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Reflexes

-Stepping: 0-4 months, stepping motions when placed
in weight bearing with forward lean

-Palmer grasp: 0-3 mo, grasps object placed in palm

Motor development

-Decreased physiologic flexion

-Increased active extension against gravity
while prone, pelvis high, attempts to push up
onto elbows, head to 45 degrees with elbows
behind shoulder girdle

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Reflexes

-Labyrinthine: 0-4 mo, arms and leg and trunk extend
when head extends, and vice versa

-Moro: 0-4 mo, “startle” reflex, throws out arms, then
pulls in

Motor development

-HEAD CONTORL

-Swimming” in prone, pushing up onto extended
arms with elbows ahead of shoulders, weight
shifting with beginning rolling

-Righting Reactions

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Reflexes

-Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex

-Lateral Righting

-Rotational Righting

Motor Development

-Flex head against gravity

-Supine bridging alternating with feet to mouth

-Several steps while in supported stand

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Reflexes

-Rooting: turns head to stimulus if cheek
is stroked

-Positive Support: 0-6 months, short duration knee and
hips extension when feet placed on the ground

Motor Development

-Independent sitting

-Transitions
-Rolling/belly crawling as primary mobility

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Reflexes:

-Galant: lateral trunk flexion on side of a light stroke on the back (0-9 months)

-Parachute/Protective reflex

-Rooting: turns head to stimulus if cheek is stroked (0-12 months)

-Radial Digital grasp (9 months)

-Inferior pincer grasp (9-12 months)

Motor Development:

-Fluidly transitions into and out of sitting

-Creeping: crawling on hands and knees (9 months)

-Lateral protective reactions in sitting

-Pulls to kneel and stands

-Sitting (8 months)

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Normal Motor Development:

-Knee walking with hips extended

-Stoops and recovers, squats to play, carries objects while walking

-Climbs up and down stairs, may attempt using a railing

-Continued flat-foot progression and lateral trunk movements

-Walks backwards and sideways a few steps

-Steps on ball in attempt to kick

-Running w/o rotation, not coordinated, w/o reciprocal arm movements

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Motor Development

-Arms begin reciprocal swing around 2 years of age
-3 year old should be able to make quick turns while running
-Rhythmic galloping is possible by age 4

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Reflexes:

-Galant: lateral trunk flexion on side of a light stroke on the back (0-9 months)

-Parachute/Protective reflex

-Rooting: turns head to stimulus if cheek is stroked (0-12 months)

-Radial palmar grasp

Motor Development:

-Elevates trunk and may attain quadruped and shift weight AP

-Transitions to sitting, pushing back from quadruped

-Hands free to manipulate toy while sitting

-Bear stand

-Rolling/belly crawling as primary mobility

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Reflexes:

-Landau's: head and trunk extension when in prone (3-12 months)

-Parachute/Protective reflex

-Rooting: turns head to stimulus if cheek is stroked (0-12 months)

-Inferior pincer grasp (9-12 months)

-Superior pincer grasp (12 months)

-Three-jaw truck (12 months)

Motor Development:

-Refined movements (stability/control) and intense exploration

-Rotates and pivots in a variety of sitting positions

-Pulls to stand via half-kneeled, and stands independently through quadruped

-Cruises along furniture, walks with push toy, walks with lateral trunk flexion, wide BOS, UE's high guard, flat-foot progression (10 months)

-Walking (12 months)

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Child will be able to run, jump on both and one feet, and throw/catch