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What is it? Cyanosis is a blue or grayish discoloration of the skin.
Causes? This could include loss of circulation (caused by jewelry, tight clothing), hypothermia, or lowered oxygen levels.
Symptoms? bluish, grayish skin color, usually on fingers or toes.
Treatment? restore blood flow to the affected area (remove jewelry, warm the skin). if that does not help, it could be the symptom of a more serious condition in which case further treatment is needed.

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What is it? a condition (most common in newborns) in which the skin and the whites of the eyes turn yellow due to excess bilirubin, a yellow bile pigment.
Causes? poor function of the liver, a pre-existing condition, or drug use
Symptoms? yellowed skin or whites of eyes
Treatment? Often times, newborns do not need to be treated, as their liver will develop and fix the problem on its own. However, the most common form of treatment is light therapy. If the condition is caused by another condition, patients will be treated for that.

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What are they? an area of red skin, sometimes raised or bumpy temporarily
Causes? skin contact with allergens, medications, infections, humidity, etc.
Symptoms? red spots on the skin, itching, irritation
Treatment? ointments, anti-itch creams, lotions, or oatmeal baths.

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What is it? It is a superficial burn on the surface of skin
Symptoms: Redness, pain, swelling
Causes: Sunburns, scalds, and electricity.
Treatment: It could be treated at home but if the burn is large or painful, a doctor might be needed.

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What is it? It is a partial thickness burn that affect the epidermis layer of skin and also part of the dermis layer.
Symptoms: Blisters, wet-looking or seeping wound.
Causes: Physical sources of heat, or chemicals (bleach)
Treatment: Should seek medical attention. Steps that might be helpful are: remove clothing or jewelry that cover the burn, run it under cool but not cold water.

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What is it? Full thickness burns that go through the dermis and affect deeper tissues.
Symptoms: Dry and leathery skin. Lack of pain because nerve endings have been destroyed.
Causes: A scalding liquid. Skin that comes in contact with a hot object for an extended period of time. An electrical or chemical source.
Treatment: Needs to be treated by a doctor. Antibiotics and sometimes skin grafting.

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What is it? Second most common skin cancer. Occurs where squamous cells are found.
Symptoms: Begins with a dome shaped bump or a red patch. It's usually rough and crusty, can bleed very easily.
Causes: A mutation in the skin that causes cells to grow out of control when it is suppose to die.
Treatment: See a doctor. It is easy to treat early on, but once it spread to lymph nodes and such, it can cause serious complications.

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What is it? Begins in basal cells, where the new skin is produced when the old one dies off. Appears on transparent bumps on the skin.
Symptoms: A pearly white, skin-colored or pink bump. A brown, black or blue lesion. Or a flat, scaly, reddish patch.
Causes: Ultraviolet light in the sun. Makes cell grow out of control
Treatment: Prescription creams or surgery to remove the cancer.

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What is it? Occurs when the pigment-producing cells that give color to the skin become cancerous.
Symptoms: New, unusual growth or a change in an existing mole. Melanomas can occur anywhere on the body.
Causes: Ultraviolet radiation from the sun and from tanning lamps and beds is the leading cause of melanoma.
Treatment: Surgery, radiation, medications, or in some cases chemotherapy.

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What is it? a condition in which rashes or rough patches appear often all over the skin, usually for no apparent reason/cause
Causes? unknown but believed to be an exaggerated immune response
Symptoms? dry, scaly patches of skin that can crack open and bleed, itching, red skin
Treatment? There is no cure, but patients usually take medications to control the severity, use prescription ointments, take warm baths, and moisturize constantly.

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What is it? a chronic disease that comes and goes, resulting in itchy, scaly patches of skin that sometimes crack and bleed due to irritation/scratching
Causes? Like eczema, it is an exaggerated immune response, triggered by infections, stress, or cold weather.
Symptoms? rashes on the skin, flaking or bloody patches, usually located on joints such as knees or elbows
Treatment? Photodynamic therapy is a common treatment, in which both medications and light therapy are used to destroy abnormal skin cells. Some people take medications such as vitamin A or immuosuppressive drugs, but creams like petrolium jelly also help.

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What is it? when hair follicles become plugged with oil or dead skin cells
Causes? most common during puberty, when the sebaceous (oil) glands become stimulated and can become clogged, resulting in a bump on the skin.
Symptoms? pimples, blackhead, rough, red, and bumpy skin, usually on the face.
Treatment? There are many drugs you can take to manage the acne. Most typically these are topical medications such as retinoids, antibiotics (in small amounts to avoid a resistance), and dapsone. Other treatment methods include laser removal or steroid injections.