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- Large Regions ( continents, where do you divide continents?)
- Central America
- Sub Saharan Africa
- Russian Federation
- World Sub regions - Distinctive part of a larger region
- South America/Brazil

- National/Sub national/Local regions - Further subdivisions by changing the scale or defining characteristics (Climate Geography, Culture, politics, economics)

- Some regions may change over time

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- Perceptual Regions (vernacular) - Defined by and informal sense of place, varied boundaries

- Different sense of place = different definition of what united the region and what includes it.

- Different maps may create different perceptions on sense of place

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- Functional Regions (Nodal) - Organized around a focal point and defined by an activity (Political/social/economic) and united by networks of communication or transportation

- Pizza delivery, states/countries, & airports

- all functions based on one focal point for information

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- Formal Regions (uniform or homogeneous)- united by one or more traits. How do traits define a region

- Political (Brazil)

- Physical (Saharan)

- Cultural (Quiche)

- Economic (USSR, Gold Coast)

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. scale helps
1. organize data
2.gives context to data
3. identify the magnitude of trends

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global - The entire world

World regional - multiple countries of the world

National - one country

National Regional - A region within a country

Local - Province, country, parish, neighborhood.

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- cultural ecology: study of how humans adapt to a specific environment

- Environmental Determinism: land forms and climate shape human behavior and societal development far more than culture

-  Popular in the 19th/20th century - excused Imperialism, superiority theories

- Possibilism: Reaction to determinism, limits the effects of the natural environment and focuses on the role of human culture/ ingenuity in determining how the environment is used.

- The Netherlands - 35% below sea level, dykes, walls, canals, pumps

- native american/European cultural development

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- study of how land is used, modified, and utilized by people

- Data patterns help determine land use and potential impact

- "built environment" -structures, roads, signs, etc.

- culture landscapes

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1. prolonged access to natural resources
- use resources responsibly now
- make sure these resources can be used in the future
- minimize impact on the environment

2. Sustainable development policies: prevent resource depletion, limit reckless mass consumption.

3. why is sustainability a key aspect of the study of human geography.

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self explanatory.

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Earth Composition - mostly neutral/valueless

2 types of resources - renewable - theoretically unlimited

non renewable - no unlimited.

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Essential question- How Humans interact with the environment and explain spatial patterns.

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. Distance/time
. Time/space compression - shrinking time distance due to modern transportation and communication.

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. sense of place - meanings humans assign to a place based on their own perception.
(emotional connection) ex: Rome, Jerusalem, Washington D.C.

. toponyms - place name to show information about the place ex: Miami beach, it is a beach

. convey idealism: lake city, Iowa.
some names can be literal some can be exaggerated.

. International confusion: Iceland

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1.Field work
2. govornement documents
3. media
4. smartphones - metadata
5. social media
6. satellites

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. all information that can be tied to a specific place
. quantitative data - measured in numerical value
. sources
1. maps
2. graphs.
3. data tables
4. infographics

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. Data is useless without interpretation
. Basic questions
1. Who are the people migrating into this area, why are they leaving?
2. What are the cultrues of these people groups
3. What effect will the changes have on the local economy?
4. what are the causes of people moving
5. What type if human environment interactions are occurring.

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1. Remote sensors
2. Aerial Photography
3. Ground level Photography
4. Chemical Analysis

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Photos, Satellite mapping, modern development

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Primary method, sites, visits, and interviews.

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natural philosophy

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Task of defining/ describing landscapes

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What are the different methods of geographical data collection

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Elevation - Distance of features above sea level. ISOline map

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Definition- The way that a phenomenon is spread out over an area.

Clustered Pattern data - Data that is arranged in a group/shows where groupings are.

Linear Patterns - data sorted in a straight line. not always on the line

Dispersed Data Distribution - Usually used when data is dispersed over a large area. associated with bell curves.

Circular Datat Distribution - data that is measured from a certain point. Ex. Restaurants near me.

Geometric data distribution - Data arranged in a regular pattern. Not common

Random Data Distribution - data with no real pattern to it.

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anytime geographer are in the real word collecting data, they are in the feild.

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North, South, East, and West'
pretty simple

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1. absolute location - the exact location using latitude, longitude, and international  date line

2. Relative location - location based on the location of landmarks. ex. arca is right by the sports complex.

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Absolute distance - uses only precise metrics, FT, YD, M, Mi, etc

Relative Distance - Usually uses time it takes or mode of transport.