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Romania’s history begins with the ancient Dacians, who were conquered by the Romans in 106 AD. In the Middle Ages, the region was divided into Wallachia, Moldavia, and Transylvania. These later united, starting in 1859, and formed modern Romania. After gaining full independence in 1877 and uniting all major regions in 1918, Romania went through a communist period until the 1989 revolution. Today, it is a democratic country and a member of the EU and NATO.

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Popular Dishes

1. Sarmale – Cabbage rolls stuffed with a mix of minced meat (usually pork), rice, and spices, simmered in tomato sauce. A must-try.

2. Mămăligă – A polenta-like cornmeal dish, often served with sour cream and cheese (brânză), or as a side to meats and stews.

3. Ciorbă de burtă – A tangy tripe soup made with vinegar or lemon juice, sour cream, and garlic. Known for its unique flavor.

4. Mititei (Mici) – Grilled skinless sausages made from a mixture of beef, lamb, and pork, seasoned with garlic and spices.

5. Ciorbă de fasole cu afumătură – Bean soup with smoked pork, often served in a bread bowl.

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Romania’s relief is diverse and well-balanced, consisting of mountains, hills, and plains arranged in a roughly concentric pattern. The Carpathian Mountains dominate the center, forming a natural arc, with peaks often reaching over 2,500 meters. Surrounding the mountains are hilly and plateau regions, such as the Transylvanian Plateau and Subcarpathians. Toward the edges of the country lie the plains, including the fertile Wallachian Plain and the Banat Plain. In the southeast, the Danube Delta, a unique and biodiverse wetland, meets the Black Sea. This varied relief contributes to Romania’s rich natural landscapes and ecosystems.

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Romanian culture is a rich blend of ancient Dacian roots, Roman influence, and diverse traditions shaped by history and geography. Folklore, music, dance, and traditional costumes play a central role, especially in rural areas. Traditions like colinde (Christmas carols), Mărțișor (spring celebration on March 1st), and Easter rituals reflect deep spiritual and communal values. Handcrafts, such as pottery, weaving, and wood carving, are still practiced with pride. Romanian culture values hospitality, family, and a strong connection to nature and heritage.