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Bones begin the healing process as soon as the break, fracture or splinter occurs. Blood clots begin to form around the broken bone and those blood cells contain cells called phagocytes. Phagocytes begin to eat the bacteria around the bone in order to keep it clean. A soft callus then begins to form around the bone that contains cells calls chondroblasts. After this, another callus is formed around the soft callus, except this callus is hard. The cells in this callus begin to make the bone. Minerals are added to it in order to make it sturdy. Cells begin to break down excess bone that surround the bone in order to form it. This entire process can take anywhere from weeks to months.

School of Life Sciences | Ask A Biologist. (n.d.). Retrieved September 22, 2016, from https://askabiologist.asu.edu/bone-healing

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Hypothalamus helps to balance out the body. Hypothalamus is in between the nervous system and the endocrine system. It is in the brain above the pituitary glands. Hypothalamus helps to balance out heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature etc. It sends chemical signals to help reguate the balance of the body.  http://www.endocrineweb.com/endocrinology/overview-hypothalamus

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         Ulises Pena             How Do Bones Support the Body?                                                             The main job of the skeleton is to provide support for our body. Bones are solid and they support the body by providing it to help the body to move . The skeleton of the body is very important because the bones are all connected as a skeleton and that is what gives it the body shape and support. Most of the bones in the body are protected by organs that are quite delicate, and the bones work with the muscles in order to give strength to the body. The skeleton consists as of more than 200 bones that are separated. Our skeletons are strong but light, and without our skeleton our bodies would completely collapse into a heap. 

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         Ulises Pena             How Do Bones Support the Body?                                                             The main job of the skeleton is to provide support for our body. Bones are solid and they support the body by providing it to help the body to move . The skeleton of the body is very important because the bones are all connected as a skeleton and that is what gives it the body shape and support. Most of the bones in the body are protected by organs that are quite delicate, and the bones work with the muscles in order to give strength to the body. The skeleton consists as of more than 200 bones that are separated. Our skeletons are strong but light, and without our skeleton our bodies would completely collapse into a heap. 

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Source: Boy, Science. "Science Boy." Zen to Fitness. N.p., 08 Sept. 2014. Web. 21 Sept. 2016.

Website: http://www.zentofitness.com/how-do-bones-give-body-form-and-support/

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How could bones become fragile if no stress is exhibited upon them?

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How could bones become fragile if no stress is exhibited upon them?

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Bones could become fragile and break from osteoporosis, a condition in which your bones are not replacing all the material needed to fix themselves. It increases the risk of breaking a bone, evidenced from half of all women over fifty breaking a bone somewhere in their body. Age also is a big cause of fragile bones, because you may have had a surgery like a gastric bypass in age, and that causes your body to fail to absorb as much calcium as it can. Lastly, if you don't eat enough calcium or vitamin d infused food, you could weaken your bones and make the fragile.

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What happens if your bones use too much Calcium 

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What happens if your bones use too much Calcium 

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Surprisingly yes, Bones are able to contract a disease is Hyperglycemia which is mostly caused by Overactive parathyroid,  This can lead to Bone pain, Height loss, Bowed shoulders, Curvature of the spine, and more importantly fractures in the bones
Sources:
-http://www.healthline.com/health/hypercalcemia#Symptoms2
-http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypercalcemia/basics/causes/con-20031513

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Kayla Sierras- Why do bones weaken after being inactive? 

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Kayla Sierras- Why do bones weaken after being inactive? 

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When exposed to extended amounts of inactivity, the body loses bone strength and the person is at a higher risk for osteoporosis, and/or broken or fractured bones. In order for bones to continue to grow, there constantly needs to be some sort of stress put on the body. The stress, like walking, running, playing sports, etc. helps to improve the strength of the bones so that they do not become brittle and weak. After being on a long amount of bed rest for example, would make a person feel weak and disoriented because of the lack of movement and strength development on the bones. That is why it is so crucial that young children are active, because if they were not, they could grow up with a higher risk of bone breakage, or osteoporosis.

Nigam, Y., Knight, J., & Jones, A. (2009, June 9). Effects of bedrest 3: musculoskeletal and immune
systems, skin and self-perception. Retrieved September 21, 2016, from
https://www.nursingtimes.net/
effects-of-bedrest-3-musculoskeletal-and-immune-systems-skin-and-self-perception/5003298.article

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Estevan Baez- How is it possible for our bones to weaken as we grow older? 

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Estevan Baez- How is it possible for our bones to weaken as we grow older? 

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This is possible because as people grow older they start loosing calcium and vitamins.Another thing is because as you grow older your joints become less flexible wich makes it alittle harder to move your body parts.For example your hips and knee joints may lstart to loose cartilage after time passes. Lean body masss may decreases. This decrease is partly caused by a loss in muscle tissue.

Website:https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/004015.htm

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Why is the regeneration of bones so important?

New bone formation is vital in keeping the bones strong to avoid any breaking or fracturing. Bones over time become very brittle and weak and any injury can cause them to break and fracture. The bones in the body regenerate every three years which help the bones stay strong. The bones also hold calcium which is dispensed after the bone regenerates throughout the body to keep the body healthy

The new calcium in the bloodstream is taken to collagen to form new bone material. At younger ages the body is renting the bone constantly since the body is growing larger and larger as the years go by. By adulthood bones are regenerated very few times. At older ages bone regeneration declines and the strength of regeneration is not as strong.

Sources:"The mechanism of bone regeneration." MBP, Megmilk Snow Brand, 2011, www.meg-snow-mbp.com/english/
about/reborn.html. Accessed 21 Sept. 2016.

Website: http://www.meg-snow-mbp.com/english/about/reborn.html

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Why is the regeneration of bones so important?

New bone formation is vital in keeping the bones strong to avoid any breaking or fracturing. Bones over time become very brittle and weak and any injury can cause them to break and fracture. The bones in the body regenerate every three years which help the bones stay strong. The bones also hold calcium which is dispensed after the bone regenerates throughout the body to keep the body healthy

The new calcium in the bloodstream is taken to collagen to form new bone material. At younger ages the body is renting the bone constantly since the body is growing larger and larger as the years go by. By adulthood bones are regenerated very few times. At older ages bone regeneration declines and the strength of regeneration is not as strong.

Sources:"The mechanism of bone regeneration." MBP, Megmilk Snow Brand, 2011, www.meg-snow-mbp.com/english/
about/reborn.html. Accessed 21 Sept. 2016.

Website: http://www.meg-snow-mbp.com/english/about/reborn.html

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Juan Amaya- Did early humans have stronger bones than humans now?

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Juan Amaya- Did early humans have stronger bones than humans now?

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Early humans had bones that were more dense than the bones we have now, and activity plays a major part in that. Humans are not nearly as active as early humans were, because we don't go running long distances and hunting for food like early humans did. The advancements in transportation and the convenience of having food at stores have limited our activity, as well as technology in general. Humans today are also not getting the right amount of nutrition, which is necessary for bone growth and strength. Being physically active and maintaining a healthy diet will help your bones stay strong and not be as weak as they have gotten over the years.

SOURCE:

Lyer, S., S.Y. (2014, April 8). Human History: Early Humans Had Stronger Bones Which Got Weaker As      Farming Progressed. Retrieved September 21, 2016, from International Science Times website:      http://www.isciencetimes.com/articles/7043/20140408/      human-history-early-humans-stronger-bones-weaker.htm

WEBSITE:
http://www.isciencetimes.com/articles/7043/20140408/human-history-early-humans-stronger-bones-weaker.htm

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Bella Rosas-  What happens when a kids calcium level is too low? 

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Bella Rosas-  What happens when a kids calcium level is too low? 

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If a kid does not like dairy products or for whatever reason does not consume enough calcium there can become some serious symptoms. As kids, calcium is very important to the bones. Calcium builds up the bone and also makes them stronger. If the calcium levels are too low the bones begin to weaken. The bones are not getting enough calcium to make them stronger so therefore they become weak and are prone to breakage. The more calcium you consume the better, because the more you age, the bones tend to stay strong.

website:

Low Calcium Levels in Children. (2015, August 25). Retrieved September 21, 2016, from      http://www.livestrong.com/article/230983-low-calcium-levels-in-children/

http://www.livestrong.com/article/230983-low-calcium-levels-in-children/

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Emily Morales- What causes our bones to deteriorate?

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Emily Morales- What causes our bones to deteriorate?

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A disease that is known as osteoporosis causes the bones to slowly deteriorate and it is caused when a new bone is forming, too much old bone is there which can be reabsorbed, or even both. Osteoporosis can also be caused with a low bone mass and these are only some of the reasons. With the deteriorate of bones we can easily break a bone such as our hip, wrist, spine, and other bones in our body. About 44 million have osteoporosis and women are more likely to get osteoporosis than men. The causing of our bones deteriorating can be prevented by eating a good rich diet with calcium D, exercising, and not smoking.  If diagnosed with osteoporosis it can be treated by exercise, medications, or seeing a specialist.

Website:
http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/osteoporosis/osteoporosis_ff.asp

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Catherine Montano- Why are many people at risk of having the disease Osteoporosis?

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Catherine Montano- Why are many people at risk of having the disease Osteoporosis?

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Many people are at high risk of having this disease because their bones are not as heavy and dense as they should be. Many people that have Osteoporosis are more likely to break their bones due to the weakness of their bones. The bones that often break are the hip, spine, and wrist. Osteoporosis can happen to both men and women at any age. Although Osteoporosis is mostly found in older women. It is also most likely to be found in small and thin women.
Source: What Is Osteoporosis?
(November 2014)
Retrieved September 21,2016
Website: http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/osteoporosis/osteoporosis_ff.asp

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Janell Barajass_Does aging affect the bones?                  People tend to lose bone mass or density when they age which can lead to osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become brittle and weak. Muscles provide the force and strength to move the body, changes in the muscles, bones, and joints affect the body which is lead to slow movement. Loss of bone mass is more common to women due to menopause. Overtime the joints become less flexible and the cartilage may begin to rub together which cause pain to the bones.To prevent problems with the muscles or joints excercise is best way to slow down the process of aging bones.             Sources:Aging changes in the bones-muscles- joints. (n.d.). Retrieved October 19, 2016, from  

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Janell Barajass_Does aging affect the bones?                  People tend to lose bone mass or density when they age which can lead to osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become brittle and weak. Muscles provide the force and strength to move the body, changes in the muscles, bones, and joints affect the body which is lead to slow movement. Loss of bone mass is more common to women due to menopause. Overtime the joints become less flexible and the cartilage may begin to rub together which cause pain to the bones.To prevent problems with the muscles or joints excercise is best way to slow down the process of aging bones.             Sources:Aging changes in the bones-muscles- joints. (n.d.). Retrieved October 19, 2016, from  

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Website:

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/004015.htm

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Armando Hernandez- What happens if there is too much calcium in the bones? 

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Armando Hernandez- What happens if there is too much calcium in the bones? 

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If there is too much calcium in the body, then it will cause hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia can cause problems in the bones such as; height loss, rounded shoulders, scoliosis, and fractures. Hypercalcemia is caused by many things like; if dietary supplements have too much vitamin D or Calcium, side effects caused by medication, and hyperparathyroidism. Luckily, hypercalcemia can be treated fairly easily, depending on the severity of the case. If it’s a mild case, then you just need to keep track of your condition, and if it is severe then you need to go to a hospital for treatment.

Sources: Delgado, A. (2016, February 18). Hypercalcemia. Retrieved September 21, 2016, from Healthline

website: http://www.healthline.com/health/hypercalcemia#Treatments5

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Isabel Muratalla-      Why are some people more prone to weak and broken bones than others ? 

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Isabel Muratalla-      Why are some people more prone to weak and broken bones than others ? 

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Osteoporosis is a disease in which the bones become weak and are more likely to break. People with osteoporosis most often break bones in the hip, spine, and wrist. Millions of people in the United States people with osteoporosis or are at high risk due to low bone mass. It can occur in both men and women at any age but is most common in older women. Some of these risks factors you can not change some you can. Some risk factors are gender women are more likely to get this other than men, age the older you are, and body size thin women. To slow down bone loss you can exercise, don't smoke, eat a rich diet.

Sources:

What is Osteoporosis ?

(November 2014)

Retrieved September 21, 2016.

Website:

http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/osteoporosis/osteoporosis_ff.asp

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How does our lifestyle affect our bones and how do you keep bones healthy?

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How does our lifestyle affect our bones and how do you keep bones healthy?

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Bones have many important roles in our bodies. They provide structure, protect organs, storing calcium , and secure muscles. You must contain the right amount of calcium in your diet. Too little can makes your bones weaker can fracture more easily and early bone loss. Being inactive and/ or obese have a higher risk of osteoporosis along with have a alcoholic beverage twice a day. Things such as tobacco weaken your bones.  As you get older, your bones weaken and become thinner. By staying active but such in sports, going to the gym, or even walking a few miles everyday,  strengthens bones and helps prevent being at risk of osteoporosis. Too much stress on the bones may also cause bones to break so you must know your limits. Vitamin D is needed in your diet in order for bones to absorb calcium.

Sources:
(Jan. 15, 2016) What can I do to keep my bones healthy?
1998-2016 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research.

Website:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/bone-health/art-20045060?pg=2

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Isabel Cuevas- Why is it that bones in females stop growing at an earlier age than they do for males?

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Isabel Cuevas- Why is it that bones in females stop growing at an earlier age than they do for males?

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Since bone consists of living tissue, new bone is constantly replacing the old bone. Throughout your childhood and as an adolescent, your skeleton changes in size and mass. In females, 90% of the growth in bone tissue is reached by the age of 18 whereas males reach it by the age of 20. Although bone mass can still continue to grow at the age of 30, women don't experience as much growth once they reach 30 or menopause. A couple years after menopause women usually lose bone mass which can lead to Osteoporosis. This is a disease where bones become fragile, it can be caused by hormonal changes, or lack of calcium/vitamin D. Males have a higher peak bone tissue than females because although their bone tissue grows at a similar rate before they reach puberty, males gain more bone mass than females once they have gone through puberty.

SOURCES:
Osteoporosis: Peak Bone Mass in Woman. (n.d). Received June 2015 from NIAMS.

WEBSITE:
http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/bone/osteoporosis/bone_mass.asp

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Cicily Miller- Why do bones deteriorate when a person spends the day in bed? 

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Cicily Miller- Why do bones deteriorate when a person spends the day in bed? 

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The bones in the human body needs stress to strengthen. Stress on bones have proven to develop properly and strengthen when under stressful actions such as jogging.  Growing with age, bones tend to become less dense and develop conditions like Osteoporosis as a result. Scientists have found that subtle vibration for 20 minutes a day can increase bone density without using any medications or exercise.    Your bones are a necessity for everyday functioning, without proper exercise your bones will becomes frail and brittle .

Sources:
Chui, G. (2000, October 31). Them bones. Mercury News.

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Shelby Veuve- How does lifestyle affect bone growth after bone mass has peaked?

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Shelby Veuve- How does lifestyle affect bone growth after bone mass has peaked?

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Lifestyle choices can be critical to maintaining strong bones after our bones mass has peaked. To keep our bones healthy we need a proper diet, physical activity, and the correct levels of calcium and vitamin D for our bodies. Some factors that affect bone growth negatively after our peak are smoking, reproductive issues, several medical issues or prescription medications, not enough calcium or vitamin D, and heavy alcohol use.
Bone Health and Osteoporosis: A Report of the Surgeon General. (n.d.). Retrieved from NCBI website: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK45503/

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Taren Kaur- How is a bone a living organ?

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Taren Kaur- How is a bone a living organ?

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You might of been thinking a bone is dry and brittle but instead it's very smart, subtle and so full of vitality that it could be taken as a symbol not of death, but of renewal. Every inch of you skeleton is renewed every 10 years. The spongy bones of the spine and hip renew themselves. As said by Patricia Ducy, a biologists at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston "Itś a very dynamic organ, even if it does not look like it".

SOURCES:
Are bones actually living organs? (2010). Retrieved 2016.

WEBSITE:
Roizen, D. M. (Ed.). (2010). Are bones actually living organs. Retrieved 2016, from Are bones  actually living organs? website: https://www.sharecare.com/health/parts-of-the-skeletal-system/  are-bones-living-organs

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Is osteoporosis hereditary?

Osteoporosis can be classified as hereditary. Many people with a family history of bone fractures or low bone density. There was a study that showed “56 of bone fractures” were linked to a hereditary form of osteoporosis. Though it is not a for sure scientific breakthrough, there have been countless studies that exemplify the possibility that osteoporosis is likely hereditary among other ways to contract osteoporosis.

Sources:
Is osteoporosis hereditary? (2014, march 30). Retrieved September 20, 2016, from

http://www.newsmax.com/Health/Health-Wire/osteoporosis-risk-bone-density-symptoms/2014/03/30/id/

562525/

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Mrs. Clark - How can people who are allergic to milk get adequate amounts of calcium?

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Mrs. Clark - How can people who are allergic to milk get adequate amounts of calcium?

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Some people choose not to consume dairy products for ethical reasons, while others may have dairy allergies.  Foods like kale, sardines (with the bones), salmon, tofu, chia seeds, sesame seeds and almonds are excellent sources of calcium for these individuals. Another good option is to look for foods that are calcium fortified.  These are foods that have had calcium added to them during processing. Cereals, orange juice and even soy milk have calcium added to them so they can be a good source for those who can't eat, or simply don't enjoy dairy products.

SOURCES:

Non dairy sources of calcium [Fact sheet]. (2016, January 12). Retrieved September 18, 2016, from

USDA: choosemyplate.gov website: https://www.choosemyplate.gov/dairy-calcium-sources

 Oaklander, M. (2014, January 10). 10 dairy-free ways to get calcium: milk-free sources of the bone builder. Prevention. Retrieved from http://www.prevention.com/food/healthy-eating-tips/calcium-rich-foods/slide/11