data[].attributes.body
Edward VII, the first British monarch to travel to India, holds a great coronation durbar in Delhi

# data[].attributes.body
The All-India Muslim League is set up at a meeting of the Muhammadan Educational Conference in Dhaka

# data[].attributes.body
The British monarch George V holds a great durbar in Delhi to celebrate his coronation as emperor of India

# data[].attributes.body
Construction begins on the government buildings in New Delhi, designed by Edwin Lutyens and Herbert Baker

# data[].attributes.body
from August - the German cruiser Emden carries out successful raids on British shipping in the seas around India

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More than 300 die when British troops fire on a peaceful demonstration in Amritsar

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The first traces are found of a major but entirely forgotten civilization in the Indus valley

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Mahatma Gandhi is arrested by the British in India as an agitator and is sentenced to six years in prison

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The RSS party, from which the present Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) derives, is established in India by Keshava Baliram Hedgewar

# data[].attributes.body
Mohammed Ali Jinnah becomes president of the Muslim League in India

# data[].attributes.body
| Mohammed Ali Jinnah puts forward the concept of independent Muslim states within India

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In granting independence to India, Britain partitions the subcontinent along sectarian lines into Pakistan and the republic of India / Louis Mountbatten, the last viceroy of India, becomes also the first governor-general / Jawaharlal Nehru becomes prime minister of the newly independent republic of India / Muslim leader Mohammed Ali Jinnah becomes the first governor-general of the new state of Pakistan / Muslims proclaim an independent state in west Kashmir, defying the wishes of the maharaja / Violent sectarian division in Kashmir results in war between India and Pakistan in support of the rival sides

# data[].attributes.body
The first Indo-Pakistani war ends with a Kashmir demarcation line approved by the UN but acceptable to neither state

# data[].attributes.body
Albanian missionary Mother Teresa opens the Nirmal Hriday, or Kalighat Home for Dying Destitutes, in Calcutta

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The Dalai Lama escapes from Tibet to India after the Chinese suppression of an armed uprising costing thousands of lives

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Nehru's daughter, Indira Gandhi, becomes India's prime minister as leader of the Congress party

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Pakistan's president Ayub Khan hands over power to another general, Yahya Khan, who introduces martial law

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In the Pakistan election, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto wins a clear majority in West Pakistan

The outgoing Pakistan government, led by Yahya Khan, rejects the election result and sends troops to East Pakistan

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Awami League leader Mujibur Rahman declares unilaterally that Bangladesh (East Pakistan) is an independent state

The arrest of Mujibur Rahman, together with brutal attempts at repression, turn resistance in East Pakistan into full-scale civil war

India intervenes in the Pakistan civil war on the side of East Pakistan, the future Bangladesh

Pakistan surrenders to India within a month of Indian intervention in the war to suppress East Pakistan

With the end of the war between Pakistan and India, East Pakistan becomes independent as Bangladesh

Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto takes over as president of Pakistan, now consisting only of its western half

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Zia ul-Haq, the Chief of Army Staff, takes power in a bloodless coup against the government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

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Ex-president Zulfikar Ali Bhutto is executed in Pakistan for allegedly authorizing the murder of a political opponent

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Sikh rebels, demanding an independent Punjab, seize the Golden Temple in Amritsar

Indian prime minister Indira Gandhi uses the army to dislodge militant Sikhs occupying the Golden Temple in Amritsar

Indira Gandhi is assassinated in Delhi by members of her Sikh bodyguard, in retaliation for the desecration of the Golden Temple

Rajiv Gandhi succeeds his mother as leader of the Congress party and prime minister of India

More than 2000 die in the Indian city of Bhopal when toxic gas escapes from a Union Carbide plant

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35-year-old Benazir Bhutto, daughter of the executed president, leads a coalition government in Pakistan

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Benazir Bhutto's government is dismissed on corruption charges and her party loses the resulting elections

# data[].attributes.body
Rajiv Gandhi is killed near Chennai, during an election campaign, by a suicide bomber on behalf of Tamil militants

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Rajiv Gandhi is killed near Chennai, during an election campaign, by a suicide bomber on behalf of Tamil militants

# data[].attributes.body
After only three years in opposition, Benazir Bhutto wins a second term as prime minister of Pakistan

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Benazir Bhutto is dismissed from government in Pakistan for a second time, again on corruption charges

# data[].attributes.body
A Pakistani general, Pervez Musharraf, takes power in a military coup

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An earthquake kills about 20,000 people in the region of Bhuj in the Indian state of Gujarat

Crown Prince Dipendra kills nine members of his own royal family at the court of Nepal

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An earthquake kills more than 70,000 people in inaccessible regions near Muzaffarabad in the Pakistan part of Kashmir

# data[].attributes.body
A series of coordinated terrorist bombs explode on trains during the crowded evening rush hour in Mumbai (Bombay)

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The long civil war in Sri Lanka ends with the conclusive defeat of the Tamil Tigers by government forces