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"Thou art a villian."

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Definition: the outward or external image of an object

Quote: "Who, trimm'd in forms and visages of duty..."

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Singular subject "you", used informally in olden times.

Othello Example: "Thou art a villain." Brabantio to Iago who is telling him Othello is stealing away his daughter

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Definition: North African or Muslim person, refers to cultural identity and race, outsider

"That I did love the Moor to live with him"

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definition: nowadays "doth" means does

example: "For when my outward action doth demonstrate
The native act and figure of my heart"

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To deceive or trick. Also can be described as to mislead. In Othello, Iago misleads both Cassio and Othello by lying to appease both of them, when in reality he is only thinking of himself. He tries to trick Othello into believing that Desdemona is cheating on him with Cassio, while telling Cassio to do things that make it seem that way. "Now i will question Cassio of Bianca, a huswife that by selling her desires buys herself bread and clothes. It is a creature that dotes on Cassio- as 'tis the strumpet's plague to beguile many and be beguiled by one. He, when he hears of her, cannot restrain from the excess of laughter. Here he comes." (4.1.112-118)

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Definition: Anger or irritability; one of the four bodily humors in Renaissance thought.

Example: "Sir, he is rash and very sudden in choler, and haply may strike at you: provoke him, that he may;" - Iago to Roderigo

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Definition: spoke bad about

Example: "Set you down this.
And say besides, that in Aleppo once,
Where a malignant and a turbanned Turk
Beat a Venetian and traduced the state,
I took by th’ throat the circumcisèd dog,
And smote him, thus. <He stabs himself.>"

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A woman of the night or a salacious woman

"A housewife that by selling her desires /Buys herself bread and clothes: it is a/ creature/ That dotes on Cassio; as 'tis the strumpet's plague /To beguile many and be beguiled by one"

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Forsook means to abandon or renounce!

An example: "Hath she forsook so many noble matches, Her father and her country and her friends, To be called “whore”? Would it not make one weep?"

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hath = has

"It hath pleased the devil drunkenness to give place to the devil wrath"

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definition: "dost" means "do"

example: "Upon malicious bravery, dost thou come"

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Definition: Something or someone that is savage and almost inhumane.

Quote: "O, I have lost
my reputation! I have lost the immortal part of myself, and what remains is bestial." Cassio talking to Iago about his reputation after getting fired.

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To mandate is to order, command, or give instruction.

"Here is the man, this Moor, whom now, it seems,
Your special mandate for the state-affairs
Hath hither brought."

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Means "your" before a consonant.

Quote: "Do thy worst"

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Definition: a prostitute or promiscuous women.

Example: Othello calls Desdemona an "impudent strumpet," and she responds saying, "Be not to be a strumpet, I am none."

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Singular object "you", used informally in olden times.

Othello Example: "I here do give thee that with all my heart"

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Refers to a women's virginity and also a woman being unmarried.

Example: "Is there not charms
By which the property of youth and maidhood
May be abused?"

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Definition: Severe criticism or punishment

Quote: "Much castigation, exercise devout; / For here's a young and sweating devil here, / That commonly rebels."

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Means "yours" or "your" after a vowel

Quote: Forth of my heart those charms, thine eyes, are blotted

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Definition:
Alacrity means doing something quickly and cheerfully, with energy and eagerness. It’s when you jump into action right away without hesitation.

Example from Othello:
My thrice-driven bed of down: I do agnise
A natural and prompt alacrity
I find in hardness, and do undertake
These present wars against the Ottomites.

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Showy but empty speech. It look/sounds wordy and meaningful but it isn't much use. "But he; as loving his own pride and purposes,
Evades them, with a bombast circumstance
Horribly stuff'd with epithets of war;"

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Fulsome is when something is excessive especially when its ingenuine or unnecessary

Iago is fulsome in his efforts to convince Othello of Desdemona's unfaithfulness without showing Othello his intentions

"Lie with her! lie on her! We say lie on her, when
they belie her. Lie with her! that's fulsome.
--Handkerchief--confessions--handkerchief!--To
confess, and be hanged for his labour;--first, to be
hanged, and then to confess.--I tremble at it."

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Iniquity refers to wickedness or a behavior that is morally evil .

Example from the book:

Iago (how ironic):

IAGO

Though in the trade of war I have slain men,
Yet do I hold it very stuff o' the conscience
To do no contrived murder: I lack iniquity
Sometimes to do me service: nine or ten times
I had thought to have yerk'd him here under the ribs.

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We're off to see the Wizard: 'Wicked: Part One' movie review

On Friday, November 29, I went with my mom, sisters, and niece to see in theaters. I was super excited to see the movie, as I saw on Broadway at the Gershwin Theatre back in 2021, right after Broadway reopened during the pandemic. We had incredible seats - if I'm remembering correctly, I believe we were in the third row! - so we were very close to the stage. I remember it being a fantastic show with incredible musical numbers that had me completely rapt with attention for the entire show.

Warning: The following contains spoilers for Wicked: Part One . Read on at your own risk!
About the show
Directed by John Chu, the movie stars Ariana Grande as Glinda and Cynthia Erivo as Elphaba. I was very excited about this casting and knew we were in for a good show, as both actresses are powerhouse singers with voices that can blow the roof off.

Wicked: Part One was released nationwide on Friday, November 22, and the film currently has a 89% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Clocking in at two hours and 40 minutes, the movie has major star power in the form of Jeff Goldblum at the Wizard, Michelle Yeoh as Madame Morrible, Jonathan Bailey as Fiyero, Ethan Slater as Boq, and 's Bowen Yang as Glinda's friend Pfannee.

Going into the show, I didn't realize that they were splitting it into two parts. The Broadway version of is two hours and 45 minutes with a fifteen minute intermission, and the movie adaptation - which is only the first part! - clocks in at the same length!

Upon discovering that, I was afraid that they were going to drag the movie adaptation out unnecessarily and diverge from the original story just to add extra minutes to the movie. However, I can honestly say that while they did add more scenes that weren't originally in the Broadway production, they only enhanced the story and allowed us to get a better sense of Elphaba's backstory, as well as the way in which Elphaba and Glinda's friendship blossomed.
Adaptation changes from the Broadway show
Although doesn't alter any of the major plot points of the musical, there are some differences in the movie as opposed to the Broadway show. For one, in the Broadway play, Elphaba is also enrolled in Shiz University, along with her sister, Nessarose. In the movie, Elphaba is only there to drop off Nessarose and see that she gets settled in at her new school, but ends up impressing Madame Morrible, who later invites her to stay and take a sorcery seminar.

The scene before Elphaba gets on the train to go to the Emerald City is also extended. There is more dialogue while she waits for the train, including Glinda's concern that Fiyero is "thinking too much" and has seemed different since Dr. Dillamond was taken away from Shiz in the middle of class. This portion of the scene comes straight from the Broadway play, but there are slight changes to the following scenes. In the movie, Elphaba decides to invite Glinda to go with her after she gets on the train and looks at a gift that Glinda gave her, while in the Broadway play, Elphaba only invites Glinda because she feels bad that Fiyero seems to be neglecting her.

When Elphaba and Glinda make it to the Emerald City, they see a show called "Wizomania," which details the story of how the Wizard came to be the ruler of Oz and foreshadows the importance of the Grimmerie, an ancient spell book from Oz.

After Elphaba and Glinda meet the Wizard in the film, he shows them the "Oz of Tomorrow" which is a scaled model of Oz including a path that he plans to build to connect Munchkinland to the Emerald City. He asks Elphaba and Glinda for their help in choosing the color for the brick road, in which Glinda chooses yellow. This scene is not in the Broadway show, but adds a fun little detail to the film adaptation.

The final scene is far longer as well. Instead of "Defying Gravity" being performed with only brief breaks - like it is in the Broadway play - the song is broken up into sections and intersected with additional dialogue and scene elements, making the entire "Defying Gravity" scene clock in at 14 minutes. Cynthia Erivo also changes the final battle cry note of "Defying Gravity" slightly, essentially making it her own and cementing her version of Elphaba.
Final thoughts
I know people are very loyal to Kristin Chenoweth and Idina Menzel's versions of Glinda and Elphaba, respectively, and I have to say, I was a little apprehensive to see Ariana Grande and Cynthia Erivo take on such iconic characters.

However, Ariana Grande completely blew my socks off as Glinda. She not only maintained the essence of the character, but also was able to make it her own. Her voice was also incredible , and I completely adored her version of "Popular," which has been stuck in my head since seeing the movie.

Cynthia Erivo also stunned as Elphaba. I was unfamiliar with Cynthia Erivo and didn't realize she had such a beautiful voice! I had actual chills while she was singing "Defying Gravity."

I also think that Jonathan Bailey as Fiyero truly was the unsung hero of Wicked: Part One . He not only has a great voice (that I was unaware he possessed!), but he is also an incredible dancer! He truly made "Dancing Through Life" his own and I found that he outshined all of the actors in the scene when it came to the choreography. I couldn't keep my eyes off of him!

My final consensus is that Wicked: Part One was a faithful, wonderful adaptation of the Broadway show and I would highly recommend seeing it - whether you're familiar with the story or not!

Wicked: Part One is playing in theaters now. Wicked: Part Two is set to be released in theaters on November 21, 2025.

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We're off to see the Wizard: 'Wicked: Part One' movie review - Main Street Magazine

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On Friday, November 29, I went with my mom, sisters, and niece to see Wicked in theaters. I was super excited to see the movie, as I saw Wicked on Broadway at the Gershwin Theatre back in 2021, right after Broadway reopened during the pandemic.

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Definition: Overly submissive or eager to please.

Example: "I follow him to serve my turn upon him: We cannot all be masters, nor all masters cannot truly be follow'd. You shall mark many a duteous and knee-crooking knave, that, doting on his own obsequious bondage, weas out his time." (1.1.45-50)

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Definition: The state of being fully satisfied

Othello Example: "When the blood is made dull with the act of sport, there should be, again to inflame it and to give satiety a fresh appetite, loveliness in favour, sympathy in years, manners and beauties; all which the Moor is defective in"

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Definition: a man who suspects or fears that his wife has not been loyal in their marriage

Quote: "that cuckold lives in bliss
Who, certain of his fate, loves not his wronger;" Iago tells Othello that he can still live in happiness now that he knows of Desdemona's unfaithfulness.