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- great analysis
- concise, clear
- good use of sources

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A factor that can draw amphibious fish onto land is the need to breathe in air opposed to breathing oxygen from the water.

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Adaptation to being on land and thriving is a result of shifts in body weight percentage.

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An amphibious fish, when compared to a fish with more environment constrictions, would be seen as more fit. They have adapted and shifted their features, which can give them advantages such as a higher food rate, stronger limbs, and a potential way to escape predators.

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In this activity, I saw several different ways fish species have adapted their bodies to have the ability to transfer territories. They are morphed to fit certain necessities to be out of water, and that makes them that much stronger.

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https://www.nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Fish/Mangrove-Rivulus

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https://www.intelligentliving.co/fish-walking-on-land/

http://www.newyorktails.com/mudskippers.htm

https://owlcation.com/stem/Mudskippers-Fish-That-Can-Live-on-Land

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Mudskippers are amphibious fish that spend as much as 90% of their time on land. They have spent so much time out of the water that they've adapted how they move, breathe, and see on land.

Mudskippers have adapted 'shoulder' joints and pectoral fins, which allows them to walk, jump, swim and even climb on trees. These fins enable mudskippers to leap as high as two feet into the air. Their eyesight has improved to see better in the air than in water. For this reason, mudskippers dance on land to catch a partner's eye.

These odd fish are olive-brown colored, though some male species are covered with beautiful blue dotted markings. During the mating season, the males develop brightly colored spots on them to attract the females. The spots can be blue, red, and green.

Mudskippers also have frog-like, protruding eyes, that look like they disappear when they blink. When they blink, they keep their eyes moist by retracting their prominent eyes down into individual fluid-filled cups to prevent them from drying out. Mudskippers are actually the only known fish that can blink.

As the fish moves across the muddy surface, it eats worms, beetles, small fish, flies, mealworms, crickets, and small crustaceans. There are twenty-four species of mudskippers, and they are all distinctively adapted to live out of water. Some can spend as much as two days on land.

The amphibious fish can be found in mangrove ecosystems and mudflats of Southeast Asia to Northern Australia, East Africa, and Madagascar east through Bengal, southeast China, and southern Japan, to Samoa and Tonga Islands.

If you are interested in fish that walk on land, check out the Snakehead Fish that can breathe and move on land, while eating everything in its path.

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These Fish Spend 90% of Their Time Walking On Land

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Mudskippers are amphibious fish that spend as much as 90% of their time on land. They have spent so much time out of the water that they've adapted how they move, breathe, and see on land. Mudskippers have adapted 'shoulder' joints and pectoral fins, which allows them to walk, jump, swim and even climb on trees.

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https://a-z-animals.com/animals/lungfish/

https://www.futurity.org/african-lungfish-suspended-animation-981382/

https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/news/a-small-step-for-lungfish-a-big-step-for-the-evolution-of-walking

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The lungfish comes to surface every 3 to 5 minutes to inhale air, as it has true lungs. While underwater, they use their gills. On land, they will eat almost anything.

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B:What adaptation do they have to help them walk and live on land?

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B:What adaptation do they have to help them walk and live on land?

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The lungfish utilizes its entire body and its thin limbs to lift its body and travel. As air fills its lungs, the small and scrawny hind limbs are given the ability to lift the fish.

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C:What adaptation do they have to find (and live without) water?

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C:What adaptation do they have to find (and live without) water?

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Lungfish have a 3 to 5 year time period where they can be completely deprived of food and water. This process is called aestivation, and they wake back up when there is a water source available.

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These fish tend to feed on land during low tide, looking for insects, worms, and even smaller mudskippers. They retreat to the water to care for eggs, if they are drying out, to hide from predators, or if there is high tide.

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B:What adaptation do they have to help them walk and live on land?

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B:What adaptation do they have to help them walk and live on land?

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Mudskippers have several features that assist them with land walking, such as shoulder joints and pectoral fins, which help them to climb, jump and swim, and improved eyesight to be able to see on land.

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C:What adaptation do they have to find (and live without) water?

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C:What adaptation do they have to find (and live without) water?

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The mudfish has adapted to be able to breathe through their skin, and they have precise vision when in the air. They also retain water in their mouth before surfacing to keep their gills from sticking together, and supplying oxygen.

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The mangrove rivulus walks on land to capture insects, and goes back into the water to eat them. It also walks on land to rid nitrogen from the skin.

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B:What adaptation do they have to help them walk and live on land?

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B:What adaptation do they have to help them walk and live on land?

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These fish have a specific tail fin to help them flip onto land from water. Their gills and skin also help them to breathe in both habitats.

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C:What adaptation do they have to find (and live without) water?

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C:What adaptation do they have to find (and live without) water?

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These fish can survive up to two months without water, which can help them in the period where they move and don't have water access. They are usually found around and in stagnant pools.