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Photographers manipulated these photos with Vaseline that was put on the lenses of the cameras to get the fine art effect that these photographers had set out to achieve. These photos were a part of the Alfred Stieglitz collection.  These photos were taken with the intent of looking like art. This led to modernism in art.

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An American Photographer who was the most prominent spokesperson for Pictorialism in America. Stieglitz greatly contributed to the history of photography. He introduced modern art to America.

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This photograph by F. Holland Day was set out to refer to two very important period of African American history. Menelek founded Ethiopia and was its first emperor. Day was able to capture the history within the portrait. Day was able to manipulate the style of fine art with the Vaseline over the lens- the photo looks like art.

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An American photographer and publisher.  He was the first in the United States to advocate that photography should be considered a fine art. A very influencial photographer for fine art photography.

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This photograph by Gertrude Käsebier is a portrait of printer Francis Watts Lee’s wife, Agnes and their daughter, Peggy.It was made in 1988 to describe the Victorian ideals of motherhood and femininity.It also evokes the idyllic domesticity of the arts and crafts movement.(Stieglitz) published the photograph in Camera Notes in July 1900 and in the first issue of Camera Work in January 1903.

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Gertrude Käsebier was an American photographer. She was known for her images of motherhood, her portraits of Native Americans, and her promotion of photography as a career for women.

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Clarence H White Photographed 3 little girls playing the ring toss game. "Ring Toss" is an ingratiating vision of youthful feminine grace in a domestic setting. It signals a remove from the modern urban world and demonstrates White's ability to find sentiment even in the commonplace.

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"The Flatiron" is the quintessential chromatic study of twilight. Clearly indebted in its composition to the Japanese woodcuts that were in vogue at the turn of the century and in its coloristic effect to the "Nocturnes" of Whistler, this picture is a prime example of the conscious effort of photographers in the circle of Alfred Stieglitz to assert the artistic potential of their medium.

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The contrast between the strong diagonals  of the balcony railing  the handle of the duster pointing at the street below and the maid's vertical form leaning create a sense of movement and spontaneity  while emphasizing the vastness of the view beneath her.

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In 1902, Stieglitz invited him to become a founding member of the Photo-Secession, and his facility with complicated photographic techniques such as the gum bichromate and autochrome processes, as well as his refined aesthetic sensibility, matched the artistic ambitions of the group perfectly.

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De Meyer photographed the dancer Nijinsky and other members of Diaghilev's troupe when "L'Après-midi dun Faun" was presented in Paris in 1912. It has been suggested that this photograph, the only nude by DE Meyer.

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Alvin Langdon Coburn photographed this as a contemporary piece. It is a photo of the Met tower in New York Madison Square Garden. It had a soft focus incorporated with it in order to have a fine art effect.  The photo was named "The Octopus" due to the pattern that had been created within the image, the pattern of the sidewalks cutting though the parks looks like an octopus.

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Stieglitz believed that portraiture concerned more than merely the face and that it should be a record of a person's entire experience, a mosaic of expressive movements, emotions, and gestures that would function collectively to evoke a life. "To demand the portrait that will be a complete portrait of any person," he claimed, "is as futile as to demand that a motion picture be condensed into a single still."

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Whether showing a young girl working in a cotton mill or groups of boys breaking coal, his photographs exposed the dark underbelly that was pushing forward the American Industrial Revolution and were instrumental in enacting change. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Hine continued to photograph workers, giving us a window into the backbreaking labor needed to build up the American economy. Over time, the public has come to appreciate the important role Hine's work had in shaping social justice in the first half of the 20th century. Hine's son later donated his prints and negatives to the Eastman Museum, after they were turned down by MoMA.

Hine once said, « the Human Document to keep the present and the future in touch with the past.» And indeed, by this definition, he certainly fulfilled his duty.

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This image shows a man's head at the upper left as an arm reaching at a diagonal from the lower right extends its fingers to grip into the man's eye sockets, while the thumb grabbing his chin, holds his lips shut. The arm, accentuated by a gold armband, reminiscent of those worn by Roman soldiers, becomes symbolic of anonymous power and the impact that abuses of power can have on individuals. The inclusion of the title on the piece reinforces this message. Mortensen's work reflected his interest in psychology and the darker aspects of human behavior. As he wrote, "When the world of the grotesque is known and appreciated, the real world becomes vastly more significant".

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Stieglitz photographed the large property that his owned. At Lake George, Stieglitz was removed from the tumult of the political and artistic arenas that had previously occupied him.

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Migrant Mother photo has been compared  the image retains an air of mystery.The photograph was made while Ms. Lange was working for the federal Farm Security Administration. Her sense of commitment and her ability to distill very important and complex arguments into imagery that made those arguments seem absolutely impossible to ignore. It feels particularly timely

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Robert Capa made his seminal photograph of the Spanish Civil War without ever looking through his viewfinder.Robert Capa considered one of the best combat photographs ever made he was first to show battlefield death in action. The men would pop aboveground to charge and fire old rifles at a machine gun manned by troops loyal to Francisco Franco.

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Garden Chair, Autumn, (1941) (Edward Weston)

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Garden Chair, Autumn, (1941) (Edward Weston)

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This Piece of artwork was originated in 1941 in Pennsylvania.It was made to show a very surrealism style.it’s provenance appeared first

Between 1967 and 1973, then sold by the family of the artist to William H. Lane (b. 1914 - d. 1995).

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Edward Henry Weston was a 20th-century American photographer. He has been called "one of the most innovative and influential American photographers..." and "one of the masters of 20th century photography." He lived through 1886 - 1958 and grew up in Highland Park, IL.

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Photographed by Ansel Adams, an American Photographer who is best known for his images of the American West (Yosemite Valley). This photo was taken in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. This is a dramatically lit photo of a snaking river, creating a beautiful masterpiece. This is a significant photo as it led to the federal governement setting up laws to set aside US lands as protetced parks.

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An American Landscape photographer and environmentalist. He helped found Group f/64, an association of photographers advocating "pure" photography which favored sharp focus and the use of the full tonal range of a photograph.

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The photographs arrived at the Curator Gallery in a box intended for curator Bill Shapiro, the former editor of Life magazine. When he saw the first photos, the curator wondered if he could look at the work of a Life photographer he didn't recognize.He was friends with Gordon Parks, a staff member of Life. He has also worked and performed alongside Walker Evans, Ansel Adams

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The American photographer W. Eugene Smith sets off on a trip to Spain for the renowned weekly magazine Life. However, his position within international politics is precarious. The Second World War ended with the defeat of his fellow dictators Hitler and Mussolini and the Spanish dictator narrowly escaped being unseated by the Allies. Since 1945, Spain finds itself in diplomatic isolation. Reluctantly, the regime is reaching out, initially to the United States of America. The Cold War has led to a climate that isn’t unfavorable for this. Apart from this, it seems a good idea to do something about Spain’s image, which in the public opinion is still associated with Nazi Germany and fascist Italy.

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In the Court of the Meiji Temple,Tokyo,Japan (1952)

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In the Court of the Meiji Temple,Tokyo,Japan (1952)

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Here he (Warner Bischof) has captured the delicate furor of a heavy snowstorm while photographing monastic life at the Meiji temple in Tokyo. His rhyming of the lollipop-pruned trees with the figures and their umbrellas, along with the contrast between the wooded environment and the low, geometric forms of the buildings, is a fitting representation of its subject. The building is a Shinto shrine to Emperor Meiji, who was responsible for ushering the modern era into Japan.

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Werner Bischof was a Swiss photographer and photojournalist. He became a full member of Magnum Photos in 1949, the first new photographer to join its original founders. Bischof's book Japan was awarded the Prix Nadar in 1955.

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H. Armstrong Roberts took this iconic photo of the Chicago Night Scene. This Photograph Portrays the Vibrant night life that Chicago is known for and shows how big of a city Chicago is.

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Robert Frank, “Fourth of July—Jay, New York,” 1954.

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Robert Frank, “Fourth of July—Jay, New York,” 1954.

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This is one of the pictures that led Mr. Frank’s critics to condemn his groundbreaking book, “The Americans,” as anti-American. The threadbare flag and littered lawn didn’t measure up to the story Americans told about themselves and their heritage.

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Robert Frank was a Swiss photographer and documentary filmmaker, who became an American binational. His most notable work, the 1958 book titled The Americans, earned Frank comparisons to a modern-day de Tocqueville for his fresh and nuanced outsider's view of American society.

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American Photographer Jacques Lowe photographs then Senator John F. Kennedy as he lounges on a porch at 90th and Hickory street. Minutes before the photo was captured JFK planned out his plans for the 1960 democratic primaries.

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Moon Over Half Dome (1960) (Ansel Adams)

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Moon Over Half Dome (1960) (Ansel Adams)

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Half Dome is a great mountain with endless variations of lighting and sky situations and seasonal characteristics.It was made with gelatin silver print.”The many images I have made reflect my varied creative responses to this remarkable granite monolith", he said.”Moon and Half Dome" appears on the cover of "Classic Images," the book based on the Museum Set.

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Photographed by Duane Michals, an American photographer in 1969. This is a series of six images to suggest a narrative, there is a lot of room for imagination of the side of the audience. Two men having an encounter in an alleyway as they pass by each other, what does this mean? The photographer left room for creative flow of the audience. A beautiful sequene of fine art photos in black- and-white.

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Subject movement and action are essential to the concepts of cinema and cinematography. The human experience identified with dramatic movement and action - a cinematic moment - also became increasingly paired with publicity stills or movie stills. In addition to multiple or composite photographs evoking cinematic recognition, a single image - a film still - would serve that purpose. In Cindy Sherman came one of the first cross-overs from publicity photography to fine art photography, and her work drew international attention from a three year project called Film Stills

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Beso de la muerte (The Kiss of Death) (1989)

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Beso de la muerte (The Kiss of Death) (1989)

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made many trips to Latin America to collect vintage photographs. Library in California put together a cross-section of Latin American photography for their study and research purposes.Throckmorton led to buy many vintage early nineteenth century Mexican and Peruvian photographs. At the same time he wanted to show young, contemporary photographers from Cuba, Mexico, Peru, and elsewhere in the region.

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When the exhibit opened in April 1990, Hamilton County prosecutors charged CAC director Dennis Barrie and the museum itself with obscenity, the first time criminal charges had been levied against a museum in the United States. News outlets from the coasts portrayed Cincinnati as a cultural backwater that would rather lock up a museum director than be confronted with difficult art.

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When Art Fought the Law and the Art Won (1995)

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When Art Fought the Law and the Art Won (1995)

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The Mapplethorpe obscenity trial—the first time a museum was taken to court on criminal charges related to works on display—became one of the most heated battlefronts in the era’s culture wars. Taking place over two weeks in the fall of 1990, the resulting attention challenged perceptions of art, public funding, and what constituted obscenity. A quarter century on, the trial’s impact can still be felt, and is being recognized in Cincinnati, the city where it all took place, with a series of events and exhibits.