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During this ancient period, a civilization emerged in China, which established their authority over a larger area of northern and central China. They were already using the modern Chinese script, and their bronze technology was highly developed. In fact, they were making some the greatest bronzes ever produced in world history. Cultural influences from the Yellow River region were spreading to other parts of China during this time.

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The Qin dynasty established the first great Chinese empire, which lasted from 221 to 207 BCE. The name China is derived from this dynasty. They set the approximate boundaries and basic administrative system that all subsequent Chinese dynasties followed for the next two millennia.

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During the period of 475 BC to 221 BC, China witnessed a time of great turmoil and political instability, as seven major states vied for power within the empire. With each state determined to emerge victorious, the only certainty was that conflict and strife would continue. It was only at the end of this turbulent period that the Qin state, led by the visionary Qin Shi Huang, emerged as the dominant force, conquering the remaining six states and ushering in a new era of unity and prosperity. Qin Shi Huang's leadership and vision paved the way for a united China and marked the beginning of a new chapter in the country's history. Huang, emerged as the dominant force, conquering the remaining six states and ushering in a new era of unity and prosperity. Qin Shi Huang's leadership and vision paved the way for a united China and marked the beginning of a new chapter in the country's history.

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For three centuries, Chinese states fiercely fought against each other for territorial advantage and dominance. The battles were so intense that they shaped the course of Chinese history. It's a testament to the determination and resilience of the Chinese people that they were able to endure such a tumultuous period and emerge stronger.

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Confucianism and Daoism Developed: 500 BCE

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Confucianism and Daoism Developed: 500 BCE

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The 5th century BCE was a tumultuous period in China, marked by violent conflicts among rival states. Such dire circumstances necessitated novel political models to address the crisis, and this gave rise to a plethora of new philosophical ideas. The most influential of these philosophies were Confucianism and Daoism. To understand the ideal form of government according to ancient Chinese philosophers, this lesson delves into Confucian and Daoist texts. Discover the wisdom of the past and unlock the secrets to effective governance.

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Legalism is a political philosophy that originated in China and was created by the renowned Chinese philosopher Han Feizi. Legalism emphasized the need for strict governance and recruitment policies. According to this philosophy, rulers had to be strict in order to maintain their authority. People had to accept the ruler's decisions as final, and nothing could change them.

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The Han dynasty (206 BCE–220 CE) played a significant role in reuniting China after a civil war that followed the death of Qin Shihuangdi in 210 BCE. The dynasty can be divided into two periods: the Former (or Western) Han, which had its capital in Chang'an (present-day Xi'an), and the Later (or Eastern) Han, which ruled from Luoyang, located 230 miles east of Xi'an.