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c. 2700 BCE: Traditional Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture

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c. 2700 BCE: Traditional Chinese Medicine & Acupuncture

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Acupuncture originated in ancient China over 4,700 years ago. The earliest evidence comes from stone needles found in archaeological sites. The practice is based on the concept of Qi (life energy) flowing through meridians in the body. The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine, written around 100 BCE, remains a foundational text for acupuncture theory and practice.

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c. 2330 BCE: Reflexology in Ancient Egypt

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c. 2330 BCE: Reflexology in Ancient Egypt

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Evidence of reflexology practices can be traced back to ancient Egypt, depicted in tomb paintings at Saqqara. The tomb of Ankhmahor shows scenes of hand and foot massage therapy. Ancient Egyptians believed that applying pressure to specific points on the feet and hands could promote healing and balance throughout the body.

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c. 3000 BCE: Aromatherapy in Ancient Egypt

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c. 3000 BCE: Aromatherapy in Ancient Egypt

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The ancient Egyptians were pioneers in aromatherapy, using essential oils and aromatic plants for religious ceremonies, medicine, and mummification. They developed sophisticated distillation techniques and created perfumes and medicinal preparations. Frankincense, myrrh, and cedarwood were particularly valued for their therapeutic properties.

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c. 1500 BCE: Hypnotic Healing in Ancient Egypt

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c. 1500 BCE: Hypnotic Healing in Ancient Egypt

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Ancient Egyptian papyri describe sleep temples where priests used hypnotic techniques for healing. The Edwin Smith Papyrus and Ebers Papyrus contain references to trance-like states used for medical treatment. These early forms of hypnotherapy were often combined with religious rituals and were believed to connect patients with healing deities.

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Early 20th Century: Modern Reiki in Japan

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Early 20th Century: Modern Reiki in Japan

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Reiki was developed by Mikao Usui in Japan in 1922. After a 21-day retreat on Mount Kurama, Usui claimed to have received the ability to heal through palm healing. He established the Usui Reiki Ryoho Gakkai and began teaching this energy healing method. The practice combines Buddhist and Shinto beliefs with hands-on healing techniques.

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c. 4000 BCE: Ayurvedic Aromatherapy in India

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c. 4000 BCE: Ayurvedic Aromatherapy in India

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Ancient India developed sophisticated aromatherapy practices as part of Ayurvedic medicine. The Rigveda mentions over 700 aromatic substances used for healing. Sandalwood, jasmine, and rose were commonly used. Indian practitioners developed the concept of using specific scents to balance the three doshas (vata, pitta, kapha) for optimal health.

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c. 2000 BCE: Reflexology in Ancient China

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c. 2000 BCE: Reflexology in Ancient China

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Ancient Chinese medicine included pressure point therapy similar to modern reflexology. The 'Examining Foot Method' was documented in traditional Chinese medical texts. Practitioners believed that applying pressure to specific points on the feet could affect corresponding organs and systems throughout the body, promoting healing and balance.

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18th Century: Modern Hypnotherapy in Austria

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18th Century: Modern Hypnotherapy in Austria

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Franz Anton Mesmer developed 'animal magnetism' in Vienna, which became the foundation for modern hypnotherapy. Though his magnetic theories were later discredited, his techniques of inducing trance states for therapeutic purposes laid the groundwork for clinical hypnosis. His work influenced later pioneers like James Braid who coined the term 'hypnosis'.