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The effects of the war led to the downfall of four monarchies, Russia, Austria Hungary, Germany, and the ottoman empire. The end of the war was the beginning of the end of colonialism. The war created a rise of communism and fascism, as well as colonial revolts and genocide. The biggest change after the war was the global power shift from Europe to the United States.

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Trenches- were long ditches dug in the ground.  Nations would dig up hundreds of miles of trenches facing one another to help defend them   from enemy fires. Many died of disease caused by unhygienic conditions.

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World War l was  different  from  other wars because it involved more nations from different parts of the world than in previous wars, and killed more soldiers and civilians. The war weakened western European powers and encouraged the growth of nationalism. Treaties signed at the end of the war set the stage for WWll

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Wilson pushed his principles in the Document called the fourteen points.

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Propaganda is communication meant to influence attitudes and opinions of community about a specific subject by spreading inaccurate or slanted information.

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Total war was where nations would commit all resources towards the war. This also included the domestic population and their desire to win the war. Everyone worked in the factories, even women. Britain, France, and Russia had workers imported from China to make up for labor shortages.

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Tanks would protect troops as they moved across areas with difficult terrains.  They also had the ability to fire at enemies through the tanks.

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Airplanes were used to carry on observation of enemy lines. In 1915, they became fitted with machine guns and led to the start of aerial combat.

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Submarines were used to cause trouble on shipping lanes of the Atlantic Ocean.

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Machine guns could fire more than 500 rounds of warfare. This made it difficult for any side to gain more territory.

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Poison gas included chlorine, mustard, and phosgene gas as a means of weapons.   The effects were extremely painful and long lasting. Veterans who have come into contact or   inhaled any of the poison gas during their time in service have experienced permanent lung damage.  After the war, international   treaties outlawed the use of poison gas as a weapon.

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Conscription is the compulsory enlistment in armed forces.  Britain was the only one without conscription. Since the British knew that patriotism may be contagious, so instead they recruited Pals Battalions, made up of men who   already knew each other.  New advancements in war technology and tactics led to trench warfare, poison gas, machine guns, submarines, airplanes, and tanks.

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Archduke Franz Ferdinand Was the heir to the Austro- Hungarian throne and was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip. His Death caused the start of World War l because Austria- Hungary gave Serbia an ultimatum of ending the Anti-Austrian movement. Serbia    declined so Austro- Hungary declared war.

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Gavrilo Princip assassinated archduke because he was against Austrian- Hungary's rule in the Balkans.  Gavrilo was part of the Black Hand, a nationalistic organization devoted to ending Austro- Hungarian presence in the Balkans. His assassination of Archduke was one of the immediate causes in the start of the war.

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League of nations was an organizational nation of the world would discuss conflicts openly to avoid tensions between countries. Several nations were down with this idea but the u.s senate decided against it

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MAIN- is the acronym for the four big causes of the war. It stands for Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and   Nationalism. These four points are the major reasons why the war started, besides the assassination of Archduke, and the tensions in Europe. M.A.I.N was the breaking point.

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Mandate system is where allies would have control over former German and Ottoman empires, closely related to the effect of the treaty of Versailles.

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Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty with Germany, which led to the harsh treatment of Germany because Wilson was not able to convince France and Britain to not punish Germany. Germany then had to pay off billions of dollars in reparations for damages caused by the war, give up their colonies, and restrict the size of their armed forces.

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Militarism is aggressive military preparedness. This became a problem because it encouraged European powers to invest in the military to show dominance and strength. The industrial revolution allowed mass production of weapons and supplies.

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Alliances- Members secretly agree to protect and help one another when attacked. This reason is why Russia and Germany were ready to interfere with the conflict between Serbia and Austria-Hungary.

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Imperialism is an alliance system developed because European countries in the west became bitter rivals   for global domination.  This was a way to assert power, make them wealthy, and own oversea colonies, Imperialism was the driving force behind tensions in Europe, leading to Archdukes assassination.

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Nationalism- The   assassin of Archduke is an example of the   growth in nationalism because both parties sought out self-determination.