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Definition of raster (bitmap) image:

It is an image based on pixels, every single pixel represents a color, also, every single pixel contains a bit or more bits (information), depending on the detail of the image.

Characteristics:

They take up more memory.

The image is distorted when enlarged, the resolution is dependent.

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Raster images are made up of pixels- tiny color squares, that in great quantity, are able to create very high format and detailed images, as to vectors, they are made up of mathematical equations that create any kinds of lines and curves with fixed points on a grid to produce an image. Vectors do not have any pixels on them, since they only capture shape, border and fill color to create an image of off mathematical equations.

References:

Raster vs. vector: What are the differences? | Adobe. (s. f.). https://www.adobe.com/creativecloud/file-types/image/comparison/raster-vs-vector.html

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JPG/JPEG: Join Photographic Experts Group. 1992

PNG: Portable Network Graphics. 1995

GIF: Graphics Interchange Format. 1987

BMP: Bitmap. 1980.

WebP: Web Picture Format. 2010

HEIF: High Efficiency Image Format. 2015.

HEIC: High Efficiency Image Coding. 2017.

TIFF: Tagged Image File Format. 1986.

RAW: It initials have no meaning. 2004.

PSD: Photoshop Document. 1990.

EPS: Encapsulated PostScript. 1987.

SVG: Scalable Vector Graphics. 1999.

WMF: Windows Metafile. 1990.

Ai: Adobe Illustrator Artwork. 1986.

CDR: CorelDRAW Image File. 1989.

PDF: Portable Document Format. 1990-1993.

References:

JPEG: What is it? - Skylum Glossary. (n.d.). https://skylum.com/glossary/what-is-jpeg

Pramith, & Pramith. (2023, October 20). PNG: file format simply explained. Practical Tips. https://www.practical-tips.com/internet/png-file-format-simply-explained/

Palit, P. (2023, November 10). GIF Full Form, All you need to know about GIF. Oliveboard. https://www.oliveboard.in/blog/gif-full-form/

PixDuplicate. (2024, August 3). The evolution of image formats: From BMP to WebP. PixDuplicate Blog. https://www.pixduplicate.com/blog/evolution-of-image-formats/

UMATechnology. (2025, January 24). What is the HEIF Photo Standard and Why Should You Care - UMA Technology. UMA Technology. https://umatechnology.org/what-is-the-heif-photo-standard-and-why-should-you-care/

Truly, A. (2022). What is an HEIC File? Everything You Need to Know. PetaPixel. What is an HEIC File? Everything You Need to Know | PetaPixel

What is an HEIC File? Everything You Need to Know | PetaPixel

UMATechnology. (2024, December 31). TIFF and TIF files explained & how to open them - UMA Technology. UMA Technology. https://umatechnology.org/tiff-and-tif-files-explained-how-to-open-them/

Stephens, C. (2018, July 26). A brief history of RAW footage in video production. The Beat: A Blog by PremiumBeat. https://www.premiumbeat.com/blog/history-raw-video-footage/

GeeksforGeeks. (2024, January 31). What is a PSD File? GeeksforGeeks. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-a-psd-file/

Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) File Format, Version 3.X. (n.d.). https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000246.shtml

Fisher, T. (2024, August 7). SVG Files: What They Are and How to Open & Convert Them. Lifewire. https://www.lifewire.com/svg-file-4120603

Emsoy, U. (2022, January 6). What is a WMF file? - Coragi ImagePrint - Medium. Medium. https://medium.com/coragi-imageprint/what-is-a-wmf-file-f925c42b4ab

Vecteezy. (2017). The History of Adobe Illustrator. Vecteezy.

https://www.vecteezy.com/blog/design-tips/the-history-of-adobe-illustrator

CDR file - CorelDRAW Image File. (2023, March 15). https://file-extensions.com/docs/cdr

Adobe. (n.d). The History of the PDF: Timeline. Adobe. https://www.adobe.com/acrobat/resources/pdf-timeline.html?msockid=1fa9b11f562a65b83414a49357b864ea

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JPG/JPEG: supports up to 24-bit color and uses lossy compression to compress images for more convenient storage and sending.

(raster)

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PNG: not just lossless compression, but also a much broader and brighter color palette.

(raster)

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GIF: Each file can support up to 8 bits per pixel and can contain 256 indexed colors. GIF files also allow images or frames to be combined, creating basic animations.

(raster)

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BMP: contains uncompressed data, making it ideal for storing and displaying high-quality digital images.

(raster)

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WebP: contains either a still image (that is, an encoded matrix of pixels) or an animation.

(raster)

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Used for proffessional photography, printing, and publishing were high quality images are necessary.

(raster)

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It has a much better quality than other type of files, it can store more color information and also it has a better compression than PNG or JPEG.

(Raster).

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RAW: contain unprocessed image data that photographers can edit, compress, or convert to other formats.

Also, it has a great detail and is one of the most highest quality.

(raster)

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PSD: can retain up to 30,000 pixels in both height and width, it can store multiple layers and often in high resolution.

(raster)

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High quality graphics, logos and illustrations that need to be resized without losing quality.

(vector)

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The images with this file can be printed with high quality.

They can be edited and created with any text editor.

This images are zoomable and they do not loose quality.

(Vector).

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It can store both, vector and bitmap graphics.

It allows easy scaling and editing of the images.

They can store high-quality vector graphics, in other words, it can make geographic shapes rather than pixels.

(Vector and raster).

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All of the illustrations are in a high degree of detail.

It has a small size and easy scalability.

This type of file is easy to share, upload and store.

(vector)

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It designs pictures as graphic primitives (lines, texts, arcs, etc).

If the image size increases, the image will not be distorted.

(Vector).

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It can make mages or texts that need to be easily shared, printed and viewed in a document format.

(not exclusively a vector or raster)

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Vectors definition:

Is a curve based graphic, is based on geometric objects.

Characteristics:

The resolution is independent.

Does not lose sharpness and is not distorted when enlarged and they take up very little space.