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The Battle of Antietam also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg was the first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Union soil. Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard ordered his men to open fire on the Union troops holding Fort Sumter; forcing Major Robert Anderson to surrender the fort for Confederate victory. It is the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with a combined tally of dead, wounded, and missing at 22,717.

http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/fort-sumter.htm l

http://www.charlestonbatterytour.com/fort-sumter.htm

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First Battle of Bull Run (July 21,  1861)

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First Battle of Bull Run (July 21,  1861)

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Both sides clashed at Manassas Junction, Virginia. The Union Gen McDowell faced Gen Jackson near a creek of Bull Run, the confederates fought a defensive war leading to a break on the offensive line. The Union army retreated in chaos leading to raised morale in the South. http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run

http://www.britishbattles.com/abes/1861/1st-bull-run.htm

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Confederate Fort Henry was attacked by two divisions led by Gen U.S Grant and flag officer Andrew H. Foote’s bombardment. Confederate Gen Lylod Thilghman knew it was a matter of time the fort would fall and surrendered but not before he escorted his troops safely out. It was the first important victory for the Union and Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in the Western Theater. http://www.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/tn001.htm

http://housedivided.dickinson.edu/sites/blogdivided/2010/06/23/the-battle-of-fort-henry-february-6-1862/

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Battle of Fort Donelson (February 16,1862)

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Battle of Fort Donelson (February 16,1862)

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After Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant had captured Fort Henry, Fort Donelson was his next objective. The 12,000 men at the fort surrendered unconditionally, automatically giving Grant the victory. This battle made sure that Kentucky would stay in the Union.

http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/fort-donelson.html

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1862/battle-fort-donelson.htm

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A Confederate surprise attack led by Gen Sidney Johnson obliterated Union forces under General Ulysses Grant. The Confederates could not hold their attack and forced back by the Union victory. http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-shiloh

http://www.history.com/news/4-things-you-may-no-know-about-the-battle-of-shiloh

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Forty-three ships under the command of Union Admiral David G. Farragut entered the Mississippi River near New Orleans. Confederate General Mansfield Lovell took his 3,000 troops northward after realizing that resisting would be useless. New Orleans was was taken on April 25, and later commanded by 15,000 Union troops led there by General B.F. Butler. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/411915/Battle-of-New-Orleans

http://www.civil-war-journeys.org/Civil%20War%20Classes/the_war_of_1812.htm

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Second Battle of Bull Run (August 28-30, 1862)

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Second Battle of Bull Run (August 28-30, 1862)

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Union General John Pope sent out attacks on Confederate General Stonewall Jackson which resulted in high bloodshed for both sides. Confederate General Longstreet had made his way into the scene without Pope knowing, causing Union defeat.

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/abpp/battles/va026.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Bull_Run

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Georgle McCellen leads assaults on Robert E Lee's forces near Sharpsburg Maryland. The third assault the Union army pushed over the Antietam Creek ending in Confederate retreat and a win for the Union.

http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/antietam.html

http://www.history.army.mil/StaffRide/Antietam/Overview.htm

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Battle of Fredericksburg (December 13, 1862)

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Battle of Fredericksburg (December 13, 1862)

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Union General Burnside led frontal assaults over Rappahannock River where he led two attacks on Gen Lee at Fredericksburg. This was leading much needed Confederate win. http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-fredericksburg

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fredericksburg

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Siege of Vicksburg  (May 18-July 4, 1863)

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Siege of Vicksburg  (May 18-July 4, 1863)

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Union Gen Grant led hits against Confederate Gen Pemberton leading to end no more lives in his group he would lay siege to the city of Vicksburg. This lasted more than 40 days leading Pembeton's surrender.

http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/vicksburg/maps/vicksburgmap.html

http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/vicksburg/vicksburg-history-articles/vicksburgwinshcelhg.html

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Battle of Chancellorsville (April 30 - May 1, 1863)

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Battle of Chancellorsville (April 30 - May 1, 1863)

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The battle of Chancellorsville the principal engagement of the Chancellorsville Campaign. Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker was attacked by Robert E. Lee in thick wilderness near the Rappahannock River. Thomas Stonewall Jackson led 30,000 Confederates to flank the Union which ultimately resulted in Jackson's death but a Confederate victory.

http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/chancellorsville.html

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When Union Gen. George G. Meade's troops enclosed on Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee and his forces, Lee's men were around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. In the end, Lee's attack on the North had failed.The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war's turning point.

http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/gettysburg.html

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Battle_of_Gettysburg,_by_Currier_and_Ives.png

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Battle of Chickamauga  (September 19-20, 1863)

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Battle of Chickamauga  (September 19-20, 1863)

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On September 19, 1863 Braxton Bragg began to follow federal forces led by Gen William Rosencras to regain Chattanooga while on their path they skirmished with Rosencras's army at Davis's Cross Roads. On the 19th they near Chickamauga Creek Bragg's infantry hit the Union hard but they stood strong. Later North Virginian Gen James Longstreet executed on the weak gap on the Confederate line. Finally Gen George Thomas held his line at Horseshoe Ridge against Union forces leading them to retreat before nightfall. The Battle of Chickamauga marked the end of a Union offensive in southeastern Tennessee and northwestern Georgia called the Chickamauga Campaign. http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/chickamauga.html

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Battle of the Wilderness ( May 5-7, 1864)

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Battle of the Wilderness ( May 5-7, 1864)

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New Union Gen and cheif Grant led a campaign to the Confederate capital of Richmond and General Lee knew his army would meet this army in the dense woods of Virginia. This was also known as the Wilderness this fight turned deadly and would have ended in a draw but Gen Grant did not back down. This led to a successful campaign but also a costly one.

http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-the-wilderness

http://www.sonofthesouth.net/leefoundation/civil-war/1864/june/battle-wilderness.htm

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Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse (May 8-21, 1864)

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Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse (May 8-21, 1864)

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General Mead and General Ulysses S. Grant were on their way to Richmond when they were haulted at Stotsylvania Courthouse. This two-week-long battle consisted of nonstop battle. A Confederate attempt to push the Union to Harris Farm. The Union generals Sedgwick and Rice were killed in this fight, and Confederate generals Johnson and Steuart we're captured by Union forces while Daniel and Perrin were killed. Grant backed out of the battle on May 21 and continued on his way to Richmond. http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/spotsylvania-court-house.html

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Battle_of_Spotsylvania_-_Thure_de_Thulstrup.jpg