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Definition: Injury caused by rubbing or scraping of the skin against a hard surface.

Picture: Abrasions appear as superficial scrapes or grazes on the skin.

Initial Care: Clean the wound gently with water and mild soap, remove debris, apply antibiotic ointment, and cover with a sterile bandage.

Post Care: Keep wound clean and covered, change dressing daily, monitor for signs of infection, and consult doctor if severe or near sensitive areas.

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Laceration

Definition: Deep cut or tear in the skin usually caused by sharp objects like knives or glass.

Picture: Lacerations show as deep cuts with jagged edges.

Initial Care: Stop bleeding by applying pressure, clean wound with water, cover with sterile dressing, seek medical attention if deep or bleeding heavily.

Post Care: May require sutures (stitches), keep wound clean and dry, follow up for suture removal, watch for infection.

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Puncture Wound

Definition: Small but deep wound caused by a pointed object like a nail or needle.

Picture: Appears as a small hole with possible bleeding or swelling.

Initial Care: Clean thoroughly, control bleeding, may require tetanus shot if dirty.

Post Care: Monitor for infection as punctures easily trap bacteria, keep wound clean and covered, seek medical care if worsening.

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Burns

Definition: Tissue damage caused by heat, chemicals, radiation, electricity, or sun.

Picture: Burns vary from red and painful (1st degree) to blistered or charred (2nd and 3rd degrees).

Initial Care: Cool burn with running cool water, cover loosely with sterile dressing, avoid breaking blisters.

Post Care: Seek medical help for severe burns, follow wound care instructions, possible referral for specialized treatment.

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Avulsion

Definition: Severe injury where layers of skin are torn off exposing underlying tissues.

Picture: Large open wound with exposed muscle or fat.

Initial Care: Control bleeding, cover wound with sterile dressing, seek immediate medical attention.

Post Care: Usually requires surgical repair and sutures.