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Vimy Ridge Visitor Education Centre, Route des Canadiens, Vimy, France

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Vimy ridge memorial center with all the fallen soldiers

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Vimy Ridge Visitor Education Centre, Route des Canadiens, Vimy, France

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Vimy Ridge Visitor Education Centre, Route des Canadiens, Vimy, France

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Vimy ridge was a significant battle in Canadian history as it was Canada's biggest fight and loss of men

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Treaty One Nations, Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB

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Treaty One Nations, Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB

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Treaty One Nations, Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, MB

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The first treaty (Treaty 1) was signed in 1871, and is in Winnepeg Manitoba. the band of Yellow Quill received a further 25 square miles of land to be laid around the reserve. as well as, the government agreed to maintain a school on each reserve whenever the Indians wanted it. Also, it prohibited the introduction or sale of liquor and alcohol on reserves. Each family also gained 160 acres of land.

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Treaty 4 Territory sign, Louis Riel Trail, Bladworth, SK

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Treaty 4 Territory sign, Louis Riel Trail, Bladworth, SK

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Treaty 4 Territory sign, Louis Riel Trail, Bladworth, SK

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The signing of Treaty 4, when Saskatchewan/Yorktown became a treaty.

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Batoche National Historic Site, Batoche, SK

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Batoche National Historic Site, Batoche, SK

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Batoche National Historic Site, Batoche, SK

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Site of the 1885 North-West Rebellion led by Louis Riel; pivotal in Métis and Indigenous resistance

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Batoche National Historic Site, Batoche, SK

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Important site in Treaty 4 negotiations and a hub for early prairie settlement. had many friendships and bonds made between people

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Home to the Red River Resistance (1869-1870) and the Métis nation; Louis Riel declared a provisional government here.

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Treaty 6 Territory sign, Louis Riel Trail, Bladworth, SK

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Treaty 6 Territory sign, Louis Riel Trail, Bladworth, SK

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Treaty 6 Territory sign, Louis Riel Trail, Bladworth, SK

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A key numbered treaty signed between the Crown and Indigenous peoples, still central to Indigenous–Crown relations

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Treaty 6 Territory sign, Louis Riel Trail, Bladworth, SK

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Important for early rail and military history; also notable for Chinese Canadian history and Prohibition-era legends.

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Location of a major residential school site; ground zero in the recent discoveries of unmarked graves. over 200 uncounted deaths and a big upset in the world

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A key site in Mi'kmaq fishing rights conflict in the 1990s and 2000s, following Supreme Court rulings.

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Capital of New France, later captured by the British in 1759; UNESCO heritage site.

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A French fortress on Cape Breton Island; fell to the British in 1758, pivotal in the conquest of New France

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Memorial site for the Acadian deportation (Le Grand Dérangement) during British conquest.

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One of the oldest cities in Canada; center of fur trade, French culture, and Confederation debates

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First capital of the Province of Canada (1841–1844); naval base during the War of 1812

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Originally a French and later British colony, key in the War of 1812 and Indigenous-British alliances.

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Capital of Upper Canada during part of the War of 1812; preserved Loyalist heritage

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Region vital to the fur trade; home to Hudson’s Bay Company posts and Indigenous trade routes.

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Headquarters during the negotiation of Treaty 6 (1876), which covers central Saskatchewan and Alberta; site of Indigenous resistance and early enforcement of the Indian Act.

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Near the signing area of Treaty 2 (1871) in southern Manitoba.

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Close to the negotiation and signing sites of Treaty 7 (1877), involving Indigenous groups in southern Alberta

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Administrative center where Indian Act policies were implemented and Indigenous leadership often met with government officials

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An early Hudson’s Bay Company post and site where Indigenous peoples interacted with colonial administration, later affected by Indian Act regulations

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One of the oldest settlements, located in Treaty 8 territory (1899); a place where Indigenous peoples’ treaty rights and Indian Act enforcement intersected.

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Urban center where many Indigenous people relocated due to Indian Act policies and reserve conditions; also a focal point for treaty rights activism

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Within Treaty 5 territory; important for Indigenous communities navigating treaty implementation and federal policies under the Indian Act.

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Located in Treaty 11 territory (1921); key for Indigenous and government negotiations on land and resource rights under treaty and Indian Act frameworks

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The defection of Soviet cipher clerk Igor Gouzenko in Ottawa exposed Soviet espionage, marking the start of the Cold War in Canada.

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The new Canadian flag was officially raised on Parliament Hill, symbolizing a new Canadian identity.

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Montreal hosted Expo 67 in 1967, a world’s fair celebrating Canada’s centennial and showcasing Canadian culture and innovation

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A 78-day standoff between Mohawk protesters and Canadian forces over land rights, a pivotal moment in Indigenous activism.

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Quebec narrowly voted against sovereignty, with a 50.6% to 49.4% margin, raising questions about Canadian unity.

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Canada became one of the first countries to legalize same-sex marriage nationwide in 2005, a landmark human rights moment.

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Legalization of Same-Sex marriage Ontario

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Truth and Reconciliation Commission Final Report

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Truth and Reconciliation Commission Final Report

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In 2015, The TRC released its findings on residential schools, with major calls to action to address Indigenous reconciliation.

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Truth and Reconciliation Commission Final Report

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The pandemic affected all of Canada, leading to public health emergencies, lockdowns, and significant social and economic changes across cities like Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal.

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Newfoundland Island, Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador

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While the Titanic sank in 1912, the wreck was discovered in 1985 by a joint American-French team with Canadian participation. The tragedy has deep connections to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where many victims were brought and buried, making it a significant maritime and historical site for Canada.

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White Paper Rejected by Indigenous leaders

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White Paper Rejected by Indigenous leaders

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The federal government, under Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and Minister Jean Chrétien, proposed the 1969 White Paper to eliminate the Indian Act and assimilate Indigenous peoples. It was strongly rejected by Indigenous leaders, including Harold Cardinal of the Indian Association of Alberta, who wrote The Unjust Society in response.

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White Paper Rejected by Indigenous leaders

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