# data[].attributes.body
This process is chemical, the digestive juices transforms the chewed food into into simple chemicals

# data[].attributes.body
The passage of molecules from digested food through the wall of the instentine and into the blood or lymph is known as absorption.

# data[].attributes.body
Digestion is completed in the small intestine more specifically in the ileum (the last section of the small intestine). By now, most carbohydrates have been broken down to simple sugar, proteins to amino acids, and fats to fatty acids and glycerol. These molecules are small enough to pass through the wall of the small intestine and into the blood.

# data[].attributes.body
During digestion, food is broken down and processed into nutrients used for the body to properly function and to be healthy. However, food doesn't get processed easily, as it has to follow certain steps to be digested.

# data[].attributes.body
The plasma membrane of the cells of the villi is folded into the microvilli. Nutrients are absorbed though the epithelium that covers the intestinal villi. It is a single layer of cells connected to a large network of blood capillaries. Nutrients pass through the epithalic cells to the blood or lymphatic vessels, to be distributed throughout the body.

# data[].attributes.body
Food is firstly chowed down using the jaw/mouth, which is considered as mechanical process, meaning that the food is broken down into smaller parts using the teeth and tongue and is mixed with saliva.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.savemyexams.co.uk/dp/biology_sl/ib/16/revision-notes/6-human-physiology/6-1-digestion--absorption/6-1-2-villi--absorption/

https://biology-igcse.weebly.com/absorption-ndash-function-of-the-small-intestine-and-significance-of-villi.html

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Picture of the mouth and location of salivary glands

# data[].attributes.body
Saliva contains a special enzyme, named amylase. It helps to break down long chains of starch into smaller pieces. Saliva helps to start the chemical process of carbs. After the food is crushed down, the mouth forms a food bolus, or food ball, which is ready to be swallowed.

# data[].attributes.body
The food in the stomach mixes with gastric juices which contains hydrochloric acid and the enzyme, breaking it into much smaller digestible pieces ( chyme ) which leaves the stomach through the pylorus.

# data[].attributes.body
The walls of the stomach are covered with mucous to protect the stomach lining from the gastric juices.

# data[].attributes.body
https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/digestive-system.html

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Food bolus being swalloed and pushed down to stomach

# data[].attributes.body
Once the food bolus is ready to be swallowed, it is pushed down into the pharynx by the tongue. There is a special flap that covers the trachea so that it doesn't enter your lungs, and it is called epiglottis. This flap folds and closes whilst swallowing. The food then passes into the oesophagus, which has various involuntary muscles that push the food down inti the stomach, such as smooth muscles. These involuntary muslce movements are called peristalsis. The food is then passed to the stomach.

# data[].attributes.body
This process is chemical . In the small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, pancreatic juices and intestinal juices. Digestion of fats begin and carbohydrates and protein digestion is complete. Chyme is turned into a milky liquid called chyle.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544242/
https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/epiglottis
https://www.altonmemorialhospital.org/Health-Library/View-Content?contentTypeId=134&contentId=193

# data[].attributes.body
The small intestine has 3 features:

- Muscular folds: the inner part of the intestine is circular folds, not only this increase surface area but also controls how quickly food is metabolized and passed through your intestines.
-Villi :The inner surface is folded and they are like finger-like projections and there are covered with cells that help absorb nutrients from the food that passes through.
-Microvilli: The cells of each villus is covered, they are like tiny hair structure and increase the surface of each individual cell, meaning that each cell can absorb more nutrients.

# data[].attributes.body
The undigested food reaches the large intestine, water is remained and the remaining becomes more solid, forming faeces. The large intestine is colonised by symbiotic bacteria, which makes up the intestinal flora, this bacteria produces vitamins K and B and absorbs them into the blood.
The remaining undigested waste is expelled through the anus by defecation.

# data[].attributes.body
Although the large intestine's glands secrete mucus, they do not secrete digestive enzymes. Therefore, chemical digestion in the large intestine is entirely caused by bacteria in the lumen of the colon.

# data[].attributes.body
The small intestine is about 7-8 meters long. There are 10-40 villi per square millimiter. There are approximately 200 million microvilli per square millimetre of the intestine. Surface area of the intestine is increased to 200 square metres.

# data[].attributes.body
- https://www.chp.edu/our-services/transplant/intestine/education/about-small-large-intestines