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Notice how the tutor incorporates multiple modes of learning: See it, say it, hear it, write it, feel it, do it

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Tutoring Techniques demo Sight Word Multisensory Technique

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Online lesson plans and educational resources for all levels

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Discover English Materials - Ellii (formerly ESL Library)

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Explore new and featured English lessons, grammar videos, resources, blog posts, flashcards, and more!

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Not sure how to correctly use words like me, herself, his, or theirs? You're not the only one! These tiny and seemingly easy words can be tricky to get your head around if you're beginning to learn English.

The most common type of English pronouns - the one you learn in your first English lesson - are subject pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, you, and they. If you've taken a few English classes, you've got these under control by now.

But the fun doesn't end with simple subject pronouns. In fact, the English language employs the use of object pronouns, possessive pronouns, reflexive pronouns, relative pronouns... and a few more.

Yes, that's a lot to take in. But don't worry! We'll explain the most common types in this article and provide examples of how to use them in practice.

What is a pronoun?

Nouns are extremely common in English. They're everywhere! In fact, they do so much work in the English language that they need assistants to replace them. Pronouns are words that replace nouns to help us avoid repeating the same noun over and over again in sentences.

Imagine if you were telling your friend a story of how your dad made dinner for your family on Sunday:
My dad loves cooking. My dad always cooks dinner for us on the weekends. My dad is a pretty good cook! My dad made delicious pasta with tomato sauce.
Well, that would make your storytelling sound boring and repetitive! This is why we need pronouns. Here's how your story would sound with pronouns:
My dad loves cooking. He always cooks dinner for us on the weekends. He's a pretty good cook! He made delicious pasta with tomato sauce.
Better, right?!

In English, there are 7 types of pronouns:

Subject pronouns (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they)

Object pronouns (me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them)

Possessive pronouns (mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)

Demonstrative pronouns(this, these, that, those)

Interrogative pronouns (who, whom, which, what)

Relative pronouns (who, whom, that, which, whoever, whichever, whomever)

Indefinite pronouns (all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, each, everybody, everyone, everything, few, many, nobody, none, one, several, some, somebody, and someone)

Reflexive pronouns (myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves)

Intensive pronouns (myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves)

We know it can be a lot of information to absorb. That's why we're here to explain it all in simple terms.

English personal pronouns

As the name suggests, personal pronouns refer to the speaker or the person (or animal) the speaker is talking about.

There are three types of personal pronouns in English:

Subject pronouns

Object pronouns

Possessive pronouns

Let's explain each one of them.

English subject pronouns

The pronoun fun in English starts with subject pronouns. They are the most common. As you may realize intuitively, these are simply words that are used to replace a noun or a name function as a subject of the sentence.

I is used when referring to yourself.

You is used when referring to the person you're addressing.

He is used when referring to a third person of masculine gender.

She is used when referring to a third person of feminine gender.

It is used when referring to a thing, place, or animal.

We is used when referring to a group of people that you're a part of.

You is used when referring to the group of people you're addressing.

They is used when referring to a group of people you're not a part of.

Here are some examples of how to use subject pronouns in a sentence.

English object pronouns

All pronouns in the English language have the same job: to replace the noun. As the name suggests, object pronouns in English replace the object of the sentence.

Sounds easy, right? But wait, there's more!

Object pronouns can be divided into direct object pronouns (they replace the direct object) and indirect object pronouns (they replace the indirect object).

A direct object of the sentence is the noun that receives the action (verb) from the subject. An indirect object of the sentence is the noun that receives the direct object.

As this may leave you scratching your head, let's illustrate it in the following sentences:

John gave me a book. (me is the indirect object, a book is the direct object)

She bought him a gift. (him is the indirect object, a gift is the direct object)

I sent them a letter. (them is the indirect object, a letter is the direct object)

Here are some examples of how to use object pronouns in sentences.

Possessive pronouns in English

Possessive nouns are quite straightforward. They're just pronouns that express ownership or possession of something and are most commonly used to avoid repeating nouns or entire phrases.

For example, instead of saying:
"Your cat is bigger than my cat."
You can say:
"Your cat is bigger than mine."
By replacing "my cat" with "mine", we're simply avoiding repeating the word "cat."

Reflexive pronouns

The easiest and most logical explanation of reflexive pronouns that I have managed to come with is that these are pronouns that reflect back to themselves.

In other words, reflexive pronouns are ones that refer back to the subject of the sentence. For example:

Intensive pronouns in English

Intensive pronouns may sound like another terrifying grammar issue, but they're not.

In fact, intensive pronouns are exactly the same as reflexive pronouns, but their job in the sentence is different: they're just meant to emphasize the subject of the sentence.

Here's how:

Other types of pronouns

In English, there are four more types of pronouns. These are way different from the previous ones, but still have the same job: to replace the noun in the sentence.

Those four types are demonstrative, interrogative, reflexive, and indefinite pronouns. Let's explain the role of each of them.

Demonstrative pronouns point at a person, thing, or place.

Interrogative pronouns are question words that ask about people, things, or places.

Reflexive pronouns are slightly more complicated and have lots of rules you need to remember to use them correctly. These pronouns are used to connect clauses within sentences. We'll have another article covering that in detail.

Indefinite pronouns simply refer to nouns that are unknown or undefined in a sentence.

Take a look at this table to better understand this explanation.

They, them as a singular

Here's a fun fact that will seem counterintuitive to every grammatical rule you have learned in English so far.

While the pronouns "they, them" are plural, they can also be used in the singular form. This is widely used in conversation and written text to refer to someone in a gender-neutral way. You can use "they" in singular if you don't know the gender of the person you're referring to.

It's important to remember that even if you're using "they" to refer to one person, it will still be followed by a plural verb.

For example, you can say:

When someone arrives at the airport, they should go directly to the baggage claim area.

If a student needs extra help, they should speak with their teacher after class.

A person can become anything they want.

What's more, you can use "they, them" to refer to a person who identifies as non-binary.

You vs. Them

Mastering the use of pronouns is crucial to communicate effectively in English. That's because using them allows you to add more flow to your sentences and avoid sounding like a poorly designed robot.

In fact, dominating the use of pronouns is just as important to expanding your English vocabulary. It will help you stand out from other English learners and make your conversations in English more fun, and growing your language confidence through fun is what we're all about.

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English pronouns: An easy grammar guide to all 7 types

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Woah! The English language uses 7 types of pronouns! We'll explain them all, with grammar examples in this nifty guide to English pronouns.

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Free ESL resources, materials, lessons, and activities! Teachers can use these English learning resources and lessons to create lesson plans and activities, while students can use them to supplement their own learning outside of the classroom. Whether you’re looking to brush up on your grammar, develop your business English communication abilities, practice daily speaking, or explore other areas of English language learning, we’ve got you covered.

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Free ESL Resources: We have over 1,000 free English learning and teaching handouts, materials, and lesson plans.

Our Free ESL Contents

Welcome to our free ESL resources, materials, lessons, and activities! Here, you'll find a variety of English learning and teaching materials to help both teachers and students. Teachers can use these English learning resources and lessons to create lesson plans and activities, while students can use them to supplement their own learning outside of the classroom. Whether you're looking to brush up on your grammar, develop your business English communication abilities, practice daily speaking, or explore other areas of English language learning, we've got you covered. Our handouts, lessons, and activities are designed to be engaging, informative, and accessible for learners of all levels. So, take a look around and start exploring all that we have to offer!

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Before your naturalization interview, study for the English and civics test by using our free resources to help you prepare.
English Test Overview
For the English portion of the naturalization test you must demonstrate an understanding of the English language, including the ability to read, write, and speak basic English.

Your ability to speak and understand English will be determined by a USCIS officer during your eligibility interview on Form N-400, Application for Naturalization.

For the reading test, you must read out loud one out of three sentences correctly to demonstrate an ability to read in English.

For the writing test, you must write one out of three sentences correctly to demonstrate an ability to write in English.

Civics Test (2008 Version)
The civics portion of the naturalization test is an oral test. The USCIS officer will ask you up to 10 questions from the list of 100 civics test questions. You must answer 6 questions correctly to pass the civics test.

For more information, refer to the USCIS Policy Manual Volume 12, Part E, English and Civics Testing and Exceptions, Chapter 2, English and Civics Testing
65/20 Special Consideration
If you are 65 years old or older and have been living in the United States as a lawful permanent resident of the United States for 20 or more years, you may study just the 20 questions that have been marked with an asterisk (*). You may also take the naturalization test in the language of your choice. For more information, see exceptions and accommodations or the USCIS Policy Manual Citizenship and Naturalization Guidance.

Note: On the naturalization test, some answers may change because of elections or appointments. You must answer the question with the name of the official serving at the time of your naturalization interview. For the answers to these specific questions, please visit the Civics Test Updates page.

Sign up to receive Citizenship Resource Center email updates.

Search below for civics flash cards, interactive practice tests, study booklets, videos and more. You may purchase USCIS products and publications from the U.S. Government Bookstore.

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Before your naturalization interview, study for the English and civics test by using our free resources to help you prepare. English Test Overview For the Engli

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This course helps you complete your N-400 application online, prepare for your naturalization interview, and get ready for your new citizenship

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The USA Learns Citizenship course helps you complete your N-400 application online, prepare for your naturalization interview, and get ready for your new citizenship. The course has four units:

Unit 1: Steps to Becoming a U.S. Citizen

Unit 2: The N-400 Application and Naturalization Interview

Unit 3: Civics, Reading and Writing Practice

Unit 4: Your Interview and New Citizenship

USA Learns Citizenship will help you with the information and language you need to become a U.S. citizen.

Unit 1: Steps to Becoming a U.S. Citizen

In Unit 1, you will meet Jean, your video guide to the course, and you'll learn important information you need to know if you are thinking about becoming a U.S. Citizen. We'll help you answer these questions:

Who can become a U.S. Citizen? Can I become a U.S. Citizen? How do I start the application for U.S. Citizenship? Where can I get help with my application?

Unit 1 will also explain situations where you might need to ask for legal help before you apply for citizenship and recommend organizations that can help you.

Unit 2: N-400 Interview Practice

In Unit 2, you'll learn about what to expect at the naturalization interview at the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) office. During the interview, the officer asks many questions about the application for U.S. Citizenship (the N-400 form). You will learn the key words and grammar you need to understand the questions.

You'll also listen to different ways that the officer might ask the questions and will practice giving different correct answers. At the end of every lesson, a video "officer" will ask you questions from the lesson and you can record yourself answering with your own information.

Unit 2 begins with a review of question words and short answers. It also introduces you to some questions that you may need to ask the officer if you don't understand something.

After that, each lesson is based on a part of the N-400 form. You'll listen to and practice answering questions about each part of the form, from basic information about your address and your employment, to questions about illegal activities you may have been involved in.

You'll learn about and practice the Oath of Allegiance, which each person must say to become a new U.S. Citizen.

Unit 3: Civics, Reading and Writing Practice

In Unit 3, you will learn about U.S. history and government. You'll learn important vocabulary and useful grammar, and then read, listen, and watch videos about the subjects covered in the U.S. Citizenship test.

In each lesson, you'll practice your pronunciation, and take practice quizzes to check your understanding. You'll also practice reading aloud and writing.

Unit 3 covers all of the "100 questions" that you need to practice to become a U.S. Citizen. The subjects covered are:

U.S. Geography

Early America

The Declaration of Independence

The Constitution

The Bill of Rights

The 1800s and Civil War

Difficult Times and Great Leaders Since 1900

Fighting for Equal Rights

Our System of Government

The Executive Branch

The Legislative Branch

The Judicial Branch

Participating in Your Government

Rights and Responsibilities

American Symbols and Holidays

Unit 4: Your Interview and New Citizenship

In Unit 4, you will learn what to expect from the moment you arrive at your interview. You will learn how to greet the officer and how to have a casual conversation or "small talk." You will also practice responding to some simple commands the officer may give you.

Unit 4 will show you what to expect the day of your interview and during your naturalization ceremony when you become a United States citizen. We will also give you some information about what to do after you have your new U.S. citizenship.

USA Learns Citizenship will provide you with the information, language practice, and resources you'll need to prepare for U.S. citizenship.

REGISTER NOW to use USA Learns!

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Study to become a U.S. citizen at USA Learns: USA Learns is a free website to help adults learn English online and prepare for the naturalization interview to become a U.S. citizen.

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Vocabulary Game Plans for Adult ESOL Teachers and Tutors

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printable ESL worksheets on many topics for English language learners.

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Welcome to our ESL worksheets page. On this page, you can find many printable ESL worksheets on many topics for English language learners and teachers. All the worksheets on Games4esl are absolutely FREE to download and use in your English classes.

ESL Worksheets For Teaching English

The ESL worksheets on this page are arranged by topic. Choose a topic below or use the search bar below to find worksheets for your lesson.

Action Verb Worksheets

Adjective Worksheets

All About Me Worksheets

Alphabet Tracing Worksheets

Animal Worksheets

Animals And Habitats Worksheets

Big and Small Worksheets

Body Parts Worksheets

Christmas Worksheets

Classroom Object Worksheets

Clothes Worksheets

Colors Worksheets

Contraction Worksheets

Counting And Number Worksheets

Countries and Nationalities Worksheets

Comparative Adjectives Worksheets

CVC Words - Phonics Worksheets

CVCE - Magic E Worksheets

Daily Routine Worksheets

Days Of The Week Worksheets

Debate Plan Worksheet

Digraph Worksheets

Directions Worksheets

Easter Worksheets

English Grammar Worksheets

Fall Worksheets

Family Worksheets

Farm Animal Worksheets

Feelings Worksheets

'Find Someone Who' Worksheets

Food Worksheets

Future Tense Using Will

Halloween Worksheets

Hobbies Worksheets

Hundreds Chart

Jobs and Occupations Worksheets

Mad Lib Worksheets

Middle School Reading Comprehension Worksheets

Months Of The Year Worksheets

Numbers As Words Worksheets

Number Tracing Worksheets

Past Continuous Worksheets

Past Simple Tense Worksheets

Pet Animal Worksheets

Places In Town Worksheets

Prepositions Of Place Worksheets

Prepositions Of Time Worksheets

Present Continuous Tense Worksheets

Present Perfect Tense Worksheets

Present Simple Tense Worksheets

Pronoun Worksheets

Reading Comprehension Worksheets

Rooms Of The House Worksheets

School Subject Worksheets

Seasons Worksheets

Senses - Five Senses Worksheets

Shapes - 2D Shapes Worksheets

Sports Worksheets

Summer Clothes Worksheets

Summer Worksheets

Telling The Time Worksheets

This That These Those Worksheets

Transportation Worksheets

Verb To Be Worksheets

Weather Worksheets

Wh Questions Worksheets

Winter Clothes Worksheets

More ESL Resources
Before you go, don't forget to check out our other free ESL materials, including ESL Games, Board Games, Flashcards, PowerPoint Games, Online Quizzes, and ESL Lesson Plans.

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ESL Worksheets | Free Worksheets For Teaching English | Games4esl

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A collection of FREE ESL worksheets on many different topics for English language learners and teachers.

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Incorrect syllable stress and incorrect vowel sounds are two common reasons why beginning English speakers may not be easily understood by fluent English speakers. Make sure that you check and correct syllable stress and vowel sounds when you introduce new vocabulary words, so that initial errors don't become fossilized.

Syllable Stress

To make syllable stress visual, underline a stressed syllable or use syllable stress dots . I like syllable stress dots because they identify the total number of syllables in the word in addition to identifying the stressed syllables. Here's an example of a syllable stress matching activity that can be done on paper or turned into a digital matching game.

Vowel Sounds

Our six English vowels (A, E, I, O, U, Y) produce at least 16 different vowel sounds . To add complexity, the same vowel sound can be spelled in multiple ways. For example, the long-A sound can be spelled with A (at the end of a syllable), A+silent E, AI, AY, and EI.

To help learners identify the correct vowel sound and to make vowel sounds multisensory, I use color or other adjective for each of the 16 vowel sounds that I teach.

For example, instead of referring to the "long-U" sound (which can also be spelled with O as in do, OE as in shoe, OO as in food, and OU as in Vancouver), I will refer to the "OO-like-blue" sound and use a small blue picture as a visual reminder.

Once the learners are comfortable identifying the 16 vowel sounds, then I introduce the common spelling patterns for the most common vowel sounds:

Read my lips

I've found that it's harder for learners to hear pronunciation errors (such as /m/ vs /n/) in Zoom classes than in in-person classes. It can be very helpful for learners to imitate your mouth when making a specific vowel or consonant sound.

When demonstrating mouth position, use the Spotlight feature in Zoom to make sure all learners can see only your face. Encourage learners to use a small mirror to compare their mouth position with yours.

Here's a video of an instructor using a lip-reading activity in an in-person class to help learners focus on mouth position for the vocabulary words that they are practicing.

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Online ESL Teaching - Make pronunciation visible

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Incorrect syllable stress and incorrect vowel sounds are two common reasons why beginning English speakers may not be easily understood by fluent English speakers. Make sure that you check and correct syllable stress and vowel sounds when you introduce new vocabulary words, so that initial errors

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BridgeUniverse - TEFL Blog, News, Tips & Resources

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By Bridge
April 20, 2021

Helping your students master clear and correct pronunciation will help them become better communicators and gain confidence when speaking English both in and out of class. These ESL pronunciation games offer ways to integrate plenty of phonics practice into your online or classroom-based lessons with young learners, teens, and adults.

ESL pronunciation activities for young learners

Kids tend to be enthusiastic learners who aren't afraid to try out new sounds or mimic language, or they love the opportunity to get up and move around during class activities.

ESL song sing-along

ESL songs work well to practice pronunciation with young learners. The students can move and dance with phonics songs, which allow a total physical response and, therefore, better retention of the material. A sing-along is a simple activity for young learners and can be adapted for use with older students as well.

Bylearning a song in English, and practicing it over and over, students become familiar with the sounds of English and imitate the singer, practicing correct pronunciation in a fun and interactive way.

Pronunciation bingo

One effective game for teaching ESL phonics is "Pronunciation Bingo." To play, prepare Bingo sheets with sample words for each of the phonemes (individual sounds) you want to review. Take a sound flashcard from a bag and say the sound, such as /e/,while showing students the card. Students must find the word on their Bingo sheet that matches that sound (such as "bet")in order to cross it out. This game can be played individually or in pairs.

If this is too advanced for your students' level, you can modify the activity by saying the sound and then giving them a sample word: /e/ - let. Students must then find a word with the same sound: step.
Discover more ESL games and activities for kids and teens.
Rhyming activities

You can include some rhythmic rhyming activities in your lessons in which your students can repeat after you. In the rhythm you choose, you can move and say connected rhyming pairs, such as boy/toy, toy/joy, and joy/soy. You can then switch to a new rhyming pattern.
The Bridge Teaching English to Young Learners Specialized TEFL/TESOL course provides more games and activities for teaching children.
ESL pronunciation activities for teenagers and young adults

Teenagers and young adults are often quite self-conscious and shy, so preparing some fun but appropriate ESL phonics games, as well as some ESL pronunciation worksheets, is a good idea.

Rhyming pair memory game

After some repetition drills on the target words and sounds, you can try a "Rhyming Pair Memory Game." Make cards with words that rhyme, like man/can, bit/sit, fame/came, and so on, and place them face down. Students take turns turning over the cards to find the pairs that rhyme.
Get tips for planning online ESL games for teens.
Correct the teacher

If you are teaching your students stress and intonation, you can try "Correct the Teacher." You say a sentence in a natural or unnatural rhythm and your students have to decide if you said it right or wrong. If they say that you were wrong, they have to say the sentence with the correct intonation.

Minimal pairs games

ESL phonics worksheets on minimal pairs are a good way to fill some minutes at the end of a lesson or are good to give as homework, while a "Minimal Pairs Slap Game" can keep your students engaged in a group game for the main part of the lesson. Hand out sets of flashcards to each group and tell your students to spread them out on the table. You say one word of a minimal pair, such as 'cat.' The students have to find and slap the card that shows the minimal pair partner, for example, 'cap.' You can extend this game to exercises on stress and intonation, and you can also let your students take turns being the person who says the word or sentence.
Looking to learn more about teaching this age group? Earn a Specialized Certification in Teaching English to Teenagers.
ESL pronunciation games for adult students and professionals

ESL pronunciation games for adults are a great way to liven up the classroom and help your older students target specific sounds and common pronunciation errors. It's always a good idea to use authentic materials and language from your students' field of expertise or study in order to create relevant context. For example, if you are teaching a class for students in the hospitality industry, teaching them how to pronounce flavors, the items on their menu, or explaining today's special with the correct stress, are all great learning contexts.

Rhyming poetry

For both live and online lessons, you can have your students write a simple rhyming poem and read it out loud in class. This works for beginner to advanced levels of all ages, but the results will be quite different. This is a free, creative task that allows students to express themselves on a new level.
Find out more about using games when teaching adults English online.
Sound chain

Let your students line up or make a circle, or decide an order for an online class. Give the key sound and have each student come up with a new word with the same sound.

You can vary this ESL pronunciation game, for example, by letting the next student repeat the previous words in the right order before adding their own, or by having your class tell a story with the words they came up with during the sound chain game, in groups or as a whole class.

This is a great way to increase student talking time. They can then write the story down with their own words as homework or in class.

Tongue twisters

There are heaps of tongue twisters out there, for all levels and ages, that you can use in your classes. Tongue twisters for ESL students can create a very lively and fun atmosphere, as everybody tries to do their best but eventually gets caught up in their own words and speed. This ESL pronunciation activity is good for team building and for students who are comfortable with each other and with you.

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ESL Pronunciation Games for Teaching Kids, Teens, and Adults

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By Bridge April 20, 2021 Helping your students master clear and correct pronunciation will help them become better communicators and gain confidence when speaking English both in and out of class. These ESL pronunciation games offer ways to integrate plenty of phonics practice into your online or classroom-based lessons with young learners, teens, and adults.

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Whether you're trying to perfect your English accent or just need help with the tricky parts of English pronunciation, our easy exercises and interactive printables will help you sound more like a native speaker and improve your pronunciation skills in no time.

1. Tongue twister exercises

Tongue twisters are tricky, but they can force you to enunciate similar sounding words to make each phrase intelligible.

For example, "Peter Piper" can help you learn to enunciate consonants (in this case, "P"). "A Proper Cup of Coffee" emphasizes P's and F's while employing a variety of vowel sounds.

You don't have to start out fast. Take it slow the first few times and speed up gradually. Read along and practice for yourself.

Peter Piper
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers Where's the peck of pickled peppers that Peter Piper picked?
Fuzzy Wuzzy
Fuzzy Wuzzy was a bear, Fuzzy Wuzzy had no hair, Fuzzy Wuzzy wasn't very fuzzy, was he?
A Proper Cup of Coffee

Woodchuck
How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood? He would chuck, he would, as much as he could, and chuck as much wood As a woodchuck would if a woodchuck could chuck wood.
2. Consonant exercise

Consonants are speech sounds that are created when you stop air from flowing easily through the mouth. Some are made by closing your lips and others by touching your tongue to your teeth or the roof of your mouth.

ESL learners can have difficulty mastering some consonants, such as 'p', 't', and 'k', which are sounds that not all languages contain. Further complicating things, some consonant combinations, such as 'ch', 'sh', and 'th', create unique sounds.

Consonant board game

Our downloadable consonant board game requires 2 or more players, a single die, and place markers, such as coins or buttons, for every player. On each player's turn, the die is rolled and the player advances the number of spaces shown on the die.

The player will first pronounce the consonant blend, then come up with a word that uses that blend. For example, if you land on /d/, you would pronounce "d," and then say a word, such as "dog." The first player to make it to the end of the board wins.

3. Vowel exercise

Vowels are sounds made when breath flows through the mouth without being blocked by the tongue, teeth, or lips. Vowels have several variations, including "long" and "short" sounds. Sometimes vowels are silent altogether, as in the "ue" in tongue.

When combined, vowels can create further confusion, as when a double "o" in "cool" sounds like a long "u" or the "ei" in "vein" produces a long "a" sound similar to "lay" and "plane."

Our morning vowel warm-up exercise can be accomplished either by individuals or in a classroom setting. To do this with a class, simply instruct students to go through each vowel together, in pairs, or as individuals for any amount of time, though this can be accomplished rather quickly as an easy start to your lesson.

Morning vowel warm-up

Choose a time of day that works for your schedule and devote 5-10 minutes to practicing your vowel sounds in front of a mirror. While looking in the mirror, think about the roundness of your mouth and the shapes you make when making each vowel sound. You might look silly, but this technique will help lengthen each vowel and allow you to focus on the phonetic sound of each letter: A, E, I, O, and U.

For example, a long "a" would become "ayy." Try to hold each sound for 5-10 seconds, just like holding the note of a song. Then, repeat for the next vowel. See how many times you can get through all five!

As you become more comfortable with the sounds, speed up your practice with this exercise by going through the vowels faster and holding each for a shorter amount of time.

4. Commonly mispronounced words exercise

Similar sounds can confuse even native English speakers. For instance, many people say or write "should of" and "could of" instead of "should have" and "could have." In other cases, syllables or consonants are deleted ("probly" instead of "probably" or "pitcher" instead of "picture").

It's easy to add an S to the end of "anyway" or confuse "accept" with "except." Learning to master the words that are commonly mispronounced even by native speakers can help with pronunciation and speaking practice.

Mispronounced words worksheet

Our downloadable worksheet helps ESL students perfect their pronunciation of commonly mispronounced words by asking them to choose which pronunciation is correct.

5. Homograph exercise

Homographs are words that have the same spelling but different meanings - and sometimes, different pronunciations. For instance, you can "bow" before royalty ("ow" sound) or use a bow ("oh" sound) to shoot an arrow. An entrance, with the accent on the first syllable, is a noun meaning a way in; to entrance, with the accent on the second syllable, is a verb meaning to delight.

Homographs should not be confused with homophones, which alike but are different, such as "two," "to," and "too." Then there are homonyms. A homonym is a word that's pronounced the same as another word but carries a different meaning. One example is "spring," which can be a coiled piece of metal, a season, a water source, or a verb meaning to shoot forth.

Pancake Panic online game

Here are a few common homographs and homophones that students can practice before playing Pancake Panic:

6. Similar words pronunciation exercise

English has a large number of homophones, which can create confusion for those learning the language. Words that sound similar can be difficult even for native speakers, who may confuse "their" with "they're" or "there" in their writing.

Practice can help English learners recognize different spellings and meanings for words like "shoot" and "chute" or "colonel" and "kernel." It can also help emphasize subtle differences between words such as "accept" and "except" or "boy" and "buoy."

Minimal pairs game

This game will help develop a better ear for hearing the English language spoken, and can be played alone or with a partner.

To play with a partner, have your partner read one of the words on the worksheet and circle or mark the word you hear. Then, compare your answer with what your partner said.

To play alone, simply read each word aloud and pay attention to the differences in how each word is pronounced. Speak slowly and sound out each syllable.

7. Syllable stress exercise

A syllable is a unit of speech that consists of a vowel or a vowel combined with one or more consonants. Words can have one or more syllables. When spoken, words with more than one syllable will be uttered with an emphasis placed on a particular syllable, as with "gage" in "engage" or "ar" in "architect." This is called syllable stress.

Syllable stress practice table

Our downloadable worksheet for syllable stress allows you to practice words with two, three, and four syllables with ease. Each section on the worksheet has a word followed by a series of dots (two dots for two syllables, three dots for three syllables, etc.) that will help you figure out how to sound out each English word with the proper word stress.

8. Reduced sounds exercise

While some syllables are stressed, others are shorter and less clear. There are two reduced vowel sounds in English: a barred "i" sound, as in "monitor," and the schwa sound (often expressed as "uh" and written as Ə in the International Phonetic Alphabet).

The schwa sound is an unstressed vowel that is pronounced "uh" as in the "e" in "problem" or the initial "a" in "again."

Learning to pronounce the schwa sound is important to developing a natural-sounding accent in American English because it helps the speaker avoid stressing the wrong syllable. For this reason, pronunciation exercises that focus on reducing certain sounds can be helpful to ESL students.

Schwa Song

(To the tune of "The Wheels on the Bus")
The Schwa sound is in pizza and sofa, Pizza and sofa, Pizza and sofa, The Schwa sound is in pizza and sofa, Do you hear an uh?

9. Rhyming exercise

Rhyming exercises and games can help English learners become familiar with how different words contain similar sounds. Repeating these words and sounds helps them become more natural with practice.

Rhyming memory flashcard game

10. Shadow speaking exercise

Shadow speaking is a technique for learning language. It involves listening to what someone says, then repeating it with as little delay as possible. This technique is often used with audio recordings to help people learn new languages. Common words and phrases are played on the recording, and the listener is encouraged to mimic what is heard. This can help language learners master difficult pronunciations.

One way students can learn shadow speaking is by playing the telephone game, which is a common game played during childhood. In the telephone game, one person whispers something to the person next to them, who repeats what they heard and whispers that to the person next to them. For online learning, our interpreter exercise can help teach this skill.

Interpreter exercise

You can also work on shadow speaking with interpretation exercises. Have someone explain something or tell a story. Their partner should rephrase what they said and repeat it back to them. For example:

Speaker: "To make toast, you need to make sure the toaster is plugged in and then grab whatever you want to toast, such as bread or a bagel."

Interpreter: "Before you can make toast, check to see if the toaster is plugged in, then get bread."

Speaker: "Check the dial to make sure the toaster is on the setting you prefer and then put the bread into the slots on the toaster."

Interpreter: "Adjust the toaster's setting and then put the bread in."

The goal of this exercise is to teach English learners how to decipher what they hear and repeat it using words they know. The goal of the speaker should be to speak slowly and carefully, giving clear directions for the interpreter. The interpreter should focus on giving the rest of the class the closest possible directions or version of the story based on what they hear.

General tips to improve English pronunciation

You don't need formal exercises to improve your English pronunciation. Examples of how English is used in speech are all around you and can be useful in providing opportunities to practice. Here are a few.

Read out loud and record yourself

Read sentences and phrases aloud and record yourself. When you play the recording back, you can hear how you sound to others. Comparing what you hear on the tape with examples of how native speakers pronounce words can help you recognize similarities and differences. You can then work on modifying your speech where you hear the differences. This can also help with English grammar.

Watch movies and TV shows in English

Television shows and movies provide other examples of how people speak. You can practice your listening skills and work to mimic what you hear said on the screen. Keep in mind that you may hear different accents, such as a New York accent or a Southern accent.

If you find yourself in a section of the country where accents are strong, try tuning in to shows where that accent is used so you can practice speaking the way others in your region do.

In the internet age , you can turn to news sites, music sites, and even sites that offer word games to help you learn English . You can learn from your PC or download apps for your mobile device.

Sing songs in English

Music is the universal language, so it's no surprise that songs can help learners familiarize themselves with English terms and pronunciations.

Try singing "ABC" by the Jackson 5 to get a handle on pronouncing letters and numbers, or "Friday I'm in Love" by The Cure to familiarize yourself with the days of the week. "My Favorite Things" from The Sound of Music contains rhyming, alliteration of consonant sounds, and a primer on vocabulary.

In fact, many songs contain rhyming phrases that can help make pronunciations of different words more familiar. Children's songs can be a great resource, too.

Find a native speaker for weekly chats

Ask about how you're progressing and where your friend thinks you might need more work. The person will be able to observe how you're learning over time and offer valuable feedback about your English conversation skills.

Speak slowly

Children learn to sound out words syllable by syllable, and that's a good exercise for English learners, too. It can help you get a better handle on pronunciation, but it can also help you get into the habit of speaking more clearly in conversation. When you slow down, you're easier to understand, regardless of whether English is a new language to you or your native tongue.

Conclusion

Learning a new language is always a challenge, and English is one of the most difficult to learn. But it can be helpful to do so. While English is one of many languages in America and worldwide, it is also the most commonly spoken. Anyone who wants to learn English as a second language has plenty of options for honing these skills, including online resources and .

Whether you're singing, watching movies, chatting with a native-speaking friend, or doing formal exercises, you can learn to speak English fluently and master pronunciation so you fit right in wherever you are.

Speak English confidently!

Improve your speaking skills with the best online tutors.

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10 English Pronunciation Practice Exercises & Printables

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English pronunciation practice can be a challenging part of learning a new language, but our exercises and printables can help make practicing fun!

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In under 3 minutes, we help you stay ahead of the pack by giving you 'must have' phrases that you can use in your everyday conversation

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The English We Speak is your chance to catch up on the very latest English words and phrases. In under 3 minutes, we help you stay ahead of the pack by giving you 'must have' phrases that you can use in your everyday conversation. Amaze your friends, impress your teachers and delight your parents with these fantastic words and phrases.

Let us know how you get on using them on Twitter and Facebook.

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BBC Learning English - The English We Speak

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The English We Speak is your chance to catch up on the very latest English words and phrases. In under 3 minutes, we help you stay ahead of the pack by giving you 'must have' phrases that you can use in your everyday conversation.

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Teaching Idioms for ESL Students: A Comprehensive Guide (2024)

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Are you considering teaching idioms for ESL students? You’re in the right place! Imagine sitting in a café overseas, and someone says they’re “feeling under the weather” or that it’s “raining cats and dogs” outside.

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Random Topic Generator - Capitalize My Title

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Looking for a new conversation topic or a new writing prompt? Try our free random topic generator.

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ESL Conversation Starters

Looking for that missing element that will help your ESL conversation classes sparkle, shine and speak English?

Leading an engaging ESL conversation class isn't something you can just pull off at the drop of a hat. But these tricks can help you go from zero to ESL hero. As a matter of fact, the one big secret is having...

Ready? Drumroll, please.

101 ESL conversation topics from a hat.

101 ESL Conversation Topics From a Hat

How many times have you been in an ESL conversation class and just couldn't get your students to speak?

In the classroom and in everyday life, we need conversation starters or ice breakers to end the silence. Arguably, there's nothing stranger than silence in a conversation class!

Here's how you do it:

Before you start the school year, dedicate some time to preparing a list of free talking topics (see below).

First, print the conversation topics below. Second, cut each topic and put them in a hat. Finally, have them attached to your hip whenever you're in need.

You can either open the whole classroom for discussion or have them speak in pairs. Furthermore, these ESL conversation topics are great for filling in any extra time at the end of the class or ice breakers at the start of a lesson.

And if you'd like more free ESL activities for your classroom, don't forget to check out our other lists to engage your students in English. All are free and can be used for any purpose.

Either way, the goal is to get them practicing in English.

Culture Differences for Kids

High schools (Do students wear special school attire like uniforms? Can students drive to their high school? Can students drink water in class?)

Country work ethic (How long are typical work hours? Do students work after graduating?)

School clubs (What unique school clubs are there? Which club are you in? Why did you choose that club?)

Holidays (What is your favorite holiday? What type of food do you eat on specific holidays?)

Jobs (What jobs exist? Is it easy to get a job after graduation? Is it easy to find a job now?)

Pop culture (Who are pop culture icons in your home country?)

Video games (Do you play video games? What types of video games are popular?)

Parenting and punishment (What kind of punishment have you received at school or home? Do you believe in physical punishment?)

Culture Differences for Adults

Restaurant tips (Are tips at restaurants common? How much is a reasonable tip?)

Work dinner parties (Do wives and husbands attend work parties?)

Gestures (What are some unique gestures (thumbs up, middle finger, etc) in your country?)

Gift exchange (When you travel, is it common to exchange gifts? How about Christmas or any other holidays?)

Living with parents (How old do kids live with their parents?)

Greetings (How do you greet in your country? Do you bow or do handshakes?)

Safety and crime (Do you think your neighborhood is safe? What kind of crimes happen in your area?)

Punctuality (How often are friends late? How about buses and trains? Is it rude being late?)

Food and health (What is a typical meal? How healthy is it? Are gyms becoming more popular?)

Sports (How do sports players show respect after a game? Are there any unique sports in your country?)

Multiculturalism (Is your country multicultural? Is multiculturalism a good thing?)

Gender discrimination (Do women and men make the same amount of money for doing the same job? Is there much gender discrimination in your home country?)

If you...

Have you ever...

Would you rather..

Controversial

With 5 Minutes Left, What Do You Do?

All things considered, 101 ESL conversation topics from a hat is a fantastic end of the class time filler.

When you run out of things to do, pull out the hat and pick a topic. Otherwise, your class would just be sitting there twiddling their thumbs.

Strangely enough, a lot of teachers don't equip themselves with back-up activities.

Now, you don't have to sweat it out and watch the clock tick until the bell rings.

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101 ESL Conversation Topics to Break the Silence [2021] - ALL ESL

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Looking for that missing element that will help your ESL conversation classes sparkle, shine and speak English? Leading an engaging ESL conversation class isn't something you can just pull off at the drop of a hat. But these tricks can help you go from zero to ESL hero.

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Basic Conversation Starters for ESL Beginners

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Partner conversation starters are a useful tool for your ESL speaking classes. Check out the best ESL conversation topics for beginners.

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Error correction in English teaching - Part 1- Why correct?

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Error correction in English teaching - Part 2- What to correct

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Error correction in English teaching - Part 3 - How to correct

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Errors are a natural part of language learning. Errors show us where learners are in their understanding. If a learner was taught a grammar tense weeks ago and is still making errors on the grammar tense it doesn't mean learning has not occurred. It is important to consider how error correction will affect a learner. Correcting all the errors a learner makes may result in frustration and giving up. Even if the learner requests that a tutor correct all of their mistakes, the learner doesn't learn much from the experience if there are too many to focus on at once.

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Test that measures all four academic English skills - reading, listening, speaking and writing - the way they are actually used in a classroom, so you can be confident you'll stand out to universities where it counts.

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The TOEFL tests prepare students for university study, immigration and more. Select the TOEFL test you'd like to learn more about or register.

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TLC has a study guide and DVD that can that can be borrowed for current learners.

Whether you're aiming for education, work, or migration, our test is designed to help you achieve your goals with confidence.

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For more than 30 years IELTS has set the standard for English language testing. Trusted by governments, employers and educational institutions - we've helped millions of people to achieve their goals.

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Looking to work, study, or live overseas? Trusted by more than 3 million people every year, IELTS is an English language test that can help you to achieve your goals.

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Measure workforce English-language proficiency across any or all four communication skills - listening, reading, speaking, and writing.

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The TOEIC Program | English-language Proficiency Tests

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The TOEIC program is the global standard for assessing English-language communication skills needed in the workplace and everyday life. Learn more about the TOEIC program and TOEIC tests.

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ELLLO has over 3,000 free listening lessons for all levels! Most activities have audio or video, a transcript, vocabulary lesson and interactive quiz.

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ELLLO - English Listening Lesson Library Online

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ELLLO stands for English Listening Lesson Library Online and features natural English lessons that come with quizzes, vocabulary training, and free printable worksheets. ESL students and teachers can access over 2,000 free lessons that feature World English with speakers from over 100 countries.

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This site contains videos and audio about current events as well as grammar explanation. All videas include a transcription and highlighted vocabulary. There is also a comprehension quiz at the end. This is a useful tool for someone interested in learning about current events and the American Culture.

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Voice of America - Learn American English with VOA Learning English

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Learn American English with English language lessons from Voice of America. VOA Learning English helps you learn English with vocabulary, listening and comprehension lessons through daily news and interactive English learning activities.

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Workbook: How To Teach Grammar Like A Pro

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Workbook: How To Teach Grammar Like A Pro

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Welcome to the website. If you're here, you're likely looking to find random words. Random Word Generator is the perfect tool to help you do this. While this tool isn't a word creator, it is a word generator that will generate random words for a variety of activities or uses. Even better, it allows you to adjust the parameters of the random words to best fit your needs.

The first option the tool allows you to adjust is the number of random words to be generated. You can choose as many or as few as you'd like. You also have the option of choosing words that only begin with a certain letter, only end with a certain letter or only begin and end with certain letters. If you leave these blank, the randomized words that appear will be from the complete list.

Another option you have is choosing the number of syllables of the words or the word length of the randomized words. There are also ways to further refine these by choosing the "less than" or "greater than" options for both syllables and word length. Again, if you leave the space blank, the complete list of randomized words will be used.

You have the option of choosing the types of words you want to be displayed using the "Word Type" dropdown. The default is "All" which is a curated list of thousands of the more common English words. You can also opt to only display nouns, verbs, or adjectives from this curated list. If you want to choose from all the words out there, you can choose "Extended" which is a list that includes over half a million different English words.

If you're interested in random words in languages other than English, you can choose the "Non English" word type. Doing so will give you the option to generate words in ten different languages other than English. This includes Spanish words, Hindi words, Arabic words, German words, Russian words, Chinese words, Japanese words, Korean words. Latin words, or Italian words. You simply need to choose the language and then words from that language will randomly appear with each refresh of the page.

Once you have input all of your specifications, all you have to do is to press the Generate Random Words button, and a list of random words will appear. Below are some of the common ways people use this tool.

Games

This tool can be useful for games like Pictionary or MadLibs. Since the words are random, this helps to keep a game like Pictionary fair for all those playing. For a game like MadLibs, it can help kids improve their vocabulary by generating words they may not have ever considered to fill in the blank spaces. The tool has the potential to help with any word game that doesn't require a specific word.

Creative Writing

For those who write, this tool can be an excellent device to aid in the creative writing process. By using the tool to create 5 random words, a writer could then attempt to use all of them in a single paragraph. Longer random word lists could be incorporated into a short story. Since the writer doesn't know which words will appear, creativity must be used to successfully incorporate all the words. To make the challenge even more difficult, the writer could try to use the words in the exact order they were generated. In this way, writers can challenge their creativity to push their writing skills.

Spelling and Vocabulary

This tool can be an excellent way to improve vocabulary or practice for spelling bees. If an unfamiliar word appears, looking up the meaning will help students increase the number of words they know. Working with a partner, students can test each other on the spelling for the randomized words generated.

Name Inspiration

If you need to create a name for a product, an event, a band or for anything else, this tool can be quite helpful. As you consider names, generate a number of random words and see how they impact what you have already come up with. Inputting unique words you may not have considered can spark additional creativity to eventually help you produce the perfect name for your project. If you're looking for good character names or baby names, you might be interested in our random name generator.

The above list is not comprehensive. There are literally hundreds of ways the Random Word Generator can be used. Please feel free to share the way you use this tool, and we always welcome suggestions on how we can improve it to serve you better. We are also interested in new word generators you'd be interested in us creating. Many of the tools on this website came from ideas from people like you who contacted us. Please take the time to explore the other random generators we have available which can be found in the right sidebar of the page.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the most common word?

What is a random word?

What is the most random word?

Is every word in English in your random word generator?

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Generate random words, nouns, verbs, adjectives, letters, phrases, sentences or numbers to brainstorm and create new ideas at Random Word Generator.

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Using the word generator, make a list of words, then cut each of them out individually. Have learners randomly select three words and define each one. Then, have them create one sentence with all three words. If that is too hard, they can create three sentences.

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Don't you love it when games you like in real life work beautifully in the classroom? This is one of those games!

I've got loads of ways you can use the Heads Up vocabulary game in your class, so let's jump in!

? What is the Heads Up Vocabulary Game?

Heads Up, the Forehead Game, What's on my Head?, Word Up, Headbands...it goes by many names, but they all refer to a game using either questions, charades, or clues to get a player to guess the word they have chosen that is displayed on their forehead before time runs out.

If you've seen the Ellen DeGeneres show, you may have seen her playing Heads Up! with guests. The app is a version of the game where the player choosing the word holds a phone up and other players give clues to try to help the person guess the displayed word.

If you haven't seen the app version, you may have seen or played the board game Headbandz, which is an analog version of the same idea.

The other common version of the game is where the person who draws the word asks questions of the other players, as opposed to having clues be offered by them.

For a vocabulary activity, we tweak it a little bit.

Instead of random words, we have students display target vocabulary words and ask questions of their peers (or be given clues) to try to guess the word.

This game is wonderfully adaptable to many content areas and grade levels.

? How to Play Heads Up

There are lots of ways to play and loads of variations, so let's find out more!

First, let's look at a basic version of how to play so that we have a feel for the game.

The game can be played in groups or as a whole class, so we'll look at how to play each of these versions.

The version here is the one where the person drawing the card asks questions. Stay tuned for directions for the version where the other players offer clues!

How to play a basic version: In Groups

Divide students into groups of three to five.

Give each group a stack of cards, face down.

The youngest student goes first and draws a card.

Without looking at it, the player shows the card to the other members of the group.

The card is placed on the forehead by being stuck in a headband (see below for options for displaying the card).

The player who drew the card asks yes or no questions of the other people in the group. No gestures or noise is allowed.

If the player guesses the word before time runs out, the team gets a point.

Repeat until the end of the game.

At the end of the game, the team tallies their cards.

(See "Variations" below for ideas on ending the game.)

How to play a basic version: Whole Class

? How to Choose Words

My first piece of advice on choosing words is to select words that students know.

This is not a great strategy for introducing vocabulary, but rather for reviewing or reinforcing it.

If your standards have vocabulary, that's a great place to look.

I'd recommend dividing those words up into sections based on when students will learn the words.

If you give them words they haven't encountered yet, you'll have problems because, as I mentioned, it's not great for initial instruction.

It's fine to choose words that students struggle with. In fact, those are the most important words to review.

This activity is great for reviewing a large quantity of words, so you may want to use it at the end of a grading period to go over all of the words students should know.

It's also great for reviewing words they had previously learned that they may not still be working with but should know.

You can use it at the beginning of the year or a single unit to see if students know words you think they know. (See "Preassessment" below for more on that.)

If you want more advice on choosing vocabulary words to teach, I've written an entire, super comprehensive article about that.

? Prep Work

This game is not low-prep the first time it's played, but once that initial prep is done, it will be super fast every other time.

I find that it's a time investment that's well worth it.

Materials needed:

A timer:

I use inexpensive 60-second sand timers. This seems to be the best time for a round. I use these timers for lots of things, not just this game, so the investment is worth it to me.

You can get other lengths of time, but this is what I get. (Affiliate link)

You can also use a digital timer. You need one for each group, though, so keep that in mind.

I've tried using just one timer and calling "Go!," for each round, but that doesn't work well because students aren't ready at the same time, and it just causes extra stress and chaos.

Those are two things no teacher needs more of!

Cards

Of course, you're going to need cards with the words on them. There are a number of ways to create these.

Index Cards:

You can simply write the words on old-school index cards (pretty neon colors optional).

This is simple, but time consuming. If a card is lost from the set, it's gone.

Since you need a deck for each group (unless playing as a class) that's a lot of cards. Because of that, this is not my recommended method.

Post-it Notes:

Post-it notes work really well because you can print on them (rather than writing the words out), and they already have adhesive on them, so students can stick them right to their forehead.

Because they are inexpensive in the (ugly) yellow color, it's okay if they get ruined.

Personally, I'm a Post-it snob and like the bright colors, but if you have access to the (sigh) yellow ones, go for it.

I use these so often and for so many things that I wrote an entire article, created a template for you, and made a video tutorial about how you can print directly on Post-its.

It's one of my fave teacher hacks.

Read the article or watch the video.

DIY Cards:

I use this method frequently. I type the words out and print them on cardstock. I cut the cards out and laminate them.

I laminate them because I will use them in other activities and games as well.

Did you know cardstock comes in different weights? It does! It ranges from 60# to 130#. The higher the number, the heavier and stiffer the cardstock.

If you are going to laminate the cards, it doesn't really matter, but if you're not, it's worth getting heavier weight cardstock to make it more durable.

The 100# weight will feel much more sturdy than the common 65#.

If you are using index cards, sticky notes, or the DIY method, make multiple sets so you have enough for every group.

Digital:

You can also type the words in Google Slides or in a PowerPoint, one word per slide.

If you have the Google Slides or PowerPoint apps, students can use these on a phone. If not, they can use a tablet or iPad.

A way to hold the cards (optional):

Holding:

Students can hold the cards in their hands, but if the guessing takes awhile, this can get tedious.

Headbands:

I suggest using cheap headbands from the dollar store. You can order online and have an entire class set sent to a store near you. I just wash them.

I've seen people suggest rubber bands, but I don't recommend that for what I hope are obvious reasons!

Headband Word Hats:

For younger students, this is one of my favorite methods, although my 10th-graders love it, too.

Using my template, I type in the words, duplicating the slides to make as many as I need. (You can make a copy of this template for your own Google drive free here.)

I print out the headband hats on different colored paper or cardstock, and I have students cut them out and staple the pieces together.

Staple the pieces together where they overlap in the back of the students' heads and cut off the excess paper.

If you want these to be useable over and over, attach a paper clip to the headband above the student's forehead and stick the clue card in the paperclip.

Use cardstock if you do this.

Have students write their names on the inside of the headband so that they can be reused.

I find that it doesn't hurt them beyond usefulness to be folded flat.

? Student Directions:

Here's how I explain the game to students. I'm giving two versions, but you should adjust these to match the variation you have decided to use.

Student Directions for the Clues Version:

This is the version where the student holding the card is given clues by the other players.

Directions for students:

Cluers Can:

Draw a picture

Act out the word

Give an example

Cluers cannot give the word or any part of the word.

If you play this version, it's important to make sure that the class understands that if the player isn't guessing the word, it may be that the clues are not sufficient.

Student directions for the question version

This is the version where the student holding the card asks questions of other players.

Directions for students:

Shuffle the cards.

The person who choose the card is called the "Asker." Other players are the "Answerers."

The Asker draws a card from the deck without looking at it and places it on their forehead, with the word facing the Answerers.

The Asker flips over the timer, and it's game on!

The Asker asks questions that can be answered with a "yes" or a "no."

Answerers can only answer "yes" or "no."

Answerers cannot give the word or any part of the word or act it out or give hints of any kind.

If a Answerer says the word or any part of it, the card is passed.

If the Asker is able to figure out the word, they put the card down and pick up another card.

The Asker may pass on the card by putting it in a separate pile and drawing a new card.

When time is up, the player to the left of the Asker becomes the new Asker.

At the end of the game, the whole group counts up how many words were guessed. Subtract the number of cards that were passed. That's the team's total points!

? How to play with the Heads Up app

If you would like to be super techy fun, you can modify the Heads Up app to play with your academic vocabulary.

You will need the paid version of the app to do this (it's currently $1.39) because you need the custom deck feature available in the paid version only. Additionally, you need to spend 99 cents to buy the customizable deck.

This version does not work well as a whole group, but does work well for an intervention strategy or a learning station or a guided group activity.

After you buy the deck, select Create Your Own Deck and type in the words you want students to practice. You can add words to your deck whenever you want, so don't stress about this part.

The game comes with a built-in video with the instructions, and it's super easy to play.

A player holds the device (phone or iPad) up to his/her forehead. (Warning: iPads or other tablets get heavy!!!)

A vocabulary word will pop up on the screen.

The other players give clues to help the player guess the word without saying the word or a part of it.

When the word is guessed correctly and the player wants another word, the player bows his/her head forward, tilting the phone, and a new word will pop up on the screen.

If players believe the word isn't going to be guessed, they can tilt their heads backwards (so the phone tilts). A different word will appear.

Each player's turn lasts 60 seconds, with players then counting how many words they were able to guess in that time.

The device is passed to the next player, and the game continues until every player has had a turn or the allotted time has passed.

Note: It's a good idea to have students wipe the device between players with an antiseptic wipe.

I'm not recommending this method, necessarily. I don't think it really saves much time overall, and every device needs the paid version.

? When to Use the Heads Up Game:

One reason I'm devoting thousands of words to sharing the details of this activity is that it is so versatile. It belongs in every teacher's toolbox.

Used in a whole-class method, this game is perfect for stolen moments.

It can be played in just a few minutes and works even while waiting in a line while kids take turns using the restroom or at similar times.

Played in small groups, it works in guided groups or in learning stations or centers.

It's a perfect activity for re-teaching, and can be included as an intervention strategy for a student requiring additional practice.

It's an easy game to share with parents for practice at home, if needed, wanted, and necessary.

? Why I Like It

If you play with questions or verbal clues, as opposed to charades, the thinking is usually deeper.

It develops different neural pathways to the same term, which is how we build deeper knowledge.

It's flexible, easy to play, and students like it.

It allows us to work with small numbers of words, so it's one of the few activities that works when there are only a few words one needs to review.

For example, if you have students in groups of three, you only need three terms for each person to have a turn.

Other benefits include:

Students enjoy the learning

It's a great content-based ice breaker

You can use it to build rapport in groups

It encourages risk-taking

? Variations

You can easily make subtle variations, such as using Rock/Paper/Scissors to decide who goes first instead of the youngest player.

Other variations add more depth or change the experience more significantly.

For instance, you can vary the way you end the game. You can play until:

a set time runs out

the first team to reach a certain number of points wins

an individual player gets a certain number of cards

every card has been played

You can play with large decks or small numbers of cards.

Rather than each player trying to guess a single word in their turn, have the player try to get as many words as possible in the time allotted. Or, if you've been playing this way, play without a timer and just play until each word has been guessed.

Play in pairs and have them work as a pair to get as many words as possible as a duo in the time.
Give different words different point values.
? Distance Learning Version:

It's a little trickier to play this game in a distance learning environment. You can message all of the students except one with the word, and have that one student be the Guesser. This is a little difficult, though.

You can divide the students into groups or rooms, and have one student in each room be the sharer of the words. That student messages a word to the others except one, who will be the guesser.

You can play a reverse version where the teacher knows the word and all of the students are guessing. This is perhaps the easiest way of all.

? Differentiation

To offer a greater challenge to strong students, you can make a challenge deck of difficult words.

For students needing support, offer question cards with possible questions the Guesser can ask about the word, such as:

Am I alive?

Am I a place?

Am I an animal?

Am I a person?

Do I move?

Do I make noise?

Can I swim?

Can I fly?

Do I get eaten?

Do I belong in a house?

Can you buy me in a store?

Am I bigger than a gallon of milk?

Am I heavier than a baseball? A box of books?

Can you hold me in your hand?

Some students have trouble thinking of questions, so this can be helpful.

If you are using vocabulary specific to a discipline, your questions should reflect that.

For math, the questions may look like:

Am I a number?

Am I an integer?

Am I a theorem, rule, or law?

Am I related to lines?

Am I related to shapes?

Am I related to triangles?

Am I related to variables?

Am I related to circles?

Am I represented by a symbol?

Would a fourth-grader know me?

Would a seventh-grader know me?

Can I be measured?

Do you use a protractor with me?

For ELA, the questions may look like:

You can also give a definition on the card for the person giving the clue as a support for struggling students.

? Preassessment

Heads Up works great for preassessment of vocabulary you think students should know prior to a year or unit.

There are two strong methods for preassessing using this method.

Both of them start with the same premise: The teacher compiles a list of vocabulary words the students should know or need to know prior to a learning experience.

That learning experience may be a particular unit or lesson, or it may be an entire year.

It's amazing to many teachers how often students will have huge deficits in common academic vocabulary!

"Huh, you don't know the word 'angle.' That's going to make teaching measuring the area of a triangle tricky."
When we know what words students don't know, we can target those words with those students. To do this, we preassess.
Preassessment Method #1: Pairs

Play the Guesser/Cluer version of the game for this.

Have students play the game in pairs using one deck per student (so the students will each play the entire deck).

Have the Guessers guess their entire decks (not taking turns), and then switch.

Have the Guessers set aside every word that is passed.

Once they have played, have them switch and play with a different partner, using only the words that were passed.

The reason for this is to make sure the student didn't miss the word just because of a poor clue-giver.

Whatever words are passed in this round are the target words that students need more review on.
Each student will have a different list.
Review those words in whatever method you want. If you find that the same words are commonly unknown, you may wish to do a whole-class review.

If you have some students who may be weaker, consider having a small group work with you as the Cluer for them.

Preassessment Method #2: Whole-class Review

For this method, the teacher goes through the whole deck being the Cluer.

Students have a sheet with a numbered list where they write down the word they think it is.

To play this, use larger paper (full sheets) with the word s. Stack that face-down.

Have students take turns coming up and drawing a sheet and holding it against their foreheads.

Take care that the rest of the class cannot see it, only the teacher. You can have them sit in a chair facing the teacher while the teacher is standing.

The teacher gives clues, and the students write down their guess. When the teacher has given what he/she feels to be sufficient clues, the student holding the card shows it to the class.

Students put a check mark if they got it correct, and circle the number if they got it incorrect. All students write the word on their sheet.

The student holding the card gets credit for the word when they return to their seat. Trust me, they'll remember it.

Another student comes up and draws a card.
Game repeats until all words are done.
This is a student fave!

? Wrapping Up

I'd suggest playing a few whole-class rounds with the teacher being the one holding the card. That way, students who aren't familiar with the game can learn it without stress.

Also, students who may have played a little differently from the way you're playing will pick up on this version.

This is such a great game, and once your students have played it, you'll use it again and again.

There are few activities as flexible of this, and it works well for teachers with a variety of personal styles.

Because the clues and questions will vary based on the students playing and are influenced by group dynamics, it feels fresh, even when played frequently.

If you were only going to pick a handful of vocabulary activities, this is one I'd definitely include.?

? You May Also Like:

If you haven't joined the luau yet, I hope you'll sign up! You're always welcome at the luau - where I'll keep you in-the-loop of all things vocabulary! You'll get the freebies, even if you miss the articles, and you'll get luau-insider tips & ideas. Join in here.

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How to Play the Heads Up Vocabulary Game | Vocabulary Luau

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Don't you love it when games you like in real life work beautifully in the classroom? This is one of those games! I've got loads...

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This activity gives the learner the ability to interpret and understand information presented visually by using descriptive language, observation skills, and critical thinking.

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Practise English with these grammar and vocabulary photosets.

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I love ESL listening activities that I can use over and over with all sorts of levels, topics, grammar, and numbers of students. They save a ton of time on prep and students love them even more as they grow familiar with them. A prime example of this is Bingo. This game is incredibly flexible and popular with both students and teachers. It's also great for involving everyone at the same time.
Related Post: Increasing ESL Participation Rates

Basic but flexible

Materials:
How to Play Bingo For ESL Listening
Basic Order:

Bingo papers with a blank 3×3 grid

pencils or pens

A common list of words (9 or more) to play with

Related Post: Give ESL Instructions Successfully with Chesting

1. Play this ESL activity after you've elicited, taught, and boarded the target vocabulary and grammar.

2. Chest and explain the game.

3. Students write one word from the common list into each of the boxes in their bingo grid (9 words for a 3×3 grid).

4. Randomly announce the words from the list for students to listen and tick.

5. Students shout out "Bingo" once they've made a complete diagonal, vertical, or horizontal line.

6. Give the first students a hi-five, thumbs up, or other reward for winning.

7. Play until several students have won.

Tips for Adapting Bingo

The glory of this ESL listening activity is in how easily adaptable it is.

Play several rounds of Bingo with different marks.

Students' Choice: Students choose where to write the words from the list, so their cards end up being pretty random. The more words you include in the list then the longer it will take students to get a bingo (12 is a good number). Give students a time limit, usually about one or two minutes, to write their words.

Multiple Rounds: You can play multiple rounds with a single bingo paper. Write "Game 1, 2, 3" on the board. Tell students in Game 1 they'll make ticks (checks), in Game 2 they'll make circles, and in Game 3 they'll make crosses (Xs). The students can't get Bingo with a mix of ticks, circles, or crosses. This way you can easily play multiple rounds with students.

Make it Level Appropriate: You can use Bingo with all sorts of levels, topics, and language. Here are some examples;

1. Simple: just say the words individually

2. Sentence: use the words in a sentence

"It's a monkey"

"I have a yellow pencil"

"I like hamburgers"

"You can borrow and read books at the library."

3. Description: describe the meaning of the word

"It has a tail and it can climb trees quickly. It likes bananas."

"It's long and thin. You can write with it and erase mistakes."

"It's a popular food. It has bread, meat, lettuce, tomato and ketchup. I like to eat it at..."

"This place has lots of books for you to read and borrow. You must be quiet here."

4. Spelling Dictation: spell out the words for students

Extra ESL Listening Tips

No Prizes: You don't need to give material rewards to students with a Bingo. A thumbs up (where culturally appropriate), high-five, or other verbal praise is usually enough. I only specifically praise the first few students to get Bingo. In large classes you can quickly get bogged down praising/rewarding each student.

Instruction Checking: It's worthwhile to ask a couple ICQs before playing Bingo. For example, draw some ticks in your grid on the board and ask which make a bingo. Later, add some circles and ask if they make a bingo with the ticks. Students should say "no" to a bingo with both ticks and circles.

Team Communication: You can increase the level of English chatter by putting students in pairs or small groups. They'll help each other and automatically repeat words after you've called them out.

Age Appropriate: This game is best for students who are fairly confident writers. It takes a really long time for young students who are still learning to write. They also often just write the words in the order they see them in the list. I don't recommend playing this game with 1st semester Grade 1 students. Afterwards, it depends on how advanced your classes are.

Error Check: Monitor and check students' spelling while they write and play the game. You can discreetly point to errors for them to check and fix.

Minimax Teacher: In a pinch, you can give students a blank half-sheet of paper and have them draw their own Bingo grids.
What topics or grammar have you used Bingo for?
What other listening activities do you love to use?
4×4?: Some teachers prefer a 4×4 grid instead of a 3×3. This is fine, too. Though it means each game takes longer, you need a lot more vocabulary, and fewer students have a chance to get a bingo.

This game goes great as a follow-up to Battle of the Scribes.

Download this free Bingo template here: Bingo STT

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Bingo is an ESL Listening Activity for All Seasons - Star Teacher Training

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I love ESL listening activities that I can use over and over with all sorts of levels, topics, grammar, and numbers of students. They save a ton of time on prep and students love them even more as they grow familiar with them. A prime example of this is Bingo.

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Practice ordering at a coffee shop or restaurant (Chipotle, Subway, or other places that have multiple menu options). You can also practice together with a menu to build confidence.

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How to ORDER COFFEE in English at Starbucks

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7 Easy ESL Games | ESL Games for Teaching Abroad & Online

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This is a great option for groups of ESL learners to debate different topics.

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Story Cards: Click at the bottom to "deal" the picture cards, and have students create a story using the pictures dealt.

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Interactive games, puzzles, activities and exercises aimed at learning and teaching English and other subjects online.

Create your Own Activities

Put together your own shareable online activities.

Use the scrambled sentence maker to make fun jumbled word activities.

Create a card set. Great for refreshing vocabulary, grammar prompts and conversation questions.

Make a matching activity. Match the item from the left column with the correct item from the right column.

Create test questions with multiple options.

Create gapfill or cloze questions exercises.

Create a shared online board game for up to 8 players.

Create a hidden picture quiz. Reveal the picture one numbered square at a time.

Create a scatter sheet word guessing game. Great for reviewing vocabulary and encouraging fluency.

Conversation Questions

A huge deck of random questions which can also be selected by topic with sets of themed conversation starters. You can also find a random topic generator here which works as a more free-form conversation starter.

Other Activities

Displays 8 random pictures to prompt creative story telling and writing.

Guess the sound quizzes. Great for picking up everyday vocabulary.

A variety of photosets designed to elicit suitable grammar and vocabulary.

A predict what happens next quiz. Good for practising future tenses.

Make predictions about the future with this fun 'rune' generator.

Players have to describe a photograph or use their creativity to describe an imaginary picture.

Puts together a random verb and preposition to test knowledge of phrasal verbs.

Test your ability to recognise and produce different English language phonemes.

Find suitably sized articles for creating your lesson.

Make the longest word you can from the randomly chosen letters.

Test your vocabulary with these picture quizzes.

Other Resources

Lots of online-teaching ideas from elsewhere on the web.

ESLgames.com

If you are classroom-based teacher, our partner site ESLgames.com has lots of activities for use in a more traditional setting. Among the many resources there, you will find plenty of teaching ideas, grammar games, speaking activities and printable worksheets.

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Activities for Teaching and Learning Online

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Interactive games, activities, puzzles and exercises for home schooling, learning and teaching online.

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If you want to help your students out with remembering new vocabulary words, here is one way to do it. Instead of just reading a dialogue mindlessly, students have to fill in the blanks with key words that you've given them.

Works a whole lot better, right? That's assuming your goal is to help your students out with vocabulary! Keep on reading for all the details.

Dialogue Substitution

Skills: Reading/Listening/Speaking
Time: 10-15 minutes
Materials: PowerPoint or handouts of photocopiedtextbook dialogue with parts removed.

Lower-level text books contain many dialogues but their effectiveness is reduced when students don't have to listen to their partner in order to successfully complete their role. An easy solution to this is to use dialogue substitution which provide the dialogues with key elements missing (comparatives for example). Or, you may want to try it out with giving directions as well.

Students then have to listen in order to respond appropriately. Dialogues are an excellent way for students to see how new vocabulary is used in real-life situations.

Remember that the goal is to challenge your English learners during your lessons! Keep on reading for all the information you need to use this activity successfully in your classes. Let's get to it!

Beginners: You May Have to Scaffold It

You may want or need to scaffold this activity by providing a list of possible words, phrases, or grammar patterns that could be used to fill the gaps. Alternatively, you can make the activity more difficult or realistic by allowing students to complete the dialogue using any language that makes sense, even if it hasn't been presented in that lesson.

This activity is also useful for reviewing some basic conversation strategies: asking a speaker to repeat what he/she has said, or asking for clarification (as well as others). This is an area where students may need a bit of scaffolding, such as a few ways to politely ask others to repeat themselves:
One more time, please? Sorry, I didn't understand.
Also, remind students that when they speak to someone, they should be looking at the person, rather than at a handout or screen.

Some Possible ESL Dialogue Topics

There are certain topics that lend themselves better to this activity than others. For example, food or sports, directions, school or classroom life often work well. Holidays, or planning for them lend themselves well to this too (for more ideas, check out: ESL Thanksgiving Games).

You just want to make sure that there's a distinct word for each blank spot and it's not too ambiguous.Something like culture, travel or health might be too difficult! But, of course, it depends on the level of your students.

What about for Business English?

If you teach business English to lower-level students, then you may find this activity particularly useful. It can lend itself well to all sorts of things like:

At the airport

Phone conversations

Answering questions about a product

Small talk with customers

Etc.

A quick tip: Ask your students what they want to work on, or what situations they feel nervous about. Adults are usually quite willing to tell you. Then, you can build your own dialogues for ESL students around this. It's a great way to make your class even more useful.

Teaching Tips for Dialogue Substitution:

This can work with any size class, but you may need to remind students to use their "inside voices." Also be sure to circulate around the class monitoring their language choices, and making corrections as needed.

This activity is best for beginners to low intermediate students. Advanced level students are able to have conversations without the framework already there like lower-level students need.

Teachers often neglect pronunciation skills, but this activity lends itself well to some focus on it. Point out particularly difficult words or phrases before getting started.

Procedure for this Dialogue Activity:

1. Before class, scan or photocopy a textbook dialogue with the target language removed.

2. Optionally, create a list of possible words or phrases that students can use to complete the dialogue or, encourage students to use other words or phrases that will fit the target language. Also, introduce any language needed for practicing communication strategies (see above).

3. Divide students into pairs and have them take turns being A and B.

4. To extend the activity, have students change partners and repeat the dialogue, using different words to create a new conversation.

Like this ESL Vocabulary Activity?

If you found this ESL dialouge activity useful, then you're going to love this book: 39 ESL Vocabulary Activities: For Teenagers and Adults. It's the book you need if you want your students to have fun while learning new English words.

The book is available on Amazon in both digital and print formats. It's super easy to download the e-version onto any device by using the free Kindle reading app. Yes, it really is that easy.

You can keep a physical copy on the bookshelf in your office to use as a handy reference guide when you're doing your lesson plans. Or, take a copy with you on your phone or tablet to your favourite coffee shop for lesson planning on the go.

Check it out for yourself over on Amazon, but only if you want to get yourself some ESL awesome in your life:

All About Student-Centred Teaching

This activity is an excellent example of student-centred teaching and learning. Instead of just giving students a complete dialogue that they can read without even thinking about, you've left some blanks so that they have to work hard to figure it out.

Good work and a job well done! Keep it up. If you want to learn more about this style of teaching, check out this short video below:

Have your Say about Substitution Activity!

What are your thoughts about this ESL dialogue practice? Do you think it would work in your classes, or do you have another go-to one that you'd like to share?

Leave a comment below and let us know what you think.

Also be sure to give this article a share on Facebook, Pinterest, or Twitter. It'll help other busy teachers, like yourself find this useful ESL conversation dialogue activity.

Last update on 2020-04-15 / Affiliate links / Images from Amazon Product Advertising API

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Dialogue Substitution: An ESL Vocabulary Activity for Kids or Adults

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If you want to help your students out with remembering new vocabulary words , here is one way to do it. Instead of just reading a dialogue mindlessly, students have to fill in the blanks with key words that you've given them. Works a whole lot better, right?

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Unscramble Sentences Worksheets - 15 Worksheets.com

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This is a great series of activities and exercises intended to help improve your grammar, syntax, and writing skill in general.

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This activity gives the learner the ability to interpret and understand information presented visually by using descriptive language, observation skills, and critical thinking.

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Unitarian Universalist Refugee and Immigrant Services and Education - provides low-cost and no-cost immigration legal services, no-cost CARE (Connections / Advocacy / Resource Navigation / and Emergency Safety Planning for Immigrants) services to individuals and families, and responds to the needs of a wide variety of communities and partners by providing services and resources designed to support and further justice for immigrants.

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UndocuSupport strives to meet the basic needs of immigrant families to allow them to be healthy and thrive in the challenging environment of disproportionate impacts of disasters and beyond, layered over years of systemic racism.  UndocuSupport seeks to improve access to basic health and social services, and provide support to allow families to work, attend school, and care for children.

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SLO County UndocuSupport coordinates and provides resources for undocumented and mixed status families in San Luis Obispo County area.

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Prepare for changes in U.S. immigration policies under the Trump administration in January 2025. A regularly updated guide for immigrants.

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Watch as he demonstrates where to find the various types of materials available on the Ellii platform.

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Learn how to organize Ellii's lessons into Prepping, Teaching, and Taught columns to make planning a breeze! Lessons in the Teaching column are also instantly assigned to students to save you time.

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Ellii for Teachers (formerly ESL Library)

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Explore new and featured English lessons, grammar videos, resources, blog posts, flashcards, and more!

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Offering free audio, video, and text materials to learners around the world.

Many of our materials are delivered as full length courses but each component of the course is standalone and can be studied on its own.

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BBC Learning English - BBC Learning English - Homepage

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Learn English with these free learning English videos and materials from BBC Learning English. This site will help you learn English and improve your pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary knowledge.