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These sentence starters are optional and are here to help you frame your thinking; but again, only if you need them.

Character 1: The theme topic of ___ is present in [character name]'s story because...

In the text it states, "___"

Character 2: The theme topic of ___ is present in [character name]'s story because...

In the text it states, "___"

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of ___ because...

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These sentence starters are optional and are here to help you frame your thinking; but again, only if you need them.

Character 1: The theme topic of ___ is present in [character name]'s story because...

In the text it states, "___"

Character 2: The theme topic of ___ is present in [character name]'s story because...

In the text it states, "___"

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of ___ because...

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Based on our work yesterday, we defined four theme topics from throughout our novel:

1. Humanity

2. War

3. Change over time

4. Refugees

Today you will choose one theme topic to focus on. Using the passages related to the theme topic, you will then make connections across the three stories related to that theme topic.

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These sentence starters are optional and are here to help you frame your thinking; but again, only if you need them.

Character 1: The theme topic of ___ is present in [character name]'s story because...

In the text it states, "___"

Character 2: The theme topic of ___ is present in [character name]'s story because...

In the text it states, "___"

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of ___ because...

# data[].attributes.body
These sentence starters are optional and are here to help you frame your thinking; but again, only if you need them.

Character 1: The theme topic of ___ is present in [character name]'s story because...

In the text it states, "___"

Character 2: The theme topic of ___ is present in [character name]'s story because...

In the text it states, "___"

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of ___ because...

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The Theme topic of Humanity is present in Josef´s story because in his story when Josef and some other passengers want to get out of there they make a plan to take the captain hostage and Captain Schroeder asked them that he could send them back to concentration camps which means that Humanity in Josef´s story is cruel. In The Text It States ¨Well have to hold you as hostages Josef said They'll have to do as we say. If i do i can assure you that you will most certainly be taken back to Germany. And You know what that means.  ¨

The Theme topic of Humanity is present in Isabel´s story because Lito Isabel´s Grandpa was a cuban police officer when WWll happend and there was a ship had that had German Refugees and he had told them to leave which means that he had told them to leave cuba and that they would die. In the text it states ¨¨The Jewish people on the ship were seeking asylum, Just Like us. They needed a place to hide from Hitler. We Sent them back to Europe and Hitler and the Holocaust. Back To Their Deaths.¨

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of Humanity and Refugees because in the book it shows information why Humanity in 1939 was bad because Hitler would kill any jew in germany or torture them. and why Humanity was bad in Litos time period because they didn't want to fight Hitler and the Nazis

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Character 1: The theme topic of Humanity is present in Josef's story because Josef and some other man the crew and the caption as took hostages. and this shows that humanity would do anything and I mean anything just to get their ways with out thinking of the consonances.
In the text it states, ¨ We´ll hold you here as hostages Josef said. ¨ They'll have to do as we say!¨ Even Josef was surprised he´d spoken up. But his words seemed to put a little more steel back in the mutineers resolve¨.

Character 2: The theme topic of humanity is present in Mahmoud's story because it shows the appeased of people that would do things kindly in other ways instead of doing it with violence.
In the text it states, "They only see us when we do something they dont like, he thought again. ¨ Welcome to Austria!¨ one of the Austrians said in heavily accented Arabic, and other yelled ¨Willkommen¨".

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of Humanity because in Character 1 it shows the worst in humanity and in the other one is shows the good things that come along in humanity.

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Character 1: the theme topic of Refugees is present in Mahmoud's story because he had to go to so many places and most of them didn't want his kind in their countries.

In the text it states "After you have beaten me? Locked my family up like common Criminals?"

Character 2: The theme topic of Refugees is present in Isabel because when she arrived at the Bahamas, she and her family weren't allowed on the Bahamas, and if they land there they would be sent back to Cuba.

In the text it states "I'm sorry the officer said " you're not allowed to land the Bahamas Law forbids the entrance of illegal aliens to the Bahamas. If you set foot on Bahamian soil, you will be taken into custody and Returned to your country of origin."

These two Stories are connected through the theme topic of Refugees because Isabel and Mahmoud got into a country that didn't want them, and that didn't their kind in their country

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Character 1: The theme topic of War is present in Josef's story because Josef's mom had to give up the things she most cherished.
In the text it states, "Earrings. The diamond earrings Josef's father had bought her for their anniversary one year. Josef remembered Papa giving them to her. Remembered the smile on Mama's face, the light in her eyes, both long gone now. "
Character 2: The theme topic of War is present in Isabel's story because she also had to give up her trumpet she got as a gift so she could use gasoline to leave Cuba and help the Castillo's complete the boat.
In the text it states, "I need gasoline!" Isabel Told him "Izzat so? I need money." "I don't have money," Isabel said. "But I have this." She held out the trumpet. Isabel regretted that its brass was a little famished, but it was the most valuable thing she owned. The fisherman had to take it in trade."
These two stories are connected through the theme topic of War because during the terror of the war, the refugees had to leave. So they at times gave up the things they loved, so they can leave and be safe.

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Chara 1: The theme topic of humanity is present in Mahmoud's story because sometimes humanity could be bad, or it could be good. In most cases, it's bad, to the point when you receive a sort of kindness, you end up thinking it's a joke,, or they have the wrong person. In Mahmoud's story he doesn't believe that he got that amount of kindness from the people of Austria. When kindness is genuine, and you receive something so big, you might begin to cry, as Mahmoud almost did. Some cases like this, the people give you genuine kindness, going from heart to another heart. In the text it states, "Actually applauded them. Mahmoud looked around to Waleed, who was as stunned as Mahmoud. Was there some mistake? Did these people think they were something other than Syrian refugees?" On Mahmoud's story, all he suffered, discrimination, almost being killed multiple times, and now he's receiving genuine kindness from people of Austria. They were being pointed at with a gun, someone who they trusted was going to take him to Austria.

Chara 2: The theme topic of humanity is present in Josef's story because he was treated like a nobody, a piece of trash. All he had to experience, being betrayed by his old school friends, all because he was Jewish and Hitler forced "real Germans" to be Nazi soldiers, to help him. Schroeder, he/made is army invade(d) their room. In which, Josef had to experience more pain when his father said "You promised they wouldn't come for me." So much more pain, as they had to go back near Germany, soon after, Josef had to be transported to a concentration camp, since he sacrificed himself for his sister's sake.
In the text it states, "Josef steamed. He did know what that meant, but did Captain Schroeder really know? How many Germans really understood what was happening in the concentration camps? Josef knew, because his papa told him. Had shown him when he jumped overboard and tried to kill himself." Humanity in his case, was only bad. Again, most cases are like this. To the point, you don't believe the kindness you get when you're being treated the way you treat other people.

Connection: These two stories are connected through the theme topic of humanity because everyone really goes through both, whether it's bad or good, you get used to it. Your mind makes you think this kindness isn't real, until you realize, it is. Bad can cause you to go insane, you don't believe the kindness you're receiving. Good, the people won't understand as much how it feels to be pained, so they might go even crazier, just like both Mahmoud's and Josef's family ended up.

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The theme topic of Change over time is present in Josefs story because Josef had to change into the grownup and had to start taking action for their survival. In the text it states ''Suddenly Josef saw what he had to . He slapped his father across the face. Hard. Papa staggered in surprise and Josef felt just as shocked as his father looked''. This shows Josef having to slap his father so that the doctor doesn't see that hes a maniac which then wont let him be let into Cuba.

The theme topic Change over time is present in Isabel's story because Lito previously helped not let in Jewish people into Cuba and that changed him into now sacrificing himself so his family can make it to America. In the text it states '' I kept waiting for things to get better. For the bright promise of tomorrow. But a funny thing happened while I was waiting for the world to change. It didnt. Because I didnt change it'' This shows Litos realization that in the past things didnt get better because he wasnt doing anything to make it better.

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of change over time because Josef had to change into a man/grownup for his family and Lito had to learn from his past and sacrifice himself for his family. So in conclusion both Lito and Josef had to change for their family.

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Character 1: The theme topic of Change over time is present in Josef's story because he had changed to a man into an adult, he was the grown up in the family he was the one who was taking care of his mom and sister, he was the one who calmed his dad that was going crazy so they the doctor wont suspect anything so that they don't have to go back to Germany.

In the text it states "Suddenly, Josef saw what he had to do. He slapped his father across the face. Hard."  And it also says "But in the past six months, Josef and his father had traded places. Papa was the one acting like a child, and Josef was the adult "

Character 2: The theme topic of Change over time is present in Mahmoud's story because he was the one that was saving one of his siblings Hana. Hana was just a baby and from where Mahmoud and his mother where she would have died in the frezing cold ocean.

In the text it states "You're still alive, and so is your little sister, somewhere. I know it. You saved her. And together we'ill find her, yes? I promise. We'll find her and bring her home."

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of Change over time because Josef has now changed to a man into an adult so that him and his family can go to Cuba and not be sent back to Germany. Mahmoud has always been quiet and now he had to change and start talking so that Hana can be safe and not die in the frezing cold water for two hours.

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Character 1: The theme topic of Humanity is present in Isabel's story because as Mariano was a Police Officer who had sent a whole boat of Jewish Refugees to Europe near where they started, back to their deaths, just because he was doing his job.
In the text it states, "Don't you see?' Lito said. " The Jewish people on the ship were seeking asylum, just like us. They needed a place to Hide from Hitler . From the Nazis. Manana, We told them. We'll let you in Manana. But we never did." Lito was crying now, distraught. "We sent them back to Europe and Hitler and the Holocaust Back to their deaths, How many of them died because we turned them away? Because I was just doing my job?"
Character 2: The theme topic of Humanity is present in Mahmoud's story because when he arrived in Austria he thought they would think he was different, weird, and terrorists but they were welcoming, kind, supportive. Mahmoud thought they would be different as in mean because others on their journey were like that. The Austrians saw how they were struggling and decided to help unlike others who were disgusted.
In the text it states, "Welcome to Austria!" one of the Austrians said in heavily accented Arabic, and others yelled "Willkommen!" and applauded them. Mahmoud looked around at Walled, who was as stunned as Mahmoud. Was there some mistake? Did these people think they were something other than Syrian refugees?"
These two stories are connected through the theme topic of  humanity because it could go in both ways as in Lito he learned and realized from what he did and made it up, stood up for his family so that they could live the Manana that some Jewish never lived. And Mahmoud, he noticed that not all people could be cruel  but could also be understanding, helpful, and supportive. We just got to look for the right ones.

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The theme topic of War is present in Josef's story because Josef´s mom had to pick who to live and who to go to the concentration camps with her and she didn't want Ruthie and Josef to die because those were her children and she had to give the nazis Earrings in ruthies jacket that cost al ot. In the text it states, "Wait! Wait! I have jewelry Diamonds. She yanked at Ruthies coat pulling it over her head. Mama what are you doing Ruthie cried. Josefs mother had ripped at the seams the way his father had when hed rent his garments for old professer weilerd on the ship. But thats all i have left. The Nazi soldier smiled at Josef´s Mother You chose."

The theme topic of War is present in Isabel's story because Isabel had to give her trumpet for gas because Her family and the Castillos wanted to get out of cuba when they had the chance now that Castro let them leave. In the text it states, "Izzat so? I need money. I dont have money Isabel said. But i have this She held out her trumpet. It was the most valuable thing she owned. The Fisherman had to take it in."

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of War because Josef Mother had to make a sacrafice which was tough which proves that War can affect others in a bad way. and In Isabel she had had to make a sacrifce to sell her trumpet which she loved most to get out of Cuba because it was dangerous.

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The theme topic of refugees is present in Isabel's story because she was a refugee who had left Cuba and was heading to the U.S but her boat got caught into a storm that ended up pushing her towards the Bahamas. When Isabel arrived to the Bahamas the officers forbid them from being able to enter the land since it was illegal for them to touch the Bahamian soil.
In the text it states, " I'm sorry, the officer said. But you are not allowed to land. Bahamian law forbids the entrance of illegal aliens to the Bahamas."

The theme topic refugees is present in Mahmoud's story because he had to go through different countries to get to Germany and every time Mahmoud and his family would get treated badly by the soldiers because they were refugees.
In the text it states, "I wouldn't live in this awful country even if it was made of gold! The policeman filled in an answer on a form. Then you will be sent back to Serbia, he said without looking up at them. "

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of refugees because it shows how they are treated by other countries. They have to face struggles while they are escaping from their home land. They either get rejected by other countries and treated badly or they may get accepted but to be able to get accepted they have to face obstacles.

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The Theme Topic of change over time is present in Josef´s story because Josef had to become a adult now that his father was acting childish and was ill and his mother could handle taking care of Ruthie and Aaron by her self. In the text it states ¨Suddenly Josef saw what he had to do He slapped his father across the face. Hard Papa staggerd in suprise and Josef felt just as shocked as his father look.¨

The Theme Topic of change over time is present in Isabel´s story because In Isabel´s story he had sent jews back to europe and now he had realised that he had sent all of them to their deaths which caused him to start and wishing that he had never done that. ¨ I see it now Chabela. All of it the past the present the future. All of my life i kept waiting for things to get better ¨.

These two stores are connected through the theme topic of change over time because Josef had to because the adult to take care of his family. and Lito had realized the mistake he had done by sending the Jewish People Back to europe.

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Character 1: The theme topic of war is present in Josef's story because there was a group called Nazi and basically they were in charged of Germany and they hated Jewish people so they kicked them out of Germany. The Jewish people got rejected by countries and Josef had to let his father go. Later on a group of countries decided they could come into their countries. The Jewish people were put into groups and Josef's family got France, Germany invaded France and Josef and his mother died and left Josef's sister alone by herself. This means that war can do massive damage because of many deaths and land, and buildings destroyed. In the text it states, "Eight months after that, Germany invaded France, and Josef and his mother and sister were on the run again." "One of Rachel Landau's children would go free, and one of her children would go into the camps." "The Nazi soldier smiled at Josef's mother." "You choose."

Character 2: The theme topic of war is present in Mahmoud's story because there has been a war going on for ages, many homes were destroyed. Many Syrians left to find somewhere better, many Syrian refugees had to face many challenges. During their time in the ocean Mahmoud had to give up her little sister to a stranger so she doesn't die. Everything had been better. until they were put into prison with other Syrian refugees. they were treated like real criminals because the Hungarian hated them.  They escaped and when they were in Austria they were being treated nicely. Later they have made it into Germany and they can now live peacefully but it wasn't easy. This means war can leave a big hole in many people's lives because everybody wasn't the same anymore. In the text it states, "Stay here? In Hungry" After you have beaten me? Locked my family up like common criminals?" "You're still alive, and so is your little sister, somewhere." "And together we'll find her, yes? I promise. We'll find her and bring her home."

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of war because many people will never be the same after the war. War caused many deaths and left people heart broken.

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Character 1: The theme topic of War is present in Josef's story because Josef's mom had to give up the her last thing that had most value to try and survie.
In the text it states, "Earrings. The diamond earrings Josef's father had bought her for their anniversary one year. Josef remembered Papa giving them to her. Remembered the smile on Mama's face, the light in her eyes, both long gone now. "

Character 2:The theme topic of War is present in Mahmoud´s story because he was to give up his frinedship and start being invisible.So he would not get bullid or get hurt.
In the text it states, "It was nothing they ever said to each other, just something they each came to understand, and within a year they had drifted apart, not even speaking to each other as the passed in the hall."
These two stories are connected through the theme topic of War because during the terror of the war, the refugees had to leave and give up the things that had value to them.Josef´s mom gave to earings and Mahmoud gave up of his friendship.

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Character 1: The theme topic of change over time is present in Josef's story because during time passes by Josef has wanted to grow up and take charge. When he slapped his father across the face he noticed how it felt like to be grown up and make own decisions. He helped out his mother by taking care of Ruthie and Aaron because she couldn't do it alone.
In the text it states, "Josef saw what he had to do. He slapped his father across the face. Hard. Papa staged in surprise, and Josef felt just as shocked as his father looked. Josef couldn't believe what he'd just done."
Character 2: The theme topic of change over time is present in Isabel's story because since time passes by Lito had realized that what he has done was wrong and he wanted to make up for it by releasing himself and having the nerve to throw himself in the water. For all the people that he sent back, he sent himself back to Cuba just like how he sent the Cuban Refugees that were sent to Europe back to their deaths. Now he noticed that the only way the world could change is if he made it change, by going back and standing up for those who have suffered he will not make the same mistake twice.
In the text it states, "I see it now, Chabela. All of it. The past, the present, the future. All my life, I kept waiting for things to get better. For the bright promise of manana But funny thing happened while I was waiting for the world to change, Chabela: It didn't. Because I didn't change it. I'm not going to make the same mistake twice. Take care of your mother and baby brother for me."
These two stories are connected through the theme topic of change over time because during the passing of time they realized what they had to do in order for things to get better. Josef had to slap his father across the face so the doctor knows that they are safe to go inside of the U.S, Lito had to go back to make up for his mistake he made years ago, to make it better for people in the future.

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The theme topic of refugee is present in Isabel´s story because she is a Cuban refugee that left her country with her family because they did not like the way that they were being treated. she had to travel on a small boat with her family. Eventually they got to the Bahamas but were not allowed to stay their. In the text it states, ¨ Had the storm really taken them far of course? ¨I´m sorry,¨ the officer said but you are not allowed to land. Bahamian law forbids the entrance of illegal aliens to the Bahamas.¨

The theme topic of refugee is present in Mahmoud´s story because he had to leave his country and travel to many places. Some of the places that he traveled in would not accept him and his family to stay. In the text it states, ¨When Mahmoud and his Father got to the front of their line, a man in a blue uniform asked them if they wanted to claim asylum in Hungary. Stay here? In Hungary? after you have beaten me ? locked my family up like common criminals?¨

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of refugee because they both left their country with their family and are both refugees.

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The theme topic of Change over Time is present in Josef's story because we see how Josef's father changes over time. His behavior and mood has changed since he left the camps.
In the text it states, "Do you want the Nazis to catch you? Do you want them to send you back to that place? Josef hissed at Papa. I-No, his father said, still dazed”

The theme topic of Change over Time is present in Mahmoud's story because overtime he had to become a man, a father figure. He's the one making more complex decisions just like when Mahmoud decided that Hana had to go with the group of people so that she could go somewhere safe.
In the text it states, "You're still alive, and so is your little sister, somewhere I know it. You saved her."

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of Change over Time because Josef and Mahmoud started to take the role of a parent, their parents couldn't take it anymore. They were gone. War had affected their families in several ways. Their lives changed over time, these certain events will make up the person they are in the future.

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The theme topic of Humanity is present in Isabel's story because in Isabel's story Lito is Isabel's grandpa and as we learn later in the book. We learn that he was an officer back then and he was still an officer when the ST. Louis arrived in Cuba which means that he must have seen and interacted with the Landaus at some point and in the near end of the book Litos name is confirmed  to be Mariano which was a name of an officer in Josef's story . From lito we learn that he holds regret for not being able to help any of the Jewish people on board the boat and that there was plenty room for all of them but none were allowed in and so lito felt deep regret for this and told Isabel that nothing will change until you yourself change  . I know this because in the text it states , "Don't you see ? Lito said . The Jewish people on the ship were just seeking asylum ,Just like us .They needed a place to hide from Hitler From the Nazis Manana we told them . We''ll let you in manana . But we never did ,Lito was crying , in distraught.  " , "I see it now chabela , .All of it . The past . The present . the future  .All my life i kept waiting for things to get better .For the bright side of Manana . But a funny thing happened while i was waiting for the world to change ,Chabela: It didn't because i didn't change it ."

Character 2 :  The theme topic of Humanity is present in Mahmoud's story because when Mahmoud and other refugees and his family get to Austria they are actually treated like humans , they are not treated like garbage anymore by other people , because these Austrians saw the struggle that these refugees where going through and they opened up to help them , They changed to help people , something that the other people from the previous countries Mahmoud and his family visited did not do . in the text it states ¨Welcome to Austria!" one of the Austrians said in heavily accented Arabic, and others yelled "Willkommen!" and applauded them. Mahmoud looked around at Walled, who was as stunned as Mahmoud. Was there some mistake? Did these people think they were something other than Syrian refugees?"¨ .

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of humanity because in both of these stories it shows the Austrian's in Mahmoud's story , and lito in Isabel's story to realize that refugees are human and deserve to be respected and treated as such because they already have to suffer with not having enough money to leave where they are disrespected just because they are seeking asylum . In thee stories Lito realized that because he was doing his job that he was putting the Jewish refugees in danger as Cuba did not allow them despite having room for them and so he learned that he should have done something to let them in because later it would be known that not many survived . In Mahmoud's story the Austrians saw the Syrians struggle and they opened up unlike others in the countries Mahmoud was in , and saw how hard these Syrians traveled and how long it took so they decided to welcome them as they saw how much of a struggle they went through which made the Syrian refugees happy as they were never seen as actual humans but just people who invaded countries which made people treat the differently .

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Character 1: the theme topic of Refugees present in Mahmoud's story because he had to go to lots of places and in most of those places they were treated like animals and most of them didn't want his people in their countries.

In the text it states "After you have beaten me? Locked my family up like common Criminals?"

Character 2: The theme topic of Refugees is present in Isabel because when she arrived at the Bahamas, she and her family weren't allowed on the Bahamas, and if they land there they would be sent back to Cuba and her mom was pregnant.

In the text it states
"Bahamas Law forbids the entrance of illegal aliens to the Bahamas. If you set foot on Bahamian soil, you will be taken into custody and Returned to your country of origin."

These two Stories are connected through the theme topic of Refugees because Isabel and Mahmoud got into a country that didn't want them.

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Character 1
The theme topic of refugees is present in mahmouds story because when mahmoud and his family were traveling around to so many countries for asylum and they went through so much along the way to get to safety

In the text it states ¨a man in a blue uniform asked them if they wanted to claim asylum in Hungary.¨stay here? in Hungary? after you have beaten me? locked my family up like criminals¨

Character 2 : The theme topic of refugees is present in josef´s story because no one really wanted the people on the st Louis and because no country was willing to help. he was sent back and died

In the text it states ¨Cuban government has ordered us to leave harbor by tomorrow , leave by tomorrow josef thought  and go where? what about his father?¨

These two stories are connected through the theme topic of refugees because they both where not really wanted  by other countries and had to move around to many places

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Character 1: The theme topic of war is present in Mahmoud´s  story Because in Mahmoud´s story Mahmoud´s little brother had to give up his toys and the things he loved.  In the text it states something like, " He had to leave all his toys behind ¨ and then Mahmoud got him new toys when they got to where they were traveling to.
Character 2: The theme topic of War is present in Josef ´ s story because in Josef ´ s story his mom had to give up everything she loved and a lot of big useful things, In the text it states, " "Earrings. The diamond earrings Josef's father had bought her for their anniversary one year. Josef remembered Papa giving them to her. Remembered the smile on Mama's face, the light in her eyes, both long gone now. " These two stories are connected through the theme topic of War because they both had to give up things that they loved and cared about like their own houses.

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andry - Character 1 : the theme topic of war is presented in josefs story is that josefs mother had to decide on who lives and who goes to the concertration camp . To add , josefs mom had told the nazis that she had earrings that are worth a lot in the text it states that  she said ¨ wait , wait i have diamond earrings ¨ . The nazi soldier had smiled at her and told her to decide who goes to the camp and who does not go .

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andry - Character 1 : the theme topic of war is presented in josefs story is that josefs mother had to decide on who lives and who goes to the concertration camp . To add , josefs mom had told the nazis that she had earrings that are worth a lot in the text it states that  she said ¨ wait , wait i have diamond earrings ¨ . The nazi soldier had smiled at her and told her to decide who goes to the camp and who does not go .

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The theme topic of war is presented in isabel´s story is that she had to give away her instrament for gas so her family and the castillos could get out of cuba in the text it states ¨i have this she held out her trumpet ¨ . also , they wanted to leave  because castro had offerd them to leave .

these 2 storys had a connection because they both had to give up something they loved . For example isabel had to give away her trumpet so she can save her family , and josef mother had to make a tough choice for her and her family .

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The theme topic of War is present in Josef's story because josefs mom had to decide who she tried to choose go to concentration camp and who stays but it was a hard situation because she loved both her children. In the text it states, "i think there is only enough freedom for one of youre children.
The theme topic of war is present in mahmouds story because mahmoud had always tried to be invisible so in situations where he doesnt want to be seen he will act like hes not there. In the text it states, "that when mahmoud and kalid had learned how valueble it was to be invisible. mahmoud stayed in the classroom all day, never going to the bathroom or the playground".
These two stories are connected through the theme of the topic war because they both had gone through difficult or just times they didnt want to be in the place there in like mahmoud would say hes invisible just to not be seen and josef and his family left there country because they had too.