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STEP 1:

To begin to classify, it is necessary to :

*analyze the merchandise in order to determine what material it is composed of

* the nature and origin of the merchandise in order to locate it in the corresponding section and chapter.

STEP 2:

The necessary information will be found in the Ley General de Importación y Exportación, which contains the general rules and complementary rules which will

help us to identify the classification of the

merchandise.

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STEP 4:

Identify which of the General rules apply to the product to begin to classify.

Step 5:

It is necessary to analyze the different sections according to the product to be exported

Step 6:

Once the section is located, the chapter, heading and subheading are located.

Step 7:

When the characteristics are examined and the section has been selected, the chapters and subheadings most likely to contain the good to be classified shall be determined to reach its tariff fraction.

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Step 8:

Compare the headings of the same level to find the most suitable for your product. Later it will be the revision of subheadings, which will legally determine the tariff fraction.

Step 9:

It should be noted that it will also be adding the Commercial Identification Number (NICO)( Número de Identificación Comercial ) , in order to determine the tariff classification.

Step 10:

After reviewing the explanatory notes and your merchandise agrees with the tariff explanation, then you will have found your correct tariff fraction, although sometimes this is not so easy.

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It establish three principles:

(1) Section titles have an indicative value, guiding classification within their field of application;

(2) Classification is legally determined by headings and section notes.

(3) The third principle states that all other General Rules may be applied if they are not contrary to the Headings and Section or Chapter Notes, stating that the text of the Headings and Section or Chapter Notes takes precedence over any other consideration in determining a good's classification.

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Classifications 101 - General Rules of Interpretation

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It is a nomenclature that is applied to each merchandise within the Foreign Trade, it is assigned by a code established worldwide, for its identification within any customs of any country.

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General Rule 4 categorizes goods that cannot be classified under Rules 1 to 3, requiring a comparison with similar goods to determine the most similar goods, which are classified in the heading with the greatest analogy.

Rule 5(a) pertains to cases and similar containers designed to house specific articles or assortments. These containers are used for prolonged use, protecting the articles during transport or placement. They should be presented at the same time as the articles, must be commonly sold cases, do not confer essential character, and are not invoiced separately.

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The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System of the World Customs Organization (WCO), also known as Harmonized System (HS) has been incorporated into their legislation with great success, in more than 200 countries, to identify and classify all goods subject to Foreign Trade and thus control its commercial flow, in what we call, INCREDIBLE TARIFF NOMENCLATURE, since it is surprising that with only six digits it includes all the existing goods in the world that are subject to trade, with the only condition that they are tangible goods.

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Rule 2 a) outlines three ways to present merchandise without altering classification: incomplete merchandise, which must present essential characteristics of a complete or finished article,be presented, and have disassembled or not yet assembled articles.

Rule 2 b) suggests that a matter in a heading may include or reach it if mixed or combined with others. It also suggests a manufacturing of a given material, requiring classification based on Rule 3.

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Classifications 101 - Wrapping Up With GRIs

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APPLICATION:

In its Article 2, the LIGIE comprises the General Rules and the Complementary Rules for the application of the Tariff of the General Import and Export Taxes Law. These are the only way that establishes the methodology and criteria for its function and application.

In México they are called General Rules because they are so established in the LIGIE and are part of the WCO Nomenclature Treaty, therefore they have an international application.

In addition, there are other rules in this same law that are called Complementary Rules, these are only of national application. Below we will transcribe, mention and analyze their scope and application

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The Harmonized System is a classification system based on six General Rules, where its legal basis, methodology and application criteria are defined, and that is the basis of its assertive precision, which does not admit the possibility of a double classification for the same merchandise, which makes it possible for the Harmonized System to include in only six digits those that correspond

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Rule 5 b states that common packages should be treated as containers for their containing goods, but should not apply to those that are susceptible to repeated use.

Rule 6 applies to subheadings with one or two indents, and notes or texts incompatible with the section or chapter note. Two-dash subheadings cannot extend beyond the scope of the one-dash subheading.

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*Proper classification of mineral products helps determine the necessary taxes and duties for import or export, depending on their type and origin.

*Mineral products may be subject to specific customs regulations, including labeling, certificates of origin, quality standards, and import/export restrictions, which classification aids in implementing.

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The ATA Carnet is a unified international customs document that allows free admission of goods exempt from import duties and tariffs in over 78 countries and customs territories.

It is also known as the Goods Passport. The ATA Carnet can be presented via passenger or freight methods, with the passenger method eliminating the need for a customs agent.

However, it does not cover the transport of food, liquids, chemicals, paints, perishables, disposables, or difficult-to-identify merchandise.

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The ATA Carnet: Explained… Save time and money at customs!

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•Explanatory notes to section V of the LIGIE: Mineral products.

This chapter categorizes mineral products into raw, crushed, ground, pulverized, levigated, sieved, enriched, and roasted products.

It does not include:

1. sublimated or precipitated sulfur

2. coloring earths with a combined iron content

3. drugs

4. perfumery, toilet or cosmetic preparations

5. cobblestones, curbs, paving slabs, cubes, dice, mosaics, slates

6. precious or semi-precious stones.

An anti-dust substance may be added to these products, provided it doesn't make the product more suitable for specific uses.

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General Rule 3 outlines three classification methods for goods, which can be applied in various headings.

General Rule 3 a) prioritizes specific items over general scope items. A heading with a clear, precise description should be considered more specific. General Rule 3(b) applies to mixed products, different materials, unions of articles, and retail sale goods. If Rule 3(a) or 3(b) is inoperative, goods are classified under the last heading. (3C)

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*Classification of mineral products is crucial for accurate import and export records, enabling government authorities to make informed decisions about the flow of goods.

The classification of mineral commodities in the LIGIE is crucial for ensuring proper application of customs and tax regulations, promoting orderly and efficient international trade.

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(A) product of heading 28.44 or 28.45 = classified in that heading and not in any other heading.

(B) product of heading 28.43/ 28.46/ 28.52 =classified in that heading and not in any other heading

2. product (by reason of presentation in dosage form or packaging for retail sale, (30.04, 30.05, 30.06, 32.12, 33.03, 33.04, 33.05, 33.06, 33.07, 35.06, 37.07 or 38.08) =classified in that heading

3. Products put up in sets consisting of several distinct components are classified in the heading for the latter product, provided that the components are:

(a) clearly identifiable, by their packaging,

b) presented together;

(c) identifiable, by their nature or quantity, as being complementary to each other.

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CHAPTER 25: Salt; sulphur; earths and stone; plastering materials, lime and cement

1. Salt for human consumption

2. Unroasted iron pyrites

3. Natural Gypsum

CHAPTER 26: Ores, slag and ash

1. copper ores and concentrates

2. Roasted iron Pyrites

3. Nickel ores and concentrates

CHAPTER 27: Mineral fuels, mineral oils and products of their distillation; bituminous substances; mineral waxes

1. Coke and semi-coke of coal, of lignite or of peat, whether agglomerated; retort carbon.

2. Pitch Coke

3. Jet Fuel

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1. Chapter 28 : Inorganic chemicals; inorganic or organic compounds of precious metal, of radioactive elements, of rare-earth metals or of isotopes of rare-earth metals

2. Chapter 29: Organic chemicals

3. Chapter 30 : Pharmaceutical products

4. Chapter 31: Fertilisers

5. Chapter 32: Tanning or dyeing extracts; tannins and their derivatives; dyes, pigments and other colouring matter; paints and varnishes; putty and other mastics; inks

6. Chapter 33: Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery, cosmetic or toilet preparations

7. Chapter 34: Soap, organic surface-active agents, washing preparations, lubricating preparations, artificial waxes, prepared waxes, polishing or scouring preparations, candles and similar articles, modelling pastes, «dental waxes» and dental preparations with a basis of plaster

8. Chapter 35: Albuminoidal substances; modified starches; glues; enzymes

9. Chapter 36: Explosives; pyrotechnic products; matches; pyrophoric alloys; certain combustible preparations

10. Chapter 37: Photographic or cinematographic goods

11. Chapter 38: Miscellaneous chemical products

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Chapter 28 :

1. isolated chemical element

2. aqueous solutions of the products above

3. other solutions of the products above

Chapter 29 :

1. organic compounds in isolation

2. mixtures of isomers

3. aquatic disolutions of products above

Chapter 30 :

1. Glands and other organs for organo-therapeutic uses

2. Human blood; animal blood prepared for therapeutic, prophylactic or diagnostic uses

3. Medicaments

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Chapter 31:

1. Animal or vegetable fertilisers

2. Mineral or chemical fertilisers, nitrogenous.

3. Mineral or chemical fertilisers, phosphatic.

Chapter 32:

1. Tanning extracts of vegetable origin

2. Synthetic organic tanning substances; inorganic tanning substances;

3. Colouring matter of vegetable or animal origin (including dyeing extracts but excluding animal black)

Chapter 33:

1. Essential oils (terpeneless or not), including concretes and absolutes; resinoids; extracted oleoresins;

2. Perfumes and toilet waters.

3. Beauty or make-up preparations and preparations for the care of the skin

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Chapter 34:

1. Soap; organic surface-active products and preparations for use as soap

2. Organic surface-active agents (other than soap);

3. Preparations (including cutting-oil preparations, bolt or nut release preparations)

Chapter 35:

1. Casein, albuminates and other albumin derivatives.

2. Gelatin (including gelatin in rectangular

3. Prepared glues and other prepared adhesives, not elsewhere specified or included;

Chapter 36:

1. Propellent powders.

2. Prepared explosives, other than propellent powders.

3. Fireworks, signalling flares, rain rockets, fog signals and other pyrotechnic articles.

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Chapter 37:

1. Photographic plates and film in the flat, sensitised, unexposed, of any material other than paper

2. Photographic film in rolls, sensitised, unexposed, of any material other than paper

3. Photographic paper, paperboard and textiles, sensitised, unexposed.

Chapter 38:

1. Artificial graphite;

2. Activated carbon; activated natural mineral products; animal black, including spent animal black.

3. Tall oil, whether or not refined.

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Classifications 101 - Choosing the Right Heading