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Alia ziedbAltamimi M5
Reem Al jali
Hajar alawad
Hessah Alhamdan

Among the authors of realism there are five such as Mark Twain, Henry James, Edith Wharton, and Willa Cather. The literature in realism focused on social conflict and social ills. Also, found the meaning of mundane. In first author Mark Twain is called H.L. is the true father of American literature. His work has rough humor, social satire, and magic power with language as in the adventure of Huckleberry Finn and life on the Mississippi. The second author is Henry James the funder of psychological realism in the 20th century “Steam of Consciousness” and his work focus on psychological such as on portrait of a lady, The Ambassador, and The Wings of the Dove.

Civil Disobedience: (Hessah Alhamdan)
- Written after Thoreau spent a night in jail after refusing to pay a poll tax.
- Thoreau refused to pay the $1.50 tax because the revenues went to the government which was allowing slavery to continue and which was waging an unjust war against Mexico.
- Thoreau’s essay urging passive, nonviolent resistance to governmental policies to which an individual is morally opposed.
- Some influenced individuals such as Gandhi, Martin Luther King Jr., and Cesar Chavez.

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Alia ziedbAltamimi M5
Reem Al jali
Hajar alawad
Hessah Alhamdan

Romanticism is a literary movement marked by the focus on the individual and the perspective of the person and the values over reason, it is also characterized by the celebration of nature and the man l. In romanticism, there are characteristics such as reflecting on nature’s beauty as a way to develop the spiritual and moral. Also finds inspiration such as legend and myth and folklore. The main factors leading to the rise of Romanticism are the proliferation of protestant denominations and independence in religion and politics, egalitarianism.

Here are some notable writers in the age of American Romantics: (Hessah Alhamdan)
1) Washington Irving: American author, essayist, biographer, historian, and diplomat. He is best known for his short stories, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Rip Van Winkle, both published in his book, The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. The first American to make a living solely from writing. Irving was among the first American writers to earn fame in Europe. Has been called the father of the American short story, and some authors have benefited from him such as Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allen Poe, and Herman Melville.

2) Nathaniel Hawthorne, was an American short story writer and romance novelist who experimented with a broad range of styles and genres. He is best known for his short stories and two widely read novels: The Scarlet Letter (mid-March 1850) and The House of Seven Gables (1851). His works belong to the sub-genre of Dark Romanticism, distinguished by an emphasis on human fallibility that gives rise to lapses in judgment that allow even good men and women to drift toward sin and self-destruction.

3) Poe was one of the earliest American writers to focus on the short story and is credited with inventing the detective fiction genre. But it is for his horror stories that he is world famous today, great short stories that are widely known, including; The Pit and the Pendulum, The Cask of Amontillado, The Tell-Tale Heart, The Black Cat, The Fall of the House of Usher, and The Purloined Letter are among his most popular short stories.

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After the Civil War came to a conclusion, the literary trend known as "American Realism" emerged, emphasizing the actual (truth) as opposed to the imagined or fantastic.

Realistic portrayals of life attempted to capture the hard reality of daily living as truthfully and correctly as possible.

It shows typical people adjusting to daily challenges.
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