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How does this subject relate to the bigger picture of your own area of expertise? Have you explored similar concepts before? Talk about a project you have done in specialism that is relevant either conceptually or technically. Which mediums, techniques, materials that you have mastered on the course so far could you utilize in your FMP? (200 words)

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How does this subject relate to the bigger picture of your own area of expertise? Have you explored similar concepts before? Talk about a project you have done in specialism that is relevant either conceptually or technically. Which mediums, techniques, materials that you have mastered on the course so far could you utilize in your FMP? (200 words)

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There are three projects in specialism that I enjoyed the most: 2 Me 2 You, Neighborhood, and Political Land. These projects are also related to the topic I want to cover in FMP. First of all, in the 2 Me 2 You project, I was able to acquire the skill of making a puppet. Originally, I wasn't confident in making props, but through this project; I gained confidence in making them. Also, through the 2 Me 2 You project, I was able to experience adapting and directing a given situation into my own story.
In the Neighborhood project, we learned to single out important events in the lives of our interviewees and represent them with the symbols that would represent it. The experience I gained from the Neighborhood project will be of great help because what I want to use intensively in FMP is 'symbol'. Also, this project was a way of expressing gratitude to people who were not directly related to me. It's not that Turkey's dedication has nothing to do with me, but as a Korean, I want to make a work that expresses my appreciation, so this will affect my FMP. (+ using wood in the workshop) Lastly, when I was working on the Political Land project, I tried to convey more objective facts, unlike my previous projects. This is because the map I defined in this project was a medium that conveys more diverse and accurate information than people could see with their eyes. So I made the map in the form of a museum brochure. Through this, I was able to train how to summarize vast amounts of information and create visuals that match the selected information. Moreover, this project was a project that required the fusion of a familiar place for me (Korea) and a very unfamiliar place, so it fits my FMP theme.

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Contextually reference your subject matter. What art, design, culture, historic references can you look at to gain insight? Describe them and why they are relevant.(650 words)

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Contextually reference your subject matter. What art, design, culture, historic references can you look at to gain insight? Describe them and why they are relevant.(650 words)

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In the meantime, I became interested in musicals and plays. I watched over 80 musicals and plays in Korea for a year. And I came to know that Korea's theater and musical industry is bigger than I thought, and there are many people who like them. Korea's musical market is the fourth largest in the world. It means that there are many people who consume musicals. And there is a unique culture in Korean musical society, and that is active exchanges between audiences who like musicals. In Korea, in addition to watching plays and musicals and sharing their appreciation, there are groups that directly affect the development of musicals.
We call them 'Yeonmudeok', and they are passionate enough to watch their favorite works without missing a single episode. In other words, this is called 'revolving door' spectator or 'revolving door' spectator. The reason I mention this is that this unique Korean culture can be an opportunity to reexamine new knowledge or culture. Many Korean musicals and plays are based on past literature or historical facts. That's why 'Yeonmudeok' analyzes the original work and studies the history in order to understand the work more deeply. Furthermore, they share what they study and research on social media.
Last summer, among the Korean musicals, a musical starring British poet Byron was a success.
Due to this, a lot of content about figures such as George Gordon Byron, John Polidori, and Mary Shelley were posted on social media. And this had the effect of selling out of Byron's collection of poems <Childe Harold's Pilgrimage>.
With this opportunity, I began to be interested in ways to induce people's interest in the subject through media or works, even if it is not necessarily a musical.
When reproducing a part of history, I personally think that the most important part is the emotions of the characters.
Objective knowledge about history can be easily and accurately found on the Internet or in books, but people won't even look for it if it's not interesting.
The story of Ayla and Suleiman has already been made into a film and documentary. There are countless articles about them as well. So, I would like to express these two figures as symbols of the relationship between Korea and Turkey. Through Ayla and Suleiman, I want to express the meaning of the two people on a national level. So, I started researching artists who were active during the Korean War. Among the artists active during the Korean War, the most famous artist is Lee Jung-sub, a Western-style artist. Artist Lee Jung-sub is a representative painter of modern and contemporary art in Korea in the 20th century. In particular, he is evaluated as having excellently portrayed Korean beauty by drawing a lot of cows. Artist Lee Jung-sub studied Western painting while studying in Japan during the colonial period.
However, he and his family were oppressed by the communist society of North Korea. Lee eventually came down to South Korea penniless. He died miserably of malnutrition and liver cancer after struggling economically, unable to get through the tough times after the Korean War. What is noteworthy about his life and works is that he was separated from his family during the Korean War. In 1952, Lee Jung-sub received the message about the death of his father-in-law in Japan. So he had sent his wife and two sons to Japan in June. Originally, the whole family, including Lee Jung-seop, tried to go to Japan, but at the time. However, it failed because traveling between Japan and Korea was very difficult due to the severance of diplomatic relations after liberation. While he was away from his family for a long time, he sublimated loneliness and longing for his family into paintings. For example, he missed his own kids and painted many children playing happily.If you look at his works, you can see that he painted Korean elements with Western style. Also, although his paintings are fragmentary, they have the power to convey many emotions. The harmony between Korean elements and foreign painting styles he showed gives a lot of inspiration to the way Korea and Turkey are expressed together. Also, the longing for his family shown in his paintings has many similarities with the story of Ayla and Suleiman.

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Introduce your chosen subject area. What interests you as potential starting points or areas of research? WHat influenced this choice? (650 words)

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Introduce your chosen subject area. What interests you as potential starting points or areas of research? WHat influenced this choice? (650 words)

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Although I am a Korean, I had to study a lot of Korean history on my own while spending my high school years abroad. Korea went through two major wars and is still a divided country. However, despite these difficult circumstances, Korea has recorded rapid growth, becoming a member of the G20 and OECD since 1997. Although the Republic of Korea has recorded such great growth, it seems that more and more people are living without a sense of history due to too radical changes. The conflict between the old generation and the new generation is deepening, and there is a lack of interest in cultural heritage and preservation of tradition. It is necessary to actively invest in the return of cultural properties that were looted from Japan or China during the war and the reconstruction of the old palace that was burned by Japan. However, due to diplomatic and financial problems, the government is postponing the aforementioned implementation.
Fortunately, unlike the indifferent attitude of the Korean government after the end of the war and liberation, there are people who have worked hard to rebuild and preserve Korean cultural assets. They spent their own money to return our country's cultural heritage; they even tried to inform people of the problem. In any case, public interest is needed to preserve the uniqueness of our nation.
One day, I came across a movie called <Ayla>.The content of Ayla is as follows: Suleiman, a Turkish soldier dispatched to the Korean War in 1950, finds a 5-year-old girl left alone in the woods on a dark night. The girl was having aphasia due to the shock of losing her parents in the bombing. Suleiman names the girl 'Ayla', which means 'moon' in Turkish, and they head to the base together. After that, the two become family to each other. However, the happiness is short-lived; Suleiman is ordered to return to his homeland with the end of the war.
This film was produced as a joint venture between Korean and Turkish film companies.
The film achieved great results, setting the second highest box office record in the foreign language film category of all time in Turkey. Unfortunately, however, this movie in South Korea did not receive much attention. After watching this movie, I was shocked. The fact that this movie was made based on a true story was very surprising. But I didn't know that Turkiye supported the Republic of Korea during the Korean War.
Even more surprising was the fact that many other Koreans who watched the film also did not know that Turkey participated in the Korean War. I thought this was very disrespectful and embarrassing.
Suleiman has been trying for 60 years to find his daughter, Ayla, who he left behind in Korea. Suleiman made numerous requests to the government and institutions for help, but failed to find Ayla. At that time, computer systems were not as developed as they are now,  and there were too many orphans due to the Korean War. It shocked me that Suleiman even tried to find Ayla while watching a video of the 2002 World Cup held in Korea. At that time Suleiman was already over seventy. Then, a miraculous thing happens. Upon hearing the news that Suleiman was looking for Ayla, a Korean broadcaster stepped forward and found Ayla after a search. Ayla's traces remained as data for an orphanage built by Turkish soldiers to take care of war orphans during the war. Ayla was living under the name ‘Kim Eun-ja’. Thanks to the efforts of the broadcasting company and both countries, Suleiman and Ayla were able to reunite in 2010 after 60 years.
The Korean broadcasting station that helped them reunite made a documentary about their story. In the video, Suleiman seems to still treat Ayla, who is over 60, like a 5-year-old child. This can be seen from Suleiman's gift of sweets and pocket money brought from Turkey to Ayla. They couldn't communicate with each other through language, but they expressed their joy with their eyes and facial expressions. History should not just be conveyed in writing. The reason people are less and less interested in history is because they overlook the fact that people like us exist beyond the information of history. However, when watching documentaries or movies, you can feel the facial expressions and emotions of historical figures. Through this, people can realize that history is not just a difficult and boring study, but a story of our lives.

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[소년중앙] 판타지 속 판타지를 찾아서 32화. 견우와 직녀 | 중앙일보

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옛날 옛적에 은하수 옆에 하늘 신(천제)이 살고 있었습니다. 신에게는 직녀라는 이름의 딸이 있었는데, 직녀는 천을 잘 짜서 신들의 옷을 만드는 일을 하고 있었죠. 딸에게 짝을 소개해주기 위해 세상을 둘러보던 신은 은하수 기슭에서 하늘의 소를 기르는 견우라는 젊은이를 발견했습니다. 성실하기 이를 데 없던 그가 마음에 든 신은 직녀에게 견우를 소개해주었고, 두 사람은 첫눈에 반해 결혼하게 됐죠.

하지만 문제가 생겼습니다. 직녀와 견우가 신혼 생활에 빠진 나머지 일을 하지 않게 된 것이죠. "직녀가 일하지 않으니 모두 옷이 낡아 너덜너덜합니다. 새 옷이 필요합니다." "견우가 게으름을 피워서 가축들이 병이 들었습니다. 어떻게 할까요." 신들의 불평에 화가 난 하늘 신은 둘을 은하수 동쪽과 서쪽으로 보내 헤어져 살게 했습니다. 그리고 해마다 하루 음력 7월 7일(칠월칠석)에만 둘이 만나도록 허락했죠. 칠석이 되어 두 사람은 서로를 만나고자 은하수로 향했지만, 은하수에는 다리가 없었습니다. 둘이 슬퍼하자 어디선가 까치와 까마귀들이 몰려들었죠. 그리고 은하수에 다리를 만들어 둘을 만나게 해주었습니다. 까마귀와 까치로 이루어진 다리. 오작교가 만들어진 것입니다. 그로부터 매년 칠석이면 오작교를 통해 견우와 직녀가 만나 서로 눈물을 흘렸다고 합니다.

매년 한 번밖에 만나지 못하는 연인들의 이야기. 칠석의 전설은 일찍이 중국에서 만들어졌다고 합니다. 한나라 때 편찬된 시가집에 처음 소개되었는데, 적어도 춘추전국시대부터 존재했다고 하죠. 우리나라와 일본, 베트남 등에도 전해져 동아시아 전역에서 기념하는 전설이 되었습니다. 일찍이 고구려 시대에 만들어진 덕흥리 고분에서 견우와 직녀의 전설이 그려진 벽화가 발견된 만큼, 우리나라에서도 오래전부터 칠석을 기념했다는 것을 알 수 있습니다. 동아시아 각지에서는 다양한 방식으로 칠석을 보냅니다. 특히 여성들에게 소중한 날로 기억되고 있죠, 여성들은 직녀를 기리며 손재주가 능숙해지기를 기원했으며, 중국에서는 칠석을 기념하는 장식을 만들기도 했다고 합니다.

한국에선 칠석에 밀전병·밀국수·호박전 등을 만들어 먹었습니다. 서당에선 학생들에게 견우·직녀를 주제로 시를 짓게 하고, 옷과 책을 햇볕에 말리는 풍속이 있었다고 하죠. 여름 장마로 습기 찬 옷과 책이 상하지 않기 위함이었다고 합니다. 중국과 마찬가지로 칠석날 새벽 여성들이 오이·참외 같은 먹거리를 상에 올리고 바느질 솜씨가 늘기를 빌었다고 해요. 중국 일부에서는 한 그릇의 물 위에 바늘을 살짝 띄워두고 달빛 아래 바늘 주변에 생겨난 파문을 비교하여, 그중 가장 복잡한 파문이 생겨나는 바늘이 가장 자수가 잘된다며 아꼈다는 이야기도 있습니다. 칠석을 맞이하기 위해 6월부터 준비를 시작하는 곳도 있었다고 합니다.

중국·타이완·베트남 등지에선 칠석을 '애정의 날'이나 '정인의 날'이라 부르며, 밸런타인데이 같은 느낌으로 지내기도 합니다. 과거의 풍습엔 존재하지 않았지만, '일 년에 한 번 연인이 만나는 날'이라는 전설에 흥미를 품은 누군가가 시작한 게 정착되었다고 합니다. 상인들은 밸런타인과 함께 대박을 기대할 수 있는 날로 기대한다고 하죠. 연애에 너무 빠져서 일도 안 하던 두 사람을 기리는 날인만큼, 연애 이야기엔 제격이겠죠. 일부 전설에 따르면, 직녀는 하늘의 공주고 견우는 땅의 목동이라 합니다. 사랑에 빠진 둘이 허락을 받지 않은 결혼을 하자, 하늘 신이 화가 나서 둘을 갈라놓았다고 하죠. 하지만 너무 슬퍼하던 둘을 위해 까치와 까마귀가 다리를 놓아주었다는 거죠. 어느 쪽의 전설이 진실이건, 오작교에는 '서로를 기리는 마음을 이어준다'라는 배려가 담겼습니다.

견우와 직녀의 이야기는 하늘의 별에서 왔다고 합니다. 장마가 지나고 맑은 하늘에서 은하수와 함께 가장 밝게 빛나는 두 별, 직녀성(거문고자리의 베가), 견우성(독수리자리의 알타이르)을 연결해서 만든 이야기라는 거죠. 어쩌면 견우와 직녀처럼 연인과 만날 수 없었던 누군가가 만든 이야기일지도 모릅니다. 서로를 부르듯 빛을 발하면서도 하늘의 강으로 떨어진 두 별에 자신을 빗대어 말이죠. 언제 어느 때건 누군가를 만나지 못하는 사람은 존재하는 법. 그들이 자신들을 이어줄 누군가를 바랬으리라고 쉽게 상상할 수 있죠. 과학적으로 볼 때 두 별은 10광년 이상 떨어졌기에 광속으로 날아가도 쉽게 만날 수 없습니다. 하지만 정말로 그럴까요?

코로나 19로 많은 이들이 떨어져 살아가고 있습니다. 친구나 동료와 서로 보지 못한 지 반년 이상 지난 이들도 적지 않죠. 하지만 과거에 비해 외로움은 덜합니다. 직접 만나진 못해도, 전화로 인터넷으로 서로를 보고 이야기를 나눌 수 있으니까요. 과거에는 불가능한 일이었죠. 견우성과 직녀성의 외계인들도 뭔가의 기술로 만나고 있을지도 모릅니다. 그것이 어쩌면 오작교일지도 모른다고 상상하는 건 이상할까요?

글= 전홍식 SF&판타지도서관장

※ 외부 필진 칼럼은 본지 편집 방향과 다를 수 있습니다.

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[소년중앙] 판타지 속 판타지를 찾아서 32화. 견우와 직녀 | 중앙일보

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칠석이 되어 두 사람은 서로를 만나고자 은하수로 향했지만, 은하수에는 다리가 없었습니다. 그로부터 매년 칠석이면 오작교를 통해 견우와 직녀가 만나 서로 눈물을 흘렸다고 합니다. 일찍이 고구려 시대에 만들어진 덕흥리 고분에서 견우와 직녀의 전설이 그려진 벽화가 발견된 만큼, 우리나라에서도 오래전부터 칠석을 - 소년중앙,판타지칼럼,판타지속판타지를찾아서,전홍식,전홍식관장님,견우와직녀,견우직녀,견우,직녀,덕흥리고구려고분벽화,칠석,직녀성,견우성

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'6·25 감동 실화 주인공' 터키 참전용사 안타까운 말년

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"영화化 계기 가족과 갈등, 90대에 홀몸 신세" 터키언론 보도

딸 "가족에 재앙 부른 영화, 오스카 가선 안 돼" 인터뷰서 호소

(이스탄불=연합뉴스) 하채림 특파원 = 6·25 전쟁 중 한국 고아소녀를 돌본 터키 참전용사의 실화를 다룬 영화 '아일라' 개봉을 앞두고 그 주인공 노병의 안타까운 소식이 터키 언론을 통해 널리 알려졌다.

26일 일간지 사바흐 등 터키언론과 한인회에 따르면 6·25 참전용사 쉴레이만 딜비를리이 하사는 영화 제작이 본격적으로 추진된 작년부터 가족과 심한 불화를 겪고 홀로 살고 있다.

영화 '아일라'는 얼마전 오스카 외국어영화상부문 후보로 선정, 터키에서도 인지도가 높아졌다.

딜비를리이씨의 딸 세바하트(60)씨는 사바흐와 인터뷰에서 "영화 제작사가 아버지를 속이"고, 가족으로부터 단절시켰다고 주장했다.

올해 94세인 딜비를리이씨 부부는 2015년 여름까지 별다른 문제 없이 자녀들의 집을 오가며 말년을 보내고 있었다.

그해 8월 '딜비를리이 하사의 사연을 영화로 제작하겠다'며 영화사 디지탈사나틀라르(이하 디지탈)가 접촉해 왔다. 회사 대표는 처음에 자신을 '대통령 측에서 일하는 사람'으로 소개했다고 세바하트씨는 설명했다.

영화사에 앞서 주(駐)터키 한국대사관이 다큐멘터리 제작을 이유로 아버지를 찾아왔기에 이번에도 비슷한 일로 여겼다고 한다.

그러나 어찌된 영문인지 영화사 관계자들과 만남이 잦아질수록 딜비를리이씨는 자녀들에게 불신을 나타냈다. 가족보다는 영화사에 더 귀를 기울였다

걱정스러운 마음에 대통령실에 영화사 대표의 신원을 직접 확인한 세바하트씨는 "여기 그런 사람은 없다. 사기를 조심하라"는 답변을 들었다.

영화에 반감을 품게 된 세바하트씨는 부모를 모셔오려다 오히려 고소를 당했으며 법원으로부터 접근금지명령까지 받았다.

전쟁영웅과 고아소녀
(이스탄불=연합뉴스) 하채림 특파원 = 터키군이 올해 초 발간한 사진집에 담긴 '6.25전쟁 영웅' 메흐메트 괴넨츠 중위(오른쪽)와 전쟁고아의 모습. 사진은 기사의 내용과 직접 관련 없음. [하르비예 군사박물관 제공=연합뉴스] photo@yna.co.kr

그후 세바하트씨는 병원으로부터 연락을 받고서야 홀로 입원한 어머니만을 만날 수 있었다. 병원 측이 환자를 보살필 보호자를 찾다 딸이 있다는 사실을 파악하게 된 것이다.

터키 한인회의 한 관계자는 "현재 딜비를리이 하사가 자녀들과 만나지 않을 뿐 아니라 아내와도 이혼하고 홀로 지내고 있다"고 전했다.

한인회는 '터키군 아빠'가 한국 소녀 '아일라'(한국명, 김은자)를 찾고 상봉하는 과정을 처음부터 주선하고 지원했다.

김씨(72)는 올해초 두번째 터키를 방문해 딜비를리이씨를 만난 자리에 가족이 없는 것에 크게 상심한 것으로 전해졌다. 첫 상봉에서는 '터키 아빠'의 가족을 함께 만났다.

세바하트씨는 인터뷰에서 "영화사 대표가 우리 가족에 재앙을 가져왔다"면서 "이런 영화가 오스카에 가서는 안 된다"고 목소리를 높였다.

논란이 커지자 영화사 대표는 터키 일간지 밀리예트와 인터뷰에서 "가족이 3년간 아무 말이 없다가 영화가 오스카 후보에 선정된 후 500만터키리라(약 16억원)를 요구했다"고 주장하고, 세바하트씨가 돈을 목적으로 악의적인 인터뷰를 했다는 취지로 발언했다.

그러나 딸의 인터뷰 이전에도 딜비를리이 가족이 영화사를 비난하며 소셜미디어에 올린 글의 내용이 한인 사회에까지 알려졌다.

영화사는 터키 한인들에게도 약속한 보수를 지급하지 않거나 한인 아동의 오디션 음원을 상업적으로 무단 활용해 말썽을 빚었다. 한인 사회의 지속적인 개입·압박에 개봉을 앞두고 최근에야 일부에게 보상하고 합의했다.

한인회 관계자는 "영화사가 프로젝트를 꼭 성사시키겠다는 의지로 무리수를 두기도 했다"며 "한국의 자유를 위해 희생한 참전용사의 가정이 화평해지기를 바라며 상황을 지켜보고 있다"고 말했다.

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'6·25 감동 실화 주인공' 터키 참전용사 안타까운 말년

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(이스탄불=연합뉴스) 하채림 특파원 = 6·25 전쟁 중 한국 고아소녀를 돌본 터키 참전용사의 실화를 다룬 영화 '아일라' 개봉을 앞두고 그 주인공 노병의 안타까운 소식이 터키 언론을 통해 널리 알려졌다. 26일 일간지 사바흐 등 터키언론과 한인회에 따르면 6·25 참전용사 쉴레이만 딜비를리이 하사는 영화 제작이 본격적으로 추진된 작년부터 가족과 심한 불화를 겪고 홀로 살고 있다.

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연극 '길 떠나는 가족'의 오브제 디자이너 이영란

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지난 7월 명동예술극장에서 막을 내린 연극 '길 떠나는 가족'(작 김의경·연출 이윤택)에서 많은 관객들의 시선을 사로잡은 것 중 하나는 무대, 그 자체였다. 하나의 작품을 완성하는 데 필요한 각 요소가 유기적이면서도 촘촘하게 자리 잡은 느낌이 강했다. 특히 1991년 초연 당시 작품의 오브제 디자이너로 참여했던 이영란이 이번에 다시 올라간 무대에서 미술감독으로 나섰다는 이야기를 들으니 절로 고개가 끄덕여졌다.

이중섭의 삶과 예술을 다룬 작품을 효과적으로 표현하기 위해 이영란은 무대를 비어 있는 캔버스 삼아 이중섭의 예술과 삶을 펼쳐놓았다. 특히 이번 무대미술에서 쉽사리 눈을 뗄 수 없었던 것은 작품 속에 자연스럽게 녹아 들어간 오브제였다. 이중섭의 작품 속에 빈번하게 등장하는 소와 어린아이, 나비며 꽃이며 물고기까지 모두 한지와 나무를 재료 삼아 만들어낸 오브제는 이중섭의 그림을 보듯 정겨웠다. 마치 눈앞에 펼쳐진, 어른들을 위한 동화와도 같았다.

배우들이 사용하는 소품이며 장치들을 모두 목탄화로 그린 것도 인상적이었다. 이것은 관객에게 의도적인 평면 형태로 보였는데, 그로 인해 화가의 인생을 그려낸 작품에 통일감이 더해졌고, 작품의 나아가고자 하는 방향이 더 쉽고 명확해졌다.

공연이 끝난 뒤에도 무대 위에 펼쳐졌던 풍경들이, 오브제들이 눈앞에 아른거렸다. 그래서 이 오브제에 생명을 불어넣은 오브제 디자이너 이영란의 이야기가 궁금했다. 그리고 함께 나눈 대화의 끝에 더욱 선명해진 이영란은 채움보다 비움을, 쌓아 올리기보다 소멸시키는 데 시선을 고정시키고 살아가는 사람이었다.

'길 떠나는 가족'이 초연된 지 23년이 흘렀다. 이미 빛바랜 듯한 연극을 지금의 무대에 다시 올리면서 고민이 적지 않았을 것 같다.

시대가 많이 변했다. 그 상황에서 재공연의 의미를 어디에서 찾아야 할지가 고민이었다. 이윤택 연출가와 함께 도달한 사고의 지점은 옛것을 옛것으로만 보여주는 것이 아니라 역사와 시간의 흐름 속에서도 여전히 볼만한 작업을 해야 한다는 것이다. 초연이 열 발자국 앞서간 느낌이었다면 이번에는 딱 한 발자국만 앞서고 거기에 서서 관객과 만나려고 노력했다.

작품 자체가 또 하나의 그림이었고, 어른을 위한 한 편의 동화 같은 느낌이었다. 아름답지만 동시에 슬픈 감정들이 솟아나 작품을 보고 난 뒤에도 가슴이 먹먹했다. 배우의 연기뿐 아니라 무대미술에서 비롯된 영향이라고 생각한다.

무대에는 흑백이 명확하다. 굉장히 차가운 느낌인데, 그것을 목탄화 스케치로 표현한 데서 동화적인 느낌이 부여된 것이라 생각한다. 모던한 요소와 질퍽한 이야기가 절묘하게 만나서 관객이 자신도 모르는 사이에 그 사이를 모두 오갔을 것이라 생각한다.

암울한 시대적 배경을 담는 데 목탄화가 잘 맞을 것이라 생각했다. 목탄화는 나무를 태워서 그 검댕으로 그림을 그리는데 굉장히 거칠면서도 명암이 뚜렷하다. 검댕을 뭉개면서 그림을 그려내는 것이기에 일반적인 붓 터치가 지닌 강함과는 또 다른 느낌이 있다.

오브제 전반에 목탄화를 사용했지만 일부분에는 색을 부여했는데.

컬러 대비를 통해 목탄화가 더 차갑게 느껴지는 효과를 노렸다. 이중섭 이야기를 서사적으로 풀 때 그의 내면이 보이지 않으면 의미가 없다. 내면이 드러날 때 관객과 소통되고 울림을 갖는데, 그의 내면은 곧 그림이다. 그림을 오브제로 상징적인 퍼포먼스를 펼치고, 그다음 컬러가 중간중간 들어가는 것으로 이중섭의 내면을 표현하고 싶었다.

목탄화로 그린 펌프를 배우가 직접 손으로 움직여 물방울이 그려진 패널을 돌리는 장면이 인상적이었다.

원래 펌프는 수직 운동만 해도 알아서 움직이게 하려고 했다. 하지만 그게 잘 안 되어 배우가 손으로 돌리게 된 것인데, 결과적으로는 그게 더 효과적이었다. 작품의 방향성에도 부합하고. 그 부분을 통해 우리가 갈 길은 '세련된 아날로그'라는 생각이 들었다. 만들지 못해서 아날로그가 아니라 한쪽은 디지털 한쪽은 아날로그, 그 경계에 있는 것이다.

무대 위에 등장하는 주된 오브제를 입체가 아닌 평면으로 나타낸 것이 극이 '화가'의 이야기라는 것에 힘을 실어주면서 모든 오브제가 극에 밀착된 느낌으로 다가왔다.

화가의 이야기이니 무대를 캔버스로 생각하고 이중섭의 삶을 넣으면 잘 표현될 수 있을 것이라는 생각이 들었다. 이를테면 이중섭의 그림 안에 이중섭에 대한 내용을 넣는다든가, 이중섭의 삶 안에 그의 그림을 넣는 방식이다. 그래서 공연에는 2차원의 그림이 필요했고, 어울렸다고 생각한다. 게다가 무대에 등장하는 오브제가 목탄화로 그린 그림인 것을 아는 상황에서 완전한 입체인 사람이 그림(평면)과 만나고 대립했을 때 각각의 특성이 더 극적으로 살아나는 효과가 일어나더라. 이윤택 연출가와 함께 설정했던 부분인데 잘 맞아떨어진 것 같다. 새로운 무대 언어가 이번에 나오지 않았나 싶다.

극에서 가장 중요한 오브제로 손꼽을 수 있는 것은 공연의 시작과 끝에서 이중섭의 손에 들려 있는 인형이다. 서로 비슷한 것 같지만 조금씩 차이가 있어 보이던데.

무대에는 모두 세 종류의 인형이 등장했다. 이중섭에게 아이가 셋 있었는데, 거기에서 모티프를 가져와서 제작했다. 공연 초반에는 모든 오브제가 흑백인 상태에서 바느질 인형이 등장한다. 바느질이 가지고 있는 섬세함과 약간의 까슬까슬한 성질, 색깔을 반영했다. 두 번째로 이중섭과 가족이 제주도에 갔을 때는 뜨개 인형이 등장한다. 뜨개 인형은 순하다. 실제로 뜨개질을 할 때 찔려도 하나도 아프지 않고, 움직이는 놀이 인형으로 삼기에도 좋다. 마지막 장면에 등장하는 목각 인형은 이중섭이 가는 길을 안내하는 동시에 동반자로서 걸어가는 존재다. 목각 인형이 등장할 때 탁탁 발자국 소리가 났으면 해서 배우들에게도 이 부분을 주문했다.

'레이디 맥베스'에서는 흙과 물, '오이디푸스'에서는 석회 분필을 사용했다. 흔하디 흔한 오브제들도 이영란의 손에만 들어가면 그전과는 다르게 활용된다는 인상을 받곤 한다. 어떤 방향과 의도를 갖고 오브제를 대하는지 궁금하다.

흙·나무·밀가루·물·얼음·모래 같은 자연적인 것들, 원시적 오브제에 관심이 많다. 이것들은 무언가 되기 이전의 원래 재료들이다. 이런 원초적인 재료들은 무언가를 만들기도 수월하고, 소멸시키기도 좋다. 그래서 좋아한다. 이번에 사용한 종이·나무·물·목탄 모두 자연적인 소재다.

손끝에서 무언가를 만들어내는 사람이라면 사라지는 것에 대한 아쉬움이나 거부감이 있을 것 같은데, 오히려 '소멸'에 특별한 가치를 부여하는 같다.

오브제로 작업을 하지만, 정작 나는 물건을 그리 좋아하지 않는다. 흔히 사람들은 내가 많은 작품을 갖고 있을 것이라 생각해서 작업실을 궁금해하는데, 막상 와보면 볼 것이 거의 없다. 새로운 사물에 대한 집착도 거의 없어서 1년 동안 안 쓰는 물건이 생기면 바로 처리한다. 연극을 좋아하는 이유도 그와 비슷한 맥락이다. 그 시간, 그 공간에서 소통하고 관계를 맺고 나면 그 시간은 사라진다. 공연도 마찬가지고. 그게 나에겐 매력적으로 다가온다.

사람과 사람을 연결해주는 좋은 언어라고 생각한다. 예를 들어 선물에 비유해 설명할 수 있을 것 같다. 누구나 좋은 선물에서 감동을 받는다. 값나가는 물건도 좋겠지만 작은 나뭇잎 하나에도 의미와 영혼을 담는다면 누군가를 감동시킬 수 있다. 이것은 감성적으로 꼭 경험해야 하는 부분이기도 하다. 공감각적인 경험을 통해 사물과 소통하는 연습을 하는 것도 좋겠다.

어릴 적부터 손으로 갖고 노는 걸 좋아했다. 그때 나무나 흙을 다뤘던 것이 나중까지 이어져 정말 친밀해졌고, 이 재료들이 손에서 자유롭게 논다는 느낌이 있다. 그 외에는 오브제 언어를 만들어나가기 위한 교육을 잘 받았다고 생각한다. 미술뿐 아니라 인형극과 인형 제작을 공부했고, 조각도 배웠다. 재료에 관해 충분히 알고 있고, 사물의 성격과 특징을 가지고 극과 제작을 같이 할 수 있는 것이 다른 사람들과 차별되는 지점이지 않을까.

이영란의 이름 곁에는 늘 '오브제아트'라는 단어가 따라다닌다. 아직 국내 관객들에게는 생소한 용어인데.

오브제아트를 우리말로 물체극이라고도 표현한다. 물체극이라는 것은 오브제가 오브제로 끝나는 것이 아니라 배우에 의해 움직이게 되면서 언어를 갖는 것이다. 물체 혼자서는 절대로 할 수 없는 이야기, 배우 혼자서도 할 수 없는 이야기, 물체와 배우가 만났을 때 배우에 의해 물체가 움직이면서 영혼을 통해 나오는 언어, 그 둘만이 낼 수 있는 언어를 물체극이라 할 수 있다.

물체에 담긴 이야기를 끄집어내는 것인가, 아니면 물체에 새로운 이야기를 부여하는 것인가.

전자다. 예를 들어 밀가루의 경우, 가루가 물과 만나 반죽이라는 새로운 존재가 된다. 가루·물·반죽 이 세 가지는 모두 완전히 다른 것들이다. 이러한 변화가 나에게는 이야기가 된다. 가루가 물을 만나 조물조물했더니 탄력을 가진 반죽이 되고 수축되면서 살아 있게 되는 것이다. 이것이 내가 사물을 바라보는 시각이다.

나는 사람들이 행복했으면 좋겠다. 그런데 이 땅에서 사람들이 원하는 행복을 보면 내가 그들에게 해줄 수 있는 것이 없다. 다만 오브제를 통해 자신의 지친 삶을 바라보고 스스로를 위로하며 치유할 수 있는 공연이나 체험을 만들고 싶다. 그런 여지가 있어야 우리의 삶이 조금은 풍요로울 수 있지 않을까. 지난해에 이어 올해에도 조각을 계속 이어갈 생각이다.

글 김선영 기자 사진 심규태

지난해부터 이어진 연출가 이윤택의 행보가 새삼 놀랍다. '오레스테스 3부작'부터 '혜경궁 홍씨'를 거쳐 올해 초 '피의 결혼'과 '길 떠나는 가족'을 명동예술극장에서, 그리고 하반기에는 국제공연예술제 참가작에도 이름을 올리고 있다. 쉴 새 없이 공연을 만들어내는 에너지도 경이롭지만 그 작품 하나하나가 세상에 대한 묵직한 직언들을 쏟아놓고 있으니 말 그대로 노장(老將)의 귀환이다.

1991년 초연 이후 꼭 23년 만에 다시 공연된 '길 떠나는 가족'은 그 자체가 한 폭의 그림 같은 작품이었다. 이중섭의 삶과 예술세계를 조망하는 김의경 작가의 작의(作意)를 견지하면서 무대 전체를 하나의 화폭으로 설정했고, 그로 인해 무대 위의 인물들은 마치 수많은 이중섭 그림 속의 피사체인 듯 장면마다 서로 다른 그림들을 만들어냈다. 여기엔 이영란 미술감독의 힘이 컸는데, 실제로 이중섭의 그림 속에 등장하는 소와 꽃과 물고기와 아이들을 담백하면서도 소박하게 만들어 무대 곳곳에 배치했고, 작품에 필요한 주전자와 컵 같은 소도구들 역시 무채색의 평면으로 제작해 무대 위 모든 것이 그림으로 완성될 수 있도록 했다. 매표소에도 무대에서 사용된 오브제가 곳곳에 놓여 있는 것을 보면 그녀의 섬세함을 짐작할 수 있다.

무대의 그림을 완성한 것은 무엇보다도 배우들이다. 이중섭의 그림 '길 떠나는 가족'이 살아 움직이도록 만든 배우들의 앙상블도 아름답고, '애들과 물고기와 게'를 만들어낸 인형과 배우들이 조화롭고, 그 가운데서 무게중심을 잡고 있는 배우 지현준의 성장도 아름답다. 비록 지현준의 캐릭터에 대한 과도한 집중 때문에 오히려 심신이 병약한 이중섭으로 그려지지 못하고 따라서 그의 고뇌가 관객들에게 온전히 전달되지 못한 아쉬움이 있지만, 이 배우가 언제 이만큼 성장했는지를 발견하는 것은 커다란 즐거움이었다.

연극 '길 떠나는 가족'은 이영란 미술감독이 준비한 캔버스 무대에 우리의 장단과 노래들을 배치해 다양한 색채를 더한 이윤택 연출의 감각, 그리고 그 속에 적절한 오브제가 되어 이중섭의 그림을 그대로 재현한 배우들의 노력으로 완성된 연극으로 이중섭의 삶을 그려낸 아름다운 작품이었다. 지독한 외로움과 가난에 직면해도 버리지 않았던 그림에 대한 이중섭의 열정은 서로 반목하고 비난만을 일삼으며 무엇에 대한 열정도 없이 무기력해진 지금의 우리에게 큰 질문을 던진다. 당신의 뜨거움은 무엇인가? 예술이 존재해야만 하는 이유다.

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연극 '길 떠나는 가족'의 오브제 디자이너 이영란

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이영란에게 오브제는 사람과 사람을 연결해주는 좋은 언어다. 물체가 배우와 만나 함께 움직이고 영혼을 통해 나오는 언어가 그녀의 손끝에서 흘러나온다지난 7월 명동예술극장에서 막을 내린 연극 '길 떠나는 가족'(작 김의경·연출 이윤택)에서 많은 관객들의 시선을 사로잡은 것 중 하나는 무대, 그 자체였다. 하나의 작품을 완성하는

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Turkey inaugurates park honoring Korean War-era orphanage

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The Turkish Embassy in Korea and Suwon City in Gyeonggi Province inaugurated a new park in memory of a school and orphanage established some 60 years ago during the Korean War by Turkish soldiers.

Called "Ankara School" by the soldiers, the orphanage grew rapidly and accommodated some 100 children at a time, ranging in age from 5 to 15. It was said to have taught them music, Turkish and English. A total of 800 Korean children passed through the school.

The orphanage cared for children through the duration of the war. Although it was disbanded not long after the last of the men returned to their native Turkey in the summer of 1954, the charity and safety that the Ankara School provided became a lasting hallmark of Korean-Turkish diplomatic relations.

The park, located near Seoho Elementary School in Suwon's Seodun-dong neighborhood, was inaugurated in a ceremony on June 25 with Turkish Ambassador to Korea Naci Saribas and Suwon Mayor Yeom Tae-young in attendance.

The street near where the Ankara School stood was named "Ankara-gil" last year.

Turkey sent four brigades totaling 5,500 soldiers to fight with United Nations troops. By the war's end, 741 Turkish men lost their lives, 2,147 were wounded, 234 were taken prisoner and 175 were declared missing in action.

KBS is preparing a documentary regarding Ankara School. It will be broadcast on the KBS-1 on July 13.

( ephilip2011@heraldcorp.com)

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Turkey inaugurates park honoring Korean War-era orphanage

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The Turkish Embassy in Korea and Suwon City in Gyeonggi Province inaugurated a new park in memory of a school and orphanage established some 60 years ago during the Korean War by Turkish soldiers.Called "Ankara School" by the soldiers, the orphanage grew rapidly and accommodated some 100 children at a time, ranging in age from 5 to 15.

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Lee Jung Seob was a Korean artist, most known for his oil paintings such as "White Ox".

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Kore Gazisi eşinin yokluğuna 12 saat dayanabildi

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Kore Gazisi eşinin yokluğuna 12 saat dayanabildi

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South Koreans see Turks as 'blood brothers': Envoy

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Koreans see Turks as "blood brothers," the South Korean envoy in Ankara said Monday, underlining that the Turkish army achieved remarkable successes during the Korean War and accelerated the cease-fire talks with their accomplishments on the battlefield.

Speaking to the Anadolu Agency (AA), Lee Won Ik said that the devotion shown and sacrifices made by the Turkish veterans and Turkey's participation in the Korean War laid the basis of the bilateral relations between the two countries.

"After the war on March 8, 1957, Turkey and South Korea have conducted official diplomatic relations," Lee said. "Since then two countries located on the different sides of the globe, have supported each other and exchanged ideas on domains of economy, politics, culture and national defense.

"This is a historical example of the passionate brotherhood between Turkey and Korea. Koreans see Turks as 'blood brothers'."

The war between North and South Korea erupted on June 25, 1950, as the North invaded the South by the 38th parallel that acted as a border. The war ended unofficially on July 27, 1953, but since no peace agreements were reached, both sides are still looking to agree upon a permanent peace deal on the 68th year of the "Panmunjom Cease-Fire Agreement."

Turkey's envoy in Seoul, Ersin Erçin, also told AA that while Turkey showed extreme resistance to entering World War II, it answered the U.N. Security Council's call to send troops to the Korean War.

"By entering in the war against North Korea, Turkey altered its policy of non-interference in international disputes that it had continued since 1923. Turkey became a prestigious member of the international community by standing with the NATO Alliance and the Western Community," he said.

"15 countries alongside Turkey accepted to send troops to Korean Peninsula. It created an unexpected resistance against the Northern invaders that seized control of almost all of the peninsula in 27 days. With a death toll that reached 3 million during a 3-year-long fierce war, South Korea was liberated and communism was hindered from advancing deeper into northeastern Asia," said Erçin.

Despite the Turkish Forces' lack of equipment, communication difficulties with U.S. High Command, rough climate conditions and the war being the first overseas experience of the Turkish forces, they managed to stop the attackers, said Erçin.

"Turkish soldiers were praised as the 'hero of heroes' by the U.S. Commander in Chief Gen. MacArthur, with their heroic actions. Both the U.S. Congress and the Korean government awarded Turkish troops with distinguished unit citations. Turkish forces not only affected the course of the war but altered the conditions by sending food, supply and medical aid to the local people in need and the children left orphans by the war" added Erçin.

Turkey sent 21,212 soldiers to fight for a country's freedom that is 9,000 kilometers (5,600 miles) away from the Turkish mainland. Of those sent, Turkey lost over 1,000 of its soldiers. The Korean society and Korean governments are full of gratitude for their efforts, Erçin said.

"In the light of the shared historical background of the two countries, I believe that the bilateral relations of both countries in terms of political, economic and commerce will develop faster," said Erçin. Korean governments try not to be against Turkey on delicate matters, he added.

Korean War

Japan annexed the Korean Peninsula in 1910 and retreated in the aftermath of World War II. Following the Japanese retreat, two governments were established in 1945. Until 1948 both governments called the other to unite. As the calls on both sides didn't deliver, two separate states were established.

Turkish troops under the command of Brigadier Gen. Tahsin Yazıcı, on Sept. 17, 1950, departed from Turkey's southern Hatay province and after a 30-day journey, reached the Pusan Harbor. Following the necessary preparations, Turkish troops reached Kunuri, which is located in North Korea today.

With four brigades, consisting of over 21,000 men, Turkey was ranked four out of 16 countries in terms of manpower. The U.S. deployed the most troops with 1.79 million soldiers. The United Kingdom had the second-largest military presence with 56,000 soldiers, followed by Canada with 26,791 soldiers.

Over 40,000 U.N. soldiers and 137,899 South Korean soldiers were killed in action. On the northern side, 508,797 soldiers were killed. The U.S. alone lost 36,940 soldiers, ranking as number one of all U.N. allies. Following the U.S., the U.K. lost 1,078 soldiers. Turkey lost over 700 soldiers on the battlefield and when including the missing and the dead due to their injuries the death toll exceeds 900 soldiers, making it the country with the third-highest loss, according to the Korean Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs.

On Jan. 25-27, 1951, in the Battle of Kumyangjang-ni, Turkey was outnumbered by a factor of three to one. In one of the last examples of trench warfare, Turkey prevailed. The U.S. Congress awarded Turkish troops with the "Mümtaz Alliance and Beret" due to their actions in Kumyangjang-ni. The South Korean Presidency gave the Turkish troops "Union Engagement." Each military unit was given a name, Gen. MacArthur named the Turkish brigade "the Polestar."

In terms of prisoners of war, on the U.N. and South Korean side 5,000 were held captive, whereas on the North Korean and Chinese side around 70,000 people were held captive. One month before the cease-fire agreement, during the prisoner exchange of June 1953, Turkey retrieved all 244 of its captured soldiers. Around 462 martyred Turkish soldiers are buried in the U.N. Memorial Cemetery in Korea. Following the documentation of the martyrdom of Lt. Muzaffer Erdönmez on his "B-26" warplane during a raid, Turkey was recognized as the eighth country to deploy air support. Turkish forces were the only troops to build a school for the children orphaned by the war.

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South Koreans see Turks as 'blood brothers': Envoy

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Koreans see Turks as "blood brothers," the South Korean envoy in Ankara said Monday, underlining that the Turkish army achieved remarkable successes during the Korean War and accelerated the cease-fire talks with their accomplishments on the battlefield.

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The Turkish Brigade ( code name North Star; Turkish: Şimal Yıldızı[3] or Kutup Yıldızı[4]) was an infantry brigade of the Turkish Army that served under United Nations Command during the Korean War (1950-1953).

Turkey was one of 22 countries to contribute manpower to U.N. forces, and one of sixteen to provide military personnel. The first 5,000 troops of the Turkish Brigade arrived on 19 October 1950, shortly after the outbreak of hostilities in June, and remained in varying strengths until summer 1954. Attached to the U.S. 25th Infantry Division, the Turkish Brigade was the only U.N. unit of its size permanently attached to a U.S. division throughout the Korean War.[4]

The Turkish Brigade took part in several actions, most notably in the Battle of Kunuri, where their fierce resistance were decisive in delaying the enemy advance.[5] Its actions earned the brigade Unit Citations from Korea and the U.S., and it subsequently developed a reputation for its fighting ability, stubborn defense, commitment to mission, and bravery.

On 29 June 1950 the Republic of Turkey replied to the United Nations Resolution 83 requesting military aid to South Korea, following the attack by North Korea on 25 June. The cable stated: "Turkey is ready to meet his responsibilities." On 25 July 1950 Turkey decided to send a brigade, comprising three infantry battalions, an artillery battalion and auxiliary units, to fight under UN Command against North Korea and subsequently the People's Republic of China. Turkey was the second country to answer the UN call, after the United States.[6]

Three different Turkish Brigades served in the Korean War. The core of the 1st Turkish Brigade was the 241st Infantry Regiment based at Ayaş, which was supplemented with volunteers to raise it to brigade level. Brigadier General Tahsin Yazıcı, a veteran of the Gallipoli Campaign, commanded the 1st Brigade.[8]

The 1st Turkish Brigade consisted of three battalions, commanded by Major Imadettin Kuranel, Major Mithat Ulunu, and Major Lutfu Bilgon. The Turkish Armed Forces Command (TAFC) was a regimental combat team with three infantry battalions, along with supporting artillery and engineers. It was the only brigade-sized unit attached permanently to a U.S. division throughout the Korean War.

Brigadier General Tahsin Yazici was highly regarded in the Turkish military establishment. He stepped down a rank in order to command the first contingent of Turks in the Korean War. While there were cultural and religious differences between Turkish and American troops, both were disciplined forces capable of adapting. However, there was a language barrier that was more difficult to overcome.[9] General Yazici did not speak English, and Americans had overlooked the difficulty the language barrier would present.

The brigade had a full turnover after a period of one year's service. During the service of the 3rd Brigade in 1953, the Korean Armistice was signed. Thereafter, Turkey continued maintaining forces at full brigade level for another seven years, in accordance with United Nations agreements. Kenan Evren, the seventh President of the Republic of Turkey, served in the Brigade from 1958 until 1959.

The advance party of the Turkish Brigade arrived in Pusan on 12 October 1950. The main body arrived five days later, October 17 from the eastern Mediterranean port of Iskenderun, Turkey, and the brigade went into bivouac near Taegu where it underwent training and received U.S. equipment. The brigade was attached to the U.S. 25th Infantry Division.

United Nations Forces Commander in Chief, General Douglas MacArthur, described the Turkish Brigade's contribution to the war:

The military situation in Korea is being followed with concern by the whole American public. But in these concerned days, the heroism shown by the Turks has given hope to the American nation. It has inculcated them with courage. The American public fully appreciates the value of the services rendered by the Turkish Brigade and knows that because of them the Eighth American Army could withdraw without disarray. The American public understands that the United Nations Forces in Korea were saved from encirclement and from falling into the hands of the communists by the heroism shown by the Turks.[10]

The Turkish Brigade, between November 1950 and July 1953, fought in the following battles:

On 26 November 1950, a column of retreating ROK (South Korean) soldiers of the ROK 6th and 7th Divisions from Tokchon was attacked by a battalion of Turks who were the first to arrive at Wawon, after the Turks mistook the Koreans for Chinese. One hundred twenty-five South Koreans were taken prisoner and some were killed by the Turks. Due to false intelligence, the Turks were expecting an encounter with Chinese forces somewhere on the road.[13] The event was wrongly reported in American and European media as a Turkish victory over the Chinese and even after news leaked out about the truth to the Americans, no efforts were made by the media to fix the story.[14][15][16] The next day on 27 November, east of Wawon, leading Turkish party was ambushed by Chinese and suffered a major defeat, with heavy casualties suffered by the Turks.[17] Survivors of the leading Turkish party appeared in the zone of the American 38th Infantry north and northwest of the Wawon road the next day.[18] The Turks lost most of their equipment, vehicles, and artillery and sustained casualties of up to 1,000 dead or wounded after fighting with the Chinese forces with superior numbers around the Kaechon and Kunu-ri area, and the Tokchon-Kunu-ri road.[19] Although the Turkish Brigade was cut off when they were encircled by Chinese regiments, they were still be able to breach the Chinese trap and rejoin the US 2nd Infantry Division.[20] Delay of Chinese troops advance after meeting with heavy Turkish resistance, helped United Nations forces to withdraw without suffering many casualties and reassemble later in December.[20] After Battle of Wawon, Turks were sent to assist the South Korean ROK II Corps.[21] Later in December, General Tahsin Yazici and fifteen Turkish officers and men of his command were decorated by General Walton Walker with Silver Star and Bronze Star medals for their bravery against Chinese during Battle of Wawon.[22]

The Turkish Brigade had never before engaged in combat on foreign soil. They engaged in intense melee combat with the Chinese at the Battle of Wawon on 28 November and the survival of the US Eighth Army is attributed by UN commanders to the Turkish Brigade keeping the Chinese engaged for three days.[23] On 29 November, the Turks were expelled by the Chinese from Sinnim-ni and were forced to retreat in complete disarray to Pyongmyong-ni and Kunu-ri.[24] The Turkish Brigade's commanding General Tahsin Yazıcı said during the battle of Wawon - "Why retreat? We're killing Chinese!".[25] The Chinese defeat of the Turks at Pongmyong-ni resulted in havoc since the retreat of the Turks exposed the right flank of the American 38th infantry, and the disarrayed mass of retreating Turks stopped the 1st Battalion from taking their place at the 38th infantry's flank after Colonel George B. Peploe commanded them to cover the exposed flank.[26] Clay Blair noted that in reality, the Eighth Army was left completely unprotected on its right flank due to the Turkish retreat, describing them as "overrated, poorly led green troops" who "broke and bugged out", despite both Chinese and American sources stating otherwise. American Colonel Paul Freeman, said that the Turks had a "look at the situation," "and they had no stomach for it, and they were running in all directions,[27][28][29] and yet Freeman contentiously withdrew his own regiment, thereby exposing the rear of the US 2nd Infantry Division to Chinese attack.[30] However, historian Bevin Alexander noted that given the Turkish Brigade was the only UN force present between Wawon and Kunu-ri, the Chinese inability to capture Kunu-ri before the US 2nd Infantry Division meant the Turks had fulfilled their original mission and covered the withdrawal of the US IX Corps successfully.[31] Chinese sources also note that the resistance from the much smaller Turkish force was so unexpectedly stubborn, the 340th regiment had to be called to reinforce the 342nd, which was locked in a stalemate.[32]

The brigade's most costly battle was Kunu-ri, which took place towards the end of 1950. Actually a series of four encounters lasting from 26 November to 6 December 1950; Battle of Wawon on 28 November, Sinnim-ni, 28-29 November, Kunuri Gorge, 29-30 November, and Sunchon Gorge on 30 November 1950.[33] The brigade lost over 15% of its personnel and 70% of equipment at Kunuri, with 218 killed and 455 wounded, and close to 100 taken prisoner.[34]

Along with the rest of the United Nations forces, Turkish Brigade was named as one of the units which required "rest and refitting" after being exhausted by the fighting in November 1950.[35]

After the battle of Kumyangjang-Ni, 25-26 January 1951, in which the Turkish Brigade repulsed a Chinese force three times its size,[citation needed ] although the Turkish brigade was decimated by repeated determined attacks by North Koreans and Chinese since it did not coordinate with any American units,[36][37][38][39] President Harry Truman signed a Distinguished Unit Citation (now the Presidential Unit Citation) on 11 July 1951. The brigade was also awarded the Presidential Unit Citation from the President of Korea.

The Turkish Armed Forces Command (TAFC) was a regimental combat team with three infantry battalions, along with supporting artillery and engineers. The three battalions were commanded by Major Imadettin Kuranel, Major Mithat Ulunu, and Major Lütfü Bilgon. It was the only brigade-sized UN unit attached permanently to a U.S. division throughout the Korean War.

The Turkish Brigade comprised:

241st Infantry Regiment, composed of three Infantry Battalions

Motorized Field Artillery Battalion, composed of three Howitzer Batteries and a Headquarters Battery. Each Howitzer Battery consisted of six 105 mm guns

Motorized Engineering Company

Motorized Anti-Aircraft Battery

Transportation Truck Company

Motorized Signal Platoon

Motorized Anti-Tank Platoon

Medical Company

Repair and Maintenance Unit

Military Band

Replacement Company, composed of various branch and non-commissioned officers, and soldiers, such as Infantry, Artillery, Signal, Engineering, etc.

Overall losses for the Turkish Brigade in Korea were 721 killed in action, 2,111 wounded and 168 missing.[5] Among the losses was the sole Turkish pilot, Muzaffer Erdönmez, who piloted a US B-26 and was shot down over Wonch Ang-nı while bombing the railroad tracks.[40] A total of 14,936 men served in the brigade between 1950 and 1953[1] with about 5,455 soldiers in Korea at any one time.[41] The United Nations Memorial Cemetery in Busan, South Korea is the burial place for 462 of those casualties.[42] Two memorials to the Turkish soldiers are at the cemetery.[43][44]

In 1954, a Turkish film bearing the operation code name of the Turkish Brigade ( Şimal Yıldızı), directed by Atıf Yılmaz and starring Ayhan Işık, which praised the deeds of the unit was released.[45]

The Turkish Brigade is featured in the Unification Church-funded 1982 film Inchon, which inaccurately depicts the unit being involved in the Battle of Inchon (in reality the Brigade did not arrive until the month after the battle). Gabriele Ferzetti plays the commander of the Brigade.[citation needed ]

The seventh President of Turkey, Kenan Evren, had served in Korea in the Turkish Brigade, 1958-1959.

In the 1974 M*A*S*H episode "A Full Rich Day", Hawkeye records a letter to his dad detailing the exploits of a mad Turkish soldier, and other events.

The 2017 Turkish film Ayla: The Daughter of War is based on the true story of a young war orphan nursed back to health from near-death by a sergeant in the Turkish Brigade but torn apart from him when he was unable to take her back to Turkey at the end of the war, and their reunion sixty years later.[46]

1. ^ Şimal Yıldızı, Rahim Er, 21 September 2009, Türkiye

2. Kutup Yıldızı - Kore Savaşı'nın 50. Yıldönümü ("North Star: the 50th Anniversary of the Korean War", TRT İzmir, Director: Ismail Ragıp Geçmen, 2000)

3. ^ Turkish General Headquarters Military History Department Official Publications No: 7. Turkish Military Forces Korean War Operations (language Turkish).

4. ^ historynet. "Korean War:1st Brigadeś Baptism of Fire".

5. ^ Bruce Steele. "Korea: Gallant allies: The Story of the Turkish Brigade".

6. ^ Martin, P. (1 March 1951). "Courage, Stamina, Shown By Turks Fighting in Korea". The Emporia Gazette.

7. Roy E. Appleman, ^ Disaster in Korea: The Chinese Confront MacArthur, (Texas A&M University Press, 1989), 438.

8. ^ Alexander, Bevin R. (1986). Korea: The First War We Lost. Hippocrene Books. ISBN 978-0870521355.

9. ^ Chinese Military Science Academy (2000). History of War to Resist America and Aid Korea (抗美援朝战争史). Beijing: Chinese Military Science Academy Publishing House. ISBN 7801373901.

10. "Turkish Brigade in Korean War - Kunuri Battles (26-30 November 1950)", ^ Turkish Times Weekly, (Tuesday, 9 January 2007). Retrieved on 2008-09-29.

11. ^ Ercan Haytoğlu, "Kore Savaşi Ve Denızlı Kore Şehıtlerı İle GAZİLERİ", Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi Yıl:2002 (1) Sayı:11, p. 94

12. ^ Stewart, Richard W. The Korean War: The Chinese Intervention. p. 14. CMH Pub 19-8.

13. ^ Walker, Jack D. "A brief account of the Korean War".

14. ^ "South Koreans, allies pay tribute to Turkish war effort". Daily News. Pakistan Defence. June 27, 2010.

15. ^ UNMCK: Turkish Memorial I Archived 2020-10-29 at the Wayback Machine; UNMCK: Turkish Memorial II Archived 2020-10-29 at the Wayback Machine

16. ^ Şimal Yıldızı Archived 2011-01-07 at the Wayback Machine, Sinematürk

17. ^ "'Ayla,' a movie based on a heart-breaking 65-year-old real-life story". korea.net. 2 May 2017.

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The Turkish Brigade ( code name North Star; Turkish: Şimal Yıldızı [3] or Kutup Yıldızı [4] ) was an infantry brigade of the Turkish Army that served under United Nations Command during the Korean War (1950-1953). Turkey was one of 22 countries to contribute manpower to U.N.

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The Korean War started on 25 June 1950 and ended on 27 July 1953, after the signing of an armistice agreeing that the country would remain divided.

At the end of the Second World War, Korea - which had formerly been occupied by the Japanese - was divided along the 38th parallel. This was an internal border between North and South Korea based on a circle of latitude.

North Korea, supported by the Soviet Union, invaded the south on the 25 June 1950, which was supported by the United States.

The three-year war was exceptionally bloody and led to the deaths of 3 million people and tens of thousands of casualties. Listen to oral histories from those who fought in the Korean War and discover their unique stories of the conflict in: Voices of the Korean War.

Discover more about the history of the conflict below, often referred to as the 'Forgotten War'.

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At the end of the Second World War, Korea - which had formerly been occupied by the Japanese - was divided along the 38th Parallel. This was an internal border between North and South Korea based on a circle of latitude.

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Table of Contents

1. North vs. South Korea

2. The Korean War and the Cold War

3. 'No Substitute for Victory'

4. The Korean War Reaches a Stalemate

5. Korean War Casualties&nbsp;

The Korean war began on June 25, 1950, when some 75,000 soldiers from the North Korean People's Army poured across the 38th parallel, the boundary between the Soviet-backed Democratic People's Republic of Korea to the north and the pro-Western Republic of Korea to the south. This invasion was the first military action of the Cold War. By July, American troops had entered the war on South Korea's behalf. As far as American officials were concerned, it was a war against the forces of international communism itself. After some early back-and-forth across the 38th parallel, the fighting stalled and casualties mounted with nothing to show for them. Meanwhile, American officials worked anxiously to fashion some sort of armistice with the North Koreans. The alternative, they feared, would be a wider war with Russia and China-or even, as some warned, World War III. Finally, in July 1953, the Korean War came to an end. In all, some 5 million soldiers and civilians lost their lives in what many in the U.S. refer to as "the Forgotten War" for the lack of attention it received compared to more well-known conflicts like World War I and II and the Vietnam War. The Korean peninsula remains divided today.

North vs. South Korea

"If the best minds in the world had set out to find us the worst possible location in the world to fight this damnable war," U.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson (1893-1971) once said, "the unanimous choice would have been Korea." The peninsula had landed in America's lap almost by accident. Since the beginning of the 20th century, Korea had been a part of the Japanese empire, and after World War II it fell to the Americans and the Soviets to decide what should be done with their enemy's imperial possessions. In August 1945, two young aides at the State Department divided the Korean peninsula in half along the 38th parallel. The Russians occupied the area north of the line and the United States occupied the area to its south.

Did you know? Unlike World War II and Vietnam, the Korean War did not get much media attention in the United States. The most famous representation of the war in popular culture is the television series "M*A*S*H," which was set in a field hospital in South Korea. The series ran from 1972 until 1983, and its final episode was the most-watched in television history.

By the end of the decade, two new states had formed on the peninsula. In the south, the anti-communist dictator Syngman Rhee (1875-1965) enjoyed the reluctant support of the American government; in the north, the communist dictator Kim Il Sung (1912-1994) enjoyed the slightly more enthusiastic support of the Soviets. Neither dictator was content to remain on his side of the 38th parallel, however, and border skirmishes were common. Nearly 10,000 North and South Korean soldiers were killed in battle before the war even began.

The Korean War and the Cold War

Even so, the North Korean invasion came as an alarming surprise to American officials. As far as they were concerned, this was not simply a border dispute between two unstable dictatorships on the other side of the globe. Instead, many feared it was the first step in a communist campaign to take over the world. For this reason, nonintervention was not considered an option by many top decision makers. (In fact, in April 1950, a National Security Council report known as NSC-68 had recommended that the United States use military force to "contain" communist expansionism anywhere it seemed to be occurring, "regardless of the intrinsic strategic or economic value of the lands in question.")

"If we let Korea down," President Harry Truman (1884-1972) said, "the Soviet[s] will keep right on going and swallow up one [place] after another." The fight on the Korean peninsula was a symbol of the global struggle between east and west, good and evil, in the Cold War. As the North Korean army pushed into Seoul, the South Korean capital, the United States readied its troops for a war against communism itself.

At first, the war was a defensive one to get the communists out of South Korea, and it went badly for the Allies. The North Korean army was well-disciplined, well-trained and well-equipped; Rhee's forces in the South Korean army, by contrast, were frightened, confused and seemed inclined to flee the battlefield at any provocation. Also, it was one of the hottest and driest summers on record, and desperately thirsty American soldiers were often forced to drink water from rice paddies that had been fertilized with human waste. As a result, dangerous intestinal diseases and other illnesses were a constant threat.

By the end of the summer, President Truman and General Douglas MacArthur (1880-1964), the commander in charge of the Asian theater, had decided on a new set of war aims. Now, for the Allies, the Korean War was an offensive one: It was a war to "liberate" the North from the communists.

Initially, this new strategy was a success. The Inch'on Landing, an amphibious assault at Inch'on, pushed the North Koreans out of Seoul and back to their side of the 38th parallel. But as American troops crossed the boundary and headed north toward the Yalu River, the border between North Korea and Communist China, the Chinese started to worry about protecting themselves from what they called "armed aggression against Chinese territory." Chinese leader Mao Zedong (1893-1976) sent troops to North Korea and warned the United States to keep away from the Yalu boundary unless it wanted full-scale war.

'No Substitute for Victory'

This was something that President Truman and his advisers decidedly did not want: They were sure that such a war would lead to Soviet aggression in Europe, the deployment of atomic weapons and millions of senseless deaths. To General MacArthur, however, anything short of this wider war represented "appeasement," an unacceptable knuckling under to the communists.

As President Truman looked for a way to prevent war with the Chinese, MacArthur did all he could to provoke it. Finally, in March 1951, he sent a letter to Joseph Martin, a House Republican leader who shared MacArthur's support for declaring all-out war on China-and who could be counted upon to leak the letter to the press. "There is," MacArthur wrote, "no substitute for victory" against international communism.

For Truman, this letter was the last straw. On April 11, the president fired the general for insubordination.

The Korean War Reaches a Stalemate

In July 1951, President Truman and his new military commanders started peace talks at Panmunjom. Still, the fighting continued along the 38th parallel as negotiations stalled. Both sides were willing to accept a ceasefire that maintained the 38th parallel boundary, but they could not agree on whether prisoners of war should be forcibly "repatriated." (The Chinese and the North Koreans said yes; the United States said no.)

Finally, after more than two years of negotiations, the adversaries signed an armistice on July 27, 1953. The agreement allowed the POWs to stay where they liked; drew a new boundary near the 38th parallel that gave South Korea an extra 1,500 square miles of territory; and created a 2-mile-wide "demilitarized zone" that still exists today.

Korean War Casualties

The Korean War was relatively short but exceptionally bloody. Nearly 5 million people died. More than half of these-about 10 percent of Korea's prewar population-were civilians. (This rate of civilian casualties was higher than World War II's and the Vietnam War's.) Almost 40,000 Americans died in action in Korea, and more than 100,000 were wounded. Today, they are remembered at the Korean War Veterans Memorial near the Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., a series of 19 steel statues of servicemen, and the Korean War memorial in Fullerton, California, the first on the West Coast to include the names of the more than 30,000 Americans who died in the war.

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Korean War - Causes, Timeline & Veterans

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On June 25, 1950, the Korean War began when some 75,000 soldiers from the North Korean People's Army poured across the 38th parallel, the boundary between the Soviet-backed Democratic People's Republic of Korea to the north and the pro-Western Republic of Korea to the south. Explore the war's causes, timeline, facts and end.

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Korean War | Combatants, Summary, Years, Map, Casualties, & Facts

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Korean War | Combatants, Summary, Years, Map, Casualties, & Facts | Britannica

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The Korean War was a conflict (1950–53) between North Korea, aided by China, and South Korea, aided by the UN with the U.S. as the principal participant. At least 2.5 million people lost their lives in the fighting, which ended in July 1953 with Korea still divided into two hostile states separated by the 38th parallel.

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Ayla: The Daughter of War is a real story of never-ending anticipation

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New Age | The Most Popular Outspoken English Daily in Bangladesh

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Ayla: The Daughter of War is 2017 movie directed by Can Ulkay. Set in the 1950s Korea war, the Turkish movie is he story of compassion and love. Despite being abominable for creating inauspicious atrocities, sometimes wars beget the altruistic inherent nature of people, writes Shafin Saif
The movie is a real-life story of Turkish Army Sergeant Suleyman and his adopted daughter Ayla during the Korean War in the 1950s. Followed by a documentary Kore Ayla (2010) the movie is directed by Can Ulkay. It was pre-screened for the first time in Turkey at Grand Pera Emek Movie Theatre by the Beyoğlu Municipality on the 60th anniversary of the friendship between Turkey and the Republic of Korea. Prominent actors like Çetin Tekindor, Ismail Hacioglu, Kyung-jin Lee were some of the major casts of this movie.

The movie belongs to the war and drama genre. Wars always created devastating experiences, mankind has ever gone through. But there is a saying by famous Roman philosopher Seneca, 'Wherever there is a human being, there is an opportunity of kindnesses.' Indeed, this movie is a perfect portrayal of that thought.

After the baleful incident of World War II, mankind was striving for peace but instead of that, the triumphant allied forces started colliding with one another. The communist bloc led by the USSR and the capitalist bloc led by the USA indulged themselves into another struggle for power. It resulted in the cold war.

This cold war was initiated by waging the Korean War. Afterwards, these two blocks fought several proxy wars against each other in many parts of the world to establish hegemony as well as their ideology. Alike other wars, the Korean war was nothing but a story of human suffering, detachment of families, confiscation of people from the ancestral home. This war ultimately resulted in the division of Korea.

Again, likewise other wars it originated numerous tale of compassion. In popular culture movies like The Pianist (2002) or Saving Private Ryan (1997) told us the story of survival as well as saving a life. This movie is no different from those. Moreover, it's a real story of a soldier's struggle to protect the kid he found from the haystack. During the whole running time of 124 minutes, scenarios are sharply screen played by Yigit Guralp which will never let your eye move an inch.

While North Korea invaded South Korea in the 1950s, Turkey decided to send its troops to aid South Korea. Under the command of General Tahsin Yazici, 5090 soldiers were sent to the Republic of Korea. Sergeant Suleyman Dilbirligi, aged 25, was one of the thousands of Turkish soldiers who went to Korea willingly. Suleyman was a rattling guy who wanted to marry a pretty girl and settling with a standard livelihood. But to find adventure he acquiesced to that mission with his companion Ali who is another central figure of the movie.

One night while the Turkish unit was returning to the base after a bloody fight, Suleyman stumbled into the ground and noticed a bit of movement from the bush. Being stuck between two choices either its enemy or an animal, Suleyman found a five-year-old girl from the bushes shivering with cold and utmost fear. Between the atrocities of the war, the girl was abandoned by his family and the whole village was massacred.

Amidst of war, it was impossible to find the child's family so that they brought her to the camp and gave her a Turkish name Ayla which means like the moon. Soon, Ayla became the apple of the eye of everyone living in the army camp. She started calling Suleyman Baba, which is a father in Turkish and his other colleagues became her uncles. That's how the bonafide generous love story initiates. Though Suleyman was not his biological father despite his affection towards her was more than that.

Being a paramount symbol of a father Suleyman took care of Ayla for 15 months. Then the trouble started which will lead him to a dilemma either returning to Turkey or living in Korea.

Getting stuck in this labyrinth, will Suleyman become able to be reunited with Ayla? How long they have to wait for each other? To know the answers we need to watch that movie. Indeed, it was a true example of love, kindness and humanity.

Despite being abominable for creating inauspicious atrocities, sometimes wars beget the altruistic inherent nature of people. This movie is not different from that. A soldier task is not always taking life on the battlefield, sometimes saving becomes more exigent. The famous movies from the war genre Hacksaw Ridge (2016) may be cited as an example.

Nevertheless, the following movie delineated the strong affinity between father and children distressingly. For instance, in the movie Train to Busan (2016), where a father ran on the whole movie to protect her daughter from the zombies. Similarly, here, the protagonist ran all along to save his beloved. It was not only about protecting the child's life the latter half of the movie portrayed a scenario of anticipation.

The movie got an IMDB rating of 8.4/10 and was selected as the Turkish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 90th Academy Awards. Although it was not nominated it placed itself as one of the best films in the joint production of South Korea and Turkey. The movie has been appreciated in both of the countries. When you will look at the list of top-rated Korean or Turkish movie, you are going to find it on the top tier.
Shafin Saif is a student of Jahangirnagar University.

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most popular outspoken english daily newpaper in bangladesh

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most popular english daily newpaper in bangladesh

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Ayla: The Daughter of War is a real story of never-ending anticipation

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Ayla: The Daughter of War is 2017 movie directed by Can Ulkay. Set in the 1950s Korea war, the Turkish movie is he story of compassion and love. Despite being abominable for creating inauspicious atrocities, sometimes wars beget the altruistic inherent nature of people, writes Shafin Saif

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'Ayla: The Daughter of War': Film Review

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The touching real-life tale of a Turkish sergeant who saves a small Korean girl becomes long, heart-tugging fiction in Ayla: The Daughter of War, directed by Can Ulkay. The story is well-known both in South Korea and in Turkey, and was told in the 2010 South Korean doc , which inspired the present film. A documentary feeling still persists in Yigit Guralp's screenplay, which struggles to stay focused while faithfully recounting a passel of real-life incidents.

Ismail Hacioglu headlines a professional Turkish cast as the patriotic, level-headed but warm-hearted young officer, with little Kim Seol (who made her bow as a toddler on South Korean TV) in the role of the adorable Ayla and a cameo by a distinguished Eric Roberts as Lt. Gen. John Breitling Coulter, the deputy commander of U.S. forces in Korea. Turkey proposed the film for the foreign-language Oscar, a calculated choice but one that didn't make the shortlist amid many other films about children and war. Its next stop is the Palm Springs film festival, where it is likely to be a crowd-pleaser.

Suleyman Dilbirligi (Hacioglu) is introduced as a small-town dandy in 1950. He plans to marry a pretty girl and settle down to a normal life, but first he signs up for some adventure time in the Korean war, where Turkey is part of a last-minute UN task force. He and his joking buddy Ali (Ali Atay) reach the front totally unprepared for combat.

Though the war is in its final stages, his infantry division is immediately attacked by North Korean troops and warplanes in the first of several edgy, well-staged battle scenes. Showing their valor and prowess, the Turks win the skirmish, but when they search the woods for the enemy, Suleyman stumbles onto a scene of carnage. An entire village has been massacred, and only a little girl clutching the hand of her dead mother is miraculously alive.

Saving her from another ambush, he takes her back to headquarters, where she becomes the darling mascot of the Turkish troops. She's too shocked to talk or tell them her name, so they call her Ayla ("halo") for her cute round face. She eventually calls Suleyman "Papa" and he comes to look on her as his daughter, despite warnings that he will have to leave her behind one day. Many humorous, dramatic, and heart-warming scenes later, this is exactly what happens. The Turkish troops withdraw and Suleyman is obsessed with finding a way to bring Ayla home with him.

The film then jumps ahead to long codas set in 1999 and 2010. Suleyman is an elderly man with a wife and grown children when he is approached by a documentary film team to relive his story. If the Korean war scenes felt stretched at times, doubling back over the reactions of family and friends at home, they were carried forward emotionally by Ayla and Suleyman's single-minded affection for each other. These final scenes, which even introduce new characters, would have been better summarized in written titles, instead of ending this unusual story on a conventional note meant to wring out a few more tears.

The straightforward storytelling is matched by a retro '50s look, not just in Firat Yunluel's production design but in the camerawork, staging and obtrusive use of music that seem inspired by old Hollywood films.
124 minutes

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'Ayla: The Daughter of War': Film Review

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The touching real-life tale of a Turkish sergeant who saves a small Korean girl becomes long, heart-tugging fiction in Ayla: The Daughter of War, directed by Can Ulkay. The story is well-known both in South Korea and in Turkey, and was told in the 2010 South Korean doc , which inspired the present film.

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Real-life ‘Ayla’ by bedside of Turkish soldier who helped her

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Real-life ‘Ayla’ by bedside of Turkish soldier who helped her

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A few weeks after the premier of ‘Ayla,’ a film based on the true story of Eunja Kim and Turkish soldier Süleyman Dilbirliği, who adopted Kim as an...

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Ayla: The Daughter of War ( Turkish: Ayla) is a 2017 South Korean - Turkish drama film directed by Can Ulkay. It was selected as the Turkish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 90th Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.

Turkey sends a brigade to South Korea as a result of the call for help made by the United Nations when North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950. Sergeant Süleyman, one of the soldiers in the brigade, finds a little girl whose mother and father were murdered on the battlefield. He gives her the nickname Ayla because he found her in the moonlight. The two form a friendship despite the language barrier between them, but are torn apart when Süleyman had to return home.

Ayla is based on the true story of Kim Eun-ja and Süleyman Dilbirliği, whose real-life reunion was shown in the 2010 Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation documentary Kore Ayla directed by Chuncheon MBC. In casting held in South Korea in 2016, child actress Kim Seol, who had previously played the role of Jin-ju in the popular South Korean television series , was chosen for the role of young Ayla. Ko Eun-min played the role of young Ayla's mother.

Filming began in 2016. The film was sponsored by Turkish Airlines, with support from Turkey's Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Most of the filming was carried out in Turkey. Filming in Turkey was completed in June 2017. The first screening of Ayla movie was held on 11 September 2017 within the scope of the Toronto International Film Festival.[citation needed ] The film was released on 27 October 2017 in Turkey and 21 June 2018 in South Korea.[citation needed ]

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Ayla: The Daughter of War ( Turkish: Ayla ) is a 2017 South Korean - Turkish drama film directed by Can Ulkay. It was selected as the Turkish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 90th Academy Awards, but it was not nominated.