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Technology: Vacuum tubes.
Computers: Large, slow, and used for basic calculations.
Example: ENIAC, UNIVAC.

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Technology: Transistors replaced vacuum tubes.
Improvements: Smaller, faster, more reliable, and more energy-efficient.
Example: IBM 1401.

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Technology: Integrated Circuits (ICs).
Improvements: Further miniaturization, faster processing, and lower costs.
Example: IBM 360.

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Technology: Microprocessors.
Improvements: Personal computers became widespread, smaller size, faster speed, and improved software.
Example: Apple II, IBM PC, modern laptops and desktops.

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Technology: Artificial Intelligence (AI), parallel processing, and quantum computing.
Improvements: Highly advanced software, more interactive, smart devices, and emerging AI applications.
Example: Modern smartphones, AI systems.