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The 7 Years War or French and Indian War was a conflict  that started when the colonists joined into a European conflict involving France, Austria, and Russia against Prussia and Britain. The war was officially provoked when George Washington was sent by the governor of Virginia as the representative to the french warning them to stay away from the area around Pittsburgh.
Causes

The 1748 treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, ending the War of the Austrian Succession, left all parties dissatisfied with the terms.

Great Britain, Prussia, and Hanover became allies, France, Austria and Rusia spearheaded an opposing alliance.

Frederick the Great of Prussia saw an opportunity to expand Prussian territory and influence and invaded Saxony.

Effects

It changed the balance of power among the belligerents in Europe.

Treaty of Paris

The French lost nearly all their land claims in North America and their trading interests in India. Great Britain gained Canada, all lands east of the Mississippi, and Florida. France ceded Louisiana to Spain and evacuated Hanover.

Treaty of Hubertusburg

Great Britain emerged from the war a world power

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It was the first internal tax imposed on all papers and official documents  directly on American colonists by the British Parliament.

Colonists  were not in favor and they ranged from boycots of British goods to riots and attacks on the tax collectors.

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The Boston Massacre was a street fight, between a "patriot" mob, throwing snowballs, stones, and sticks, and a squad of British soldiers. Several colonists were killed, and this led to a campaign by speechwriters to rouse the ire of the citizenry. The British soldiers shot down several colonists provoking the start of the American Revolution. The Boston massacre caused a rise in the American Revolution because it was an explosion of violence shown by British troops, it helped spark the colonists' desire for American independence, while the dead rioters became martyrs for liberty.

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For years, Americans refused to buy British tea because it included a tax levied on tea drinkers, a thought that repulsed colonists who didn’t believe they should be taxed without a representative sitting in the British parliament to voice their concerns.

Instead, Americans bought tea smuggled into the colonies. But in May 1773, Parliament gave the East India Company a tea patent in America that also made British tea much cheaper than smuggled tea.

Three ships arrived with 342 chests of tea. A party of men dressed as Native Americans thrown out the tea chest’s contents into Boston Harbor, after the governor, Thomas Hutchinson, refused colonists’ demands for the ships to depart peacefully with their cargo empty.

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The Tea Act of 1773 was one among several measures imposed on the American colonists by the heavily indebted British government within the decade leading up to the American Revolutionary War. The act’s main purpose wasn't to boost revenue from the colonies, but to save the East Indian Company, a key factor within the British economy. British government granted the company a monopoly on the importation and sale of tea within the colonies. The colonists had never accepted the constitutionality of the duty on tea, and therefore the Tea Act regenerated their opposition to it. Their resistance culminated within the Boston Tea party on December 16, 1773.

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The Continental Congress was the governing body by which the American colonial governments coordinated their resistance to British rule during the first two years of the American Revolution. The Congress balanced the interests of the different colonies and established itself as the official colonial liaison to Great Britain. As the war progressed, the Congress became the effective national government of the country, and, as such, conducted diplomacy on behalf of the new United States.

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Lexington and Concord (April 18-19, 1775)

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Lexington and Concord (April 18-19, 1775)

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The British Army set out form Boston to capture rebel leaders Samuel Adams and John Hancock in Lexington as well as to destroy the Americans store of weapons and ammunition in Concord. The colonists were warned however, by riders including Paul Revere, that the British Army was approaching. Samuel Adams and John Hancock were able to escape, and the local militia was able to hide much of their ammunition and weapons.

·         Battle of Lexington

It was a very small fight. When the British arrived at Lexington there were only around 80 American militiamen in the town. They were led by Captain John Parker. They were against a much larger British force led by Major John Pitcairn. A gunshot went off from the Americans to the Britain and they attacked. Some colonists were killed others fled.

This gunshot was the first shot of the American Revolution.

·         Battle of Concord

After the Americans fled from Lexington the British marched to Concord. When they got there, they started searching for the hidden weapons and munitions. Americans waited and defeated the British troops on the North Bridge.

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On the night of June 16, 1775, a detail of American troops acting under orders from Artemas Ward moved out of their camp, carrying picks, shovels, and guns. They entrenched themselves on a rise located on Charleston Peninsula overlooking Boston. They wanted to reach to Bunker Hill.

From this hill, the rebels could bombard the town and British ships in Boston Harbor. But Ward's men misunderstood his orders. They went to Breed’s Hill by mistake and established themselves there closer to the British position.

The colonists lost this battle because they ran out of ammunition during the third attack and were forced to abandon their fort.

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Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776) 

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Declaration of Independence (July 4, 1776) 

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Is a document that was approved by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, and that announced the separation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain. It explained why the Congress on July 2 unanimously by the votes of 12 colonies (with New York abstaining) had resolved that “these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be Free and Independent States.” Accordingly, the day on which final separation was officially voted was July 2, although the 4th, the day on which the Declaration of Independence was adopted, has always been celebrated in the United States as the great national holiday the Fourth of July, or Independence Day.

The document was drafted by a committee made up of John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Roger Sherman, and Robert Livingston.

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Franco American Alliance (February 6, 1778)

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Franco American Alliance (February 6, 1778)

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An agreement by France to furnish critically needed military aid and loans to the 13 insurgent American colonies, often considered the turning point of the U.S war of Independence. Resentful over the loss of its North American empire after the French and Indian War, France welcomed the opportunity to undermine Britain’s position in the New World.

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The Treaty of Paris of 1783 formally ended the American Revolutionary War. American statesmen Benjamin Franklin, John Adams and John Jay negotiated the peace treaty with representatives of King George III of Great Britain. In the Treaty of Paris, the British Crown formally recognized American independence and ceded most of its territory east of the Mississippi River to the United States, doubling the size of the new nation and paving the way for westward expansion.

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Wallenfeldt, J. (s. f.). Timeline of the American Revolution. Britannica. Recuperado 29 de octubre de 2021, de https://www.britannica.com/list/timeline-of-the-american-revolution

The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. (2009–2021). A report on the reaction to the Stamp Act. Gilder Lehrman. Recuperado 5 de noviembre de 2021, de https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-resources/spotlight-primary-source/report-reaction-stamp-act-1765

The Boston Massacre. (1999–2021). UShistory.org. Recuperado 7 de noviembre de 2021, de https://www.ushistory.org/declaration/related/massacre.html

NCC Staff. (2020). On this day, the Boston Tea Party lights a fuse. 7/11/2005, de Constitution Daily Sitio web: https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/on-this-day-the-boston-tea-party-lights-a-fuse/

History.com Editors. (2019). Tea Act. 7/11/2021, de A&E Television Networks Sitio web: https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/tea-act

Continental Congress, 1774–1781. (s. f.). office of the historian. Recuperado 7 de noviembre de 2021, de https://history.state.gov/milestones/1776-1783/continental-congress

Ducksters. (2021). American Revolution: Battle of Lexington and Concord. Ducksters. Retrieved from https://www.ducksters.com/history/battle_of_lexington_and_concord.php

Trumbull, J. (s. f.). Bunker Hill BREED’S HILL. American Battlefield trust. Recuperado 7 de noviembre de 2021, de https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/bunker-hill

Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Declaration of Independence". Encyclopedia Britannica, 12 Feb. 2021, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Declaration-of-Independence. Accessed 7 November 2021.

Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Franco-American Alliance". Encyclopedia Britannica, 30 Jan. 2021, https://www.britannica.com/event/Franco-American-Alliance. Accessed 7 November 2021.

HISTORY.COM EDITORS. (2009, 13 noviembre). Treaty of Paris. HISTORY. Recuperado 7 de noviembre de 2021, de https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/treaty-of-paris

Biography.com Editores. (2014, 2 abril). Biography. Biography.com. Recuperado 7 de noviembre de 2021, de https://www.biography.com/us-president/john-adams

Wood, Gordon S. y Hornberger, Theodore. "Benjamin Franklin". Enciclopedia Británica, 13 abr. 2021, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-Franklin. Consultado el 7 de noviembre de 2021.

West, D. (2016, 13 abril). Thomas Jefferson: a brief biography. Apple Books. Recuperado 7 de noviembre de 2021, de https://books.apple.com/us/book/thomas-jefferson-a-short-biography/id1103420933

Britannica, Los editores de la enciclopedia. "Roger Sherman". Enciclopedia Británica, 19 de julio de 2021, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Roger-Sherman. Consultado el 7 de noviembre de 2021.

Britannica, Los editores de la enciclopedia. "Robert R. Livingston". Enciclopedia Británica, 22 de febrero de 2021, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-R-Livingston. Consultado el 7 de noviembre de 2021.

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John Adams was a direct descendant of the Puritan settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. He studied at Harvard University, where he received his bachelor's and master's degrees, and in 1758, he was admitted to the bar. In 1774, he served in the First Continental Congress and helped draft the Declaration of Independence. Adams became the first vice president of the United States and the second president

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Born on January 17 1706, in  Boston, Massachusetts.  American printer and publisher, author, inventor and scientist, and diplomat. One of the most important of the Founding Fathers, Franklin helped draft the Declaration of Independence and was one of its signatories, represented the United States in France during the American Revolution, and was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention.

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Born on April 13, 1743 in  Shadwell, Virginia. He is known fo being the third president of the United States. Jefferson first practiced law and served in government as a member of the House of Burgesses, later serving as a member of the Continental Congress, where he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Jefferson left Congress in 1776 and returned to Virginia to serve in the legislature, and then as Governor of Virginia for two years. He took a brief sabbatical until 1784, when he replaced Benjamin Franklin as minister to France.

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Born April 19, 1721, Newton, Massachusetts. American politician whose plan for the representation of states large and small avoided a stalemate at the 1787 United States Constitutional Convention.

Sherman's greatest service was rendered at the Constitutional Convention convened to remedy the shortcomings of the Articles of Confederation.

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Born on November 27, 1746, New York. Early American leader who served as a delegate to the Continental Congress, first secretary of the Department of Foreign Affairs (1781-83) and minister in France (1801-04).