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Take a maximum of three minutes to read the text. You will not have the time to translate the whole text at this point. What you should do at this stage is:

get a general idea of the type and content of the text

identify the main points

pinpoint potential problems

write down any equivalents that come to mind for key words

try to segment the text into chunks that are large enough for analysis and comprehension, but short enough for oral translation. The segments can be either:

sentences - if they are short and simple

clauses - if the sentence contains more than one clause

phrases - if the sentence contains a number of specific details

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Start the voice recorder at the end of three minutes.

Start translating segment 1 and read ahead to identify segment 2.

Repeat this step with the following segments, until you come to the last segment, which you translate.

Stop the voice recorder and check the time to ensure that you have taken no more than four minutes to sight translate 250 words.

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Analyse the words, expressions and segments that you have marked as wrong after Stage 3. Try to determine why they caused you problems. Was it because:

you did not understand the word or expression?

you did not know the equivalent in the target language?

you lost track of the beginning of a long sentence?

Think of ways you can resolve these problems. Do any basic research required.

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• Scan the text quickly before translating to grasp the structure and key points.

• Maintain a steady pace and avoid rushing.

• Use synonyms if you struggle with a specific word.

• Stay calm under pressure and focus on clarity.

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Sight translation is the process of orally translating a written document without prior preparation. It is commonly used in legal, medical, business, and conference settings where immediate understanding of a document is necessary.

Purpose:

• Facilitates instant communication.

• Assists individuals who cannot read a given language.

• Speeds up translation in time-sensitive situations.

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A. Language Proficiency
	•	Fluency in both the source and target languages.
	•	Strong vocabulary in general and specialized fields (legal, medical, technical, etc.).
	•	Ability to understand idioms, metaphors, and cultural references.

B. Reading and Comprehension Skills
	•	Ability to scan a text quickly for key information.
	•	Understanding of complex sentence structures and syntax.
	•	Identifying ambiguities, legal jargon, or specialized terminology.

C. Interpretation and Delivery Skills
	•	Clear and natural speech with proper pronunciation.
	•	Ability to maintain the appropriate tone, register, and style.
	•	Maintaining accuracy while ensuring fluency.

D. Memory and Cognitive Skills
	•	Short-term memory retention to recall key phrases.
	•	Rapid decision-making to choose the best equivalent translation.
	•	Focus and concentration to avoid errors under pressure.

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1.	Legal Settings:
	•	Court proceedings (e.g., translating legal documents for defendants).
	•	Immigration interviews.
	2.	Medical Settings:
	•	Translating medical records, consent forms, and prescriptions for patients.
	3.	Business & Diplomatic Settings:
	•	Meetings and conferences where documents need immediate translation.
	4.	Education & Training:
	•	Used in language learning and interpreter training programs.

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Sight translation is an essential skill that combines written translation and oral interpretation, requiring quick thinking and high proficiency in both languages. It’s widely used in legal, medical, and business contexts for immediate, accurate communication. Success in sight translation depends on language fluency, reading comprehension, clear delivery, and the ability to manage time and pressure effectively. While it presents challenges, consistent practice and techniques like chunking and paraphrasing can improve accuracy and fluency. Mastering sight translation ensures efficient, real-time communication, especially in high-stakes or fast-paced environments.