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- The election of 1800 put Thomas Jefferson, The leader of the Democratic republicans against president john Adams and his federalist party.
- The 12th Amendment is passed calls for elector's to cast specter ballots for president and vice president. Still in effect today.

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- Madison becomes president in 1812, led then a nation into war against great Britain
- The cause of the war presentiment the practice of seizing American at sea and drafting them into the British navy.

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James Monroe become President in 1816
- Nationalism a belief that national inters should be placed ahead of regional concern
- The chief events of his calm and prosperous administration which has been called the era of good feelings, were the first Seminole war(1817-18) the acquisition of Florida's from Spain

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- Serving under president Monroe, Adams was one of American's great Secretaries of state, arranging with England for the Oregon country, obtaining from Spain the cession of Floridas's, and formulating with the president the monroe Doctrine.

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- Adams signed the controversial Alien and sedition Acts and built up the army and navy in the undeclared quasi- war with france. During his term , he became the first president to reside in the executive mansion now known as the white house.
- serving under president Monroe, Adams was one of American great.

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-Economic Panic of 1837. The severe downturn in American economy that began in 1836 became van Buren's primary concerns during his presidency. Historians have identified three causes of the depression that wracked the American economy during the late 1830s