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An assessment instrument is a systematic tool or procedure used to collect information about an individual’s abilities, behavior, or development in order to evaluate, diagnose, or plan interventions. These instruments must be scientifically developed and supported by evidence to ensure accurate and meaningful results.

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Validity – the instrument truly measures what it claims to measure.

Reliability – the results are consistent and stable over time.

Standardization – procedures are applied the same way to all participants.

Relevance – the content is appropriate for the population and purpose.

Practicality – it is feasible to administer, score, and interpret.

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By Area:

Cognitive

Motor

Language

Socio-emotional

Adaptive behavior

By Type:

Standardized tests

Checklists

Observational tools

Developmental scales

Interviews

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Name: Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (Bayley-III)

Area assessed: Cognitive, motor, and language development

Age/Population: 1 to 42 months (infants and toddlers)

Description: A standardized developmental scale that evaluates early milestones across multiple domains.

Example of use: In early stimulation programs, it helps identify developmental delays and guides intervention strategies.

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Name: Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3)

Area assessed: Communication, motor, problem-solving, and personal-social skills

Age/Population: 1 to 66 months (infants and young children)

Description: A parent-completed checklist that screens children’s developmental progress.

Example of use: Used in child psychology and pediatric care to detect developmental concerns early and refer for stimulation activities.

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American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education. (2014). Standards for educational and psychological testing. American Educational Research Association. https://www.testingstandards.net/uploads/7/6/6/4/76643089/standards_2014edition.pdf

American Psychological Association. (2020). APA Dictionary of Psychology. https://dictionary.apa.org

Bayley, N. (2006). Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development – Third Edition (Bayley-III). Pearson Assessments. https://www.pearsonassessments.com/store/usassessments/en/Store/Professional-Assessments/Cognition-%26-Neuro/Bayley-Scales-of-Infant-and-Toddler-Development-%7C-Third-Edition/p/100000111.html

Squires, J., & Bricker, D. (2009). Ages & Stages Questionnaires: A parent-completed child monitoring system (ASQ-3). Brookes Publishing. https://brookespublishing.com/product/asq3