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YouTube. (2022, May 9). Next Generation Science. YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yZRsyiOl3kk

Inspire Education. (23AD). YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sZMIpHYzSWs

Elridge, S. (n.d.). Temperate rainforest. Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/temperate-rainforest

Reed, S. P., Bronson, D. R., Forrester, J. A., Prudent, L. M., Yang, A. M., Yantes, A. M., Reich, P. B., & Frelich, L. E. (2023, March 24). Linked disturbance in the temperate forest: Earthworms, deer ... esajournals. https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ecy.4040

Maldvakar, U., Mehra, M., Toensmeier, E., & Frischmann, C. (2024, March 2). Temperate Forest Restoration. Project Drawdown. https://drawdown.org/solutions/temperate-forest-restoration

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Located outside of the tropics, found through out the continents, where humid air climbs up mountain ranges lie Temperate Rainforests. There lies large forests, yielding anywhere from 150 to 500 cm of rain, causing large plant growth throughout. Temperatures vary mildly between summers and winters.

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Because of the mild fluctuation of temperatures and varied canopies of the rainforests, these biomes can hold numerous amounts of fauna.

As per Britannica, North American contain black bears, deers, elk, as well as a multitude of of birds.

Within Southern America lie multiple species of reptiles, birds, and mammals.

Oceanic species contain echidnas, geckos, lyrebirds, and platypi.

Image via iStock

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As they are rainforests, it is obvious there will be many trees and types of trees throughout the environment. The type of trees varies through the continents however.

As per Britiannica.com, some of these trees include Redwood, Fir, Cedar, and Spruces, along with multiple ferns and mosses lie just in North American Temperate Rainforests.

Among the South American Rainforests lie trees such as Robles, Laurels, and Cypress. There is also an endangered tree species called the "Monkey-Puzzle Tree", as the needle-shaped leaves hinder monkeys from climbing them.

Oceanic trees primarily are composed of Eucalyptuses, Crabapple, and corkwood.

Image via Shutterstock

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Within the Temperate Rainforest lie many endemic and endangered species, along with some relationships between animals within them.

As per Britannica, spotted owl and grizzle bears are endangered in North America.

South America has multiple endemic species which are also endangered being the Darwin's frog, Vanzolini's spiny-chest frog, and the southern river otter.

Oceania on the other hand contains the Gondwana rainforests, a World Heritage site containing small portions of rainforests.

Also, all via esajournals, was a study to test a theory on disturbances causing an invasive species of earthworm to fester, via an overpopulation of deer and gaps within the canopy. Through the study, conducted in a North American forest, they discovered via observation that deer increased the amount of these earthworms, while increased sunlight through the canopies gaps reduced them.

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As per our PowerPoints, a biome is "Ecosystems of similar communes recognized by the plant type and vegetation structures." They also typically have similar weather, such as temperatures and precipitation.

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As per Britannica, the large amount of flora within the forests cause a large reduction in carbon dioxide within the atmosphere stored within the trees.

These are threatened by both loggers, destroying trees in exchange for lumber. Logging has gone to such an extent, that certain forests, such as in British Columbia, that only one percent of old-growth trees are still standing.

Climate change also damage these forest, causing much faster growth and decay cycles within the forest, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide sequestered into the woods.

While there are these threats towards these forest, there have been multiple projects to conserve these forests. One of these projects, Project Drawdown is attempting to do this by finding which zones need help the most, and attempts to solve problems within these in danger areas. They have multiple methods, such as increasing sequestration of Carbon Dioxide, or restoring forests in order to help restore the forests.