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1850: Henry Clay Proposed Compromise of 1850 (41)

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1850: Henry Clay Proposed Compromise of 1850 (41)

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New territories decided by popular sovereignty

New, stricter fugitive slave law

Free slaves could be returned to previous slave owners

California joins the Union and becomes a free state

Slave trade is abolished in Washington, D.C.

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1852: Harriet Beecher Stowe Publishes Uncle Tom's Cabin (55)

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1852: Harriet Beecher Stowe Publishes Uncle Tom's Cabin (55)

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Exposed slave brutality

Taught uneducated Northerners about slavery

Used the Grimké sister's writing as a primary source

Shares story of a slave named Tom who is whipped to death

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1852: Harriet Beecher Stowe Publishes Uncle Tom's Cabin (55)

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Established Kansas and Nebraska as states

allowed popular sovereignty to decide whether the states were free or not

led to bleeding Kansas

anti and pro-slavery groups fought over the land (popular sovereignty)

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Whig party slowly collapsing

fewer members

US division growing

Northerners becoming anti-slavery

Southerners remaining pro-slavery

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The government left popular sovereignty to decide free/slave states for new territory from Mexico

Kansas and Missouri

Both anti- and pro-slavery groups in Kansas

led to fighting and attacks

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Charles Sumner spoke badly about Senator Andrew Butler

Butler's cousin attacked Sumner with his cane

only stopped when cane broke

In response, South sent boxes of canes in replacement

Sumner out of office for two years after attack

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1857: Dred Scott v. Sanford Supreme Court Case

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1857: Dred Scott v. Sanford Supreme Court Case

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Dred Scott sued for freedom after living in free states

Supreme court rejected

overturned two major acts in process

declared slaves as property without ever having citizenship

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1857: Dred Scott v. Sanford Supreme Court Case

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1859: John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry 

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1859: John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry 

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John Brown Instigated an attack on Harper’s Ferry

Sent message to white supremacists

wasn't effective in freeing slaves

attacked federal armory

not plantation

“Secret Six” were six white men who funded the attack

22 men joined

killed five pro-slavery people

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1859: John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry

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goal of preserving the Union

Put an end to succession and confederacy