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Assalamualaikum and Hi, I am Aiman Ashraf Bin Abdul Raof,
A student of Bachelor of Accounting in IIUM Gombak Campus. This padlet will be my reflective blog/journal for the SCSH 1201 subject which will include what I got, learned or searched for during class.

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Our lecturer, Prof Suhaimi held a face to face meeting nearby KICT Cafe and showed us the surroundings while giving us brief introduction of the subject and the course plan. He showed us a building which was a charity by the Saudi Arabia. He also showed us the MKitchen Cafe. MKitchen is a project which distributes food to the people or the asnaf and sometimes sell foods at a cheaper price than the market price. The KICT had a very peaceful environment and a very clean cafe. It was very a nice place to study as the buildings looks new compared to other Kuliyyah's buildings. After walking around the KICT building, I realized how a our surroundings may affect our mood. For example, the area in KICT is clean, it calms me as the morning breeze drifts through me. I think this might boost my efficiency during class as calm mind helps focus and memorization.

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Week 2 - Islam and Sustainable Development

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Week 2 - Islam and Sustainable Development

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To Muslims, sustainable development is not a new concept since the Quran and Hadith provide the framework for spiritual and physical welfare for humanity.

There are many teachings that can relate to this. For example, Islam teaches all humans are equal, regardless of class, race or nationality. In addition, doing things that can bring harm to oneself is strictly prohibited in Islam and Muslims also need to pay Zakat, which causes circulation of wealth for the needy.

Furthermore, humans should not causes corruption in the earth, as Allah says in surah Al Qasas 28:77. Causing harm to the nature will eventually affect humans. To be precise, people that causes water to pollute will cause others that need to use the water to not be able to use it.

Since Islamic teachings promotes the well-being of humans and also nature, it is somewhat related to the Sustainable Development Goals. Both of them are striving to achieve the social, economic and environmental welfares.

As a Muslim, striving for betterment of not only myself, but also others using the way that can sustain and not harm others is very important in order to attain the blessings of Allah SWT.
If oneself were to find benefits that can also be a benefits to others, but they keep it within themselves, they will be questioned by Allah SWT in the Hereafter. And if they share a benefits that is good for other but somewhat brings harm is also prohibited.

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Week 3 - Maqasid Shariah and Sustainable Development

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Week 3 - Maqasid Shariah and Sustainable Development

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Maqasid Shariah

Maqasid al-Shariah has five objectives, sustainability of five things, life, faith, mind, property and lineage. Ensuring the sustenance of these five things are a duty of a Muslim. These five objectives are quite compatible to the 5Ps of SDGs, each of them are for the wellbeing of humanity not only in the present but also for the future generations and preventing harm on others.

Spirituality as Foundation of Sustainable Development

A spiritual person as the khalifah of Allah is assigned the duty to develop life on earth according to the divine guidance. They are required to approach natural resources with humility and work together with fellow humans for safe, peaceful and bountiful environment to establish a virtuous society and civilisation.

As a conclusion, both SDG agenda and Maqasid Shariah promotes human well being and preventing harm on others. Both Islam and SDG strive for balance in economy, environment and the people and also sustainable for the use of upcoming generations.

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We had a face to face meeting at the IIUM Gallery. There are several observation that I have made during my visit in the IIUM Gallery.

Firstly, the ratio of male to female students from the past, which are different from nowadays. In the early 90s, the majority of the students in each course are males while presently, some of the course have more female students than male students. From this observation, it can be concluded that there are equality among students as any institution should not discriminate any kind of people and give fair opportunity to join them.

Next, the IIUM Alumni Chapters have been made in many countries around the globe, fitting the name of an international university. This means not only achieving partnership for the goals but also providing quality education for people outside of Malaysia.

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Week 5 - Sejahtera as Local Concept of Sustainable Development

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Week 5 - Sejahtera as Local Concept of Sustainable Development

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Sejahtera: Peaceful and prosperous, happy and peaceful, protected from disaster.
A sejahtera society is any society that has the above characteristics.

In Islamic perspective, sejahtera is related with the principles of Iman, Ibadah, good deeds, Akhlak, Taqwa and Ihsan. It is the certainty, vision and the deeds to achieve true happiness that lasts for eternity in the hereafter. This is closely related to belief in the hereafter and God's judgement  for the behaviour and the way of life of His servants.

The Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan also promotes the capability to achieve Kesejahteraan Diri which means a balanced and harmonious individuals so that they are able to contribute to betterment of family, society and nation.

This balanced individuals can be built through proper education, discipline and practices either in lower education or higher level education, which somehow relates to one of the SDG, Quality Education and also Islamic teachings. Islam promotes the importance of education for human beings so that they can bring out their full potential as a khalifah in this world.

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Week 6 - Roles of University and Sustainable Development

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Week 6 - Roles of University and Sustainable Development

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Malaysian education is continuous effort towards developing a balanced individuals that are harmonious intellectually, spiritually and physically based on belief and obedience to God.
It is university's duty to teach the Sustainable Development Goals so that they can contribute to the achievement of the SDGs through teaching, research, community engagement, non-academic services, and management practices.
They may do research to provide solutions to answer global problems since some of the problems happening in the past years are getting worse and worse. This calls for a need for a sustainable development. One of the major problem is climate change. This problem threatens the food production which primarily caused by burning fossil fuels.

Post-COVID Higher Education and Sustainable Development
Covid-19 opened few opportunities in the education sector. Remote teaching and online learning accelerated the speed of digitalization in the education sector. As a result, the digital literacy among students, teachers and parents had increased. The pandemic has tested the adaptability of education systems in developing countries that overcome the situation. However, this will rise the problem of health issues in the long run due to extensive use of gadgets in the long run. In addition, students or families might have suffered from Covid, which might giving rise to psychological problems.

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Week 7 - Challenges to Sustainable Development

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Week 7 - Challenges to Sustainable Development

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In achieving sustainable development, there are many challenges faced which can be categorized into three different aspects, social, economic and environmental aspect.
It is also important to note that sustainable development is equally valid in developing countries and developed countries. This is because developed countries might be developed but it does not mean they are sustainable.
Some of the challenges are:
1. Lack of financial resources to carry out sustainable development plans
2. Natural occurences
3. Governmental conflicts
4. Corruption,
and many more.

However, we can break these down into three main challenges- instability, implementation and governance.

I) Instability
- conflicts between nations
- this includes financial crisis or political turmoil in some countries and problem caused by changing climate conditions

II) Implementation
- translating development aims and targets into local level programmes.
- lack of good data, local indicators, tools and methods in executing the goals.

III) Governance
- A good governance is the manner in which the power is exercised in the management of a country's economic and social resources for development.
- In simple words, people with power, be it the king, president or prime minister of a nation should use their power to manage the resources of their country for development.

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Week 8 - Roles of Institution for Sustainable Development

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Week 8 - Roles of Institution for Sustainable Development

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Partnership and Goals is about strengthening and streamlining cooperation between nation states using SDGs as a shared framework and vision for defining collaborative way forward.

UN Sustainable Development Group (UNSDG) serves as a high level forum for joint policy and decision-making that guides, supports, tracks and oversees the coordination of development operation in 162 countries and territories.

Institutions must have the capability to address needs and problems by getting essential information and disseminating it among required sectors of the economy.
Institutions should also give citizens a voice and respond to their feedback and also fostering learning.
Their role is to plan, implement and monitor key development policies to reduce unintended implications.

Also, financial institutions have few important roles to play in achieving sustainability. Firstly, they must expand their mission from prioritizing profit maximization to vision of social and environmental sustainability.

Malaysian Institutional Framework for Sustainable Development consists of five working committee; inclusivity, well-being, human capital, environment & natural resources, economic growth. Each of these committee will be represented by members from UN agencies, private sector, NGOs, CSOs and academia.

Localizing SDGs and 2030 Development Agenda
- Localization relates both to how the SGDs can provide framework for local development policy and how local and regional governments can support the achievement of SDGs through action from the bottom up.

some of the Challenges in Localizing SDGs are,
- capacities are lacking at the local level
- relevance to local challenges can be perceived to low
- lack of connection with local council leaders leads to a lack of ownership of local issues

In conclusion, institutions plays an important role in implementing and localizing the SDGs agenda, however, just because there are institutions to achieve sustainability, does not mean individuals should do nothing. Instead, individuals can do what they are able, to atleast attain the sustainable development for their families, if not for their society so that they might be able to contribute a little in attaining Sustainable Development Goals.