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The term postmodernity or postmodernity was used to generally designate a wide number of artistic, cultural, literary and philosophical movements of the 20th century, which extend until today, defined in various degrees and ways by their opposition to or overcoming the trends of Modernity .
Postmodern literature was characterized by an ideology and style that appealed to fragmentation, diversity, paradox, little-known storytellers, parody, and "black humor." It rejects the distinction between genres and forms of writing. (Juan)

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The story is about the meeting between a Norwegian woman, Ulrikke, and a Colombian professor, Javier Otárola (first person in the story), in the city of York. In that meeting, the protagonists fall in love and are nicknamed with the names of the heroes of the Icelandic story of the epigraph, Brynhild and Sigurd. The story, in addition to presenting a rare aspect in Borges's work, such as the protagonist's infatuation, suggests towards the end that the story is part of a dream. However, as is known from the correspondence, etc., it is a story in its autobiographical way. Ulrica is the name of the woman with whom Borges had an affair after his tortuous bond with Estela Canto. (Juan)

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It narrates the encounter between a 19-year-old Borges Joven and an old, blind Borges, 70, who is the one who writes and narrates the events.
This story takes place at the same time in two places and in two different times; On the one hand, it takes place in Cambridge, United States, in 1969 and at the same time in Geneva, Switzerland, a few steps from the Rhone River.
This person begins to whistle a song that he knows and makes him remember a moment in his past life but then he recognized who he was, approached him and asked him where he was from, this person answers that he is Argentine but has lived in Geneva since 1914.
This story is a conversation with himself, (an intrusion) that investigates the theme of duality and the continuous becoming represented by Heraclitus. (Juan)

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Jorge Luis Borges is acclaimed around the world as one of the best writers of the 20th century for the perfection of his language, the erudition of his knowledge, the fantastic realism of his fictions, the universality of his ideas and the beauty of his poetry. His unique literary style stems from the interpretation of concepts such as time, space, destiny and reality, giving life to essential philosophical reflections in intriguing universes populated by libraries, labyrinths and mirrors.
Jorge Francisco Isidoro Luis Borges was born in Buenos Aires on August 24, 1899. From an early age, he developed a fondness for reading and was acquiring a great erudition through family influence. Thanks to an English paternal grandmother, his literacy was bilingual. At age 4 he already knew how to read and write, and at 10 he had already written his first story and published the Spanish translation of an Oscar Wilde story in a local newspaper. (Juan)

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Jorge Luís Borges was an Argentine writer who specialized in short stories, poems, and essays. Although he never wrote a novel, he is considered one of the most important writers of his generation, not only in his native Argentina but around the world. Often imitated but never duplicated, his innovative style and stunning concepts made him a “writer’s writer,” a favorite inspiration for storytellers everywhere. (Matias)

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Jorge Francisco Isidoro Luís Borges was born in Buenos Aires on August 24, 1899, to middle-class parents from a family with a distinguished military background. His paternal grandmother was English, and young Jorge mastered English at an early age. They lived in the Palermo district of Buenos Aires, which at the time was a bit rough. The family moved to Geneva, Switzerland, in 1914 and remained there for the duration of the First World War. Jorge graduated from high school in 1918 and picked up German and French while he was in Europe.(Matias)

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In the 1930s and 1940s, Borges began writing short fiction, the genre which would make him famous. During the 1930s, he published several stories in the various literary journals in Buenos Aires. He released his first collection of stories, "The Garden of Forking Paths," in 1941 and followed it up shortly thereafter with "Artifices." The two were combined into "Ficciones" in 1944. In 1949 he published El Aleph, his second major collection of short stories. These two collections represent Borges’ most important work, containing several dazzling stories that took Latin American literature in a new direction.(Matias)

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Is a form of literature which is marked, both stylistically and ideologically, by a reliance on such literary conventions as fragmentation, paradox, unreliable narrators, often unrealistic and downright impossible plots, games, parody, paranoia, dark humor and authorial self-reference. Postmodern authors tend to reject outright meanings in their novels, stories and poems, and, instead, highlight and celebrate the possibility of multiple meanings, or a complete lack of meaning, within a single literary work.
(Matias)

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Examples of stylistic techniques that are often used in Postmodern literature:

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Examples of stylistic techniques that are often used in Postmodern literature:

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Pastiche: The taking of various ideas from previous writings and literary styles and pasting them together to make new styles.

Intertextuality: The acknowledgment of previous literary works within another literary work.

Metafiction: The act of writing about writing or making readers aware of the fictional nature of the very fiction they're reading.

Temporal Distortion: The use of non-linear timelines and narrative techniques in a story.

Minimalism: The use of characters and events which are decidedly common and non-exceptional characters.

Maximalism: Disorganized, lengthy, highly detailed writing.

Magical Realism: The introduction of impossible or unrealistic events into a narrative that is otherwise realistic.

Faction: The mixing of actual historical events with fictional events without clearly defining what is factual and what is fictional.

Reader Involvement: Often through direct address to the reader and the open acknowledgment of the fictional nature of the events being described.

(Matias)

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Postmodern literature emerged in the 1950s following the conclusion of World War II.

Some further argue that the beginning of postmodern literature could be marked by significant publications or literary events. For example, some mark the beginning of postmodernism with the first publication of John Hawkes' The Cannibal in 1949, the first performance of En attendant Godot in 1953 (Waiting for Godot, 1955), the first publication of Howl in 1956 or of Naked Lunch in 1959.

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·     *    Postmodernism was prevalent from the mid-twentieth century.

Postmodernism deliberately uses a mixture of conventional styles.

Postmodernism was based on an unscientific, irrational thought process, and it rejected logical thinking.

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As in postmodernism, all ideas are new, so sometimes it becomes difficult and confusing to properly understand these terms. Irony, playfulness, black humor.

Postmodern authors were certainly not the first to use irony and humor in their writing, but for many postmodern authors, these became the hallmarks of their style.
PASTICHE:
This means to combine, or "paste" together, multiple elements. In Postmodernist literature, many postmodern authors combined, or “pasted” elements of previous genres and styles of literature to create a new narrative voice, or to comment on the writing of their contemporaries.
INTERTEXTUALITY:
Intertextuality is the shaping of texts' meanings by other texts.
METAFICTION:
It is writing about writing, an attempt to make the reader aware of its ficitionality, and, sometimes, the presence of the author.

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It refers to novels that fictionalize actual historical events and characters.
TEMPORAL DISORTION:
. Temporal distortion in postmodern fiction is used in a variety of ways, often for the sake of irony.
PARANOIA:
It is the belief that there's an ordering system behind the chaos of the world is another recurring postmodern theme.
MAGICAL REALISM:
It is the introduction of fantastic or impossible elements into a narrative that it seems real or normal.

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Born August 24th, 1899 in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Jorge Franciso Isidoro Luis Borges Acevedo was a coveted writer, famed for his short stories, essays, poetry and for his work as a translator. During his writing career, he produced many 20th century classics such as Ficciones (1944) and El Aleph (1949) which contributed to rendering him a lead icon in Latin American literature. Jorge spent his time reimagining theories on reality and fighting for political change, especially during the times of the Falkland War. Despite becoming a hugely influential writer, he infamously did not receive the highly regarded Noble Prize, making him one of the most critically acclaimed writers never to have received the honor.

Borges’s blindness:

So this is what happened.  From early childhood, Borges suffered from terrible myopia and by age 29 developed cataracts.  Treatment was unknown, as it would be another 40 years before Dr. Benjamin‘s birth, and it appeared to be a family curse; his father, grandfather, and great-grandfather all died blind.

Borges received the first of eight eye operations in March of 1928, and went completely blind 25 years later

By this time, the Borges’s vision had deteriorated dramatically, but he could still function.  One eye could see nothing, but he could read and write with the help of his other eye, although he had to hold the page very close to his face.  And there was another incident, already well-known, where Borges smashed his head on a window frame, and then wrote “South” while hovering between life and death in the hospital.  All was not lost.

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"The Other"
A meeting between an older Borges and a younger Borges occurs in Cambridge Massachusetts. Elder Borges concludes that it is a real episode for him, but a dream for the younger. The story is originally written in Spanish but was translated in English in 1977.
"The book of Sands"
about the discovery of a book with infinites pages. This story was made in 1975.
"Ulrikke"
It is notable because it is one of the few of Borges' stories in which women and sex play a central role.
The short story is about a meeting between Ulrica, a Norwegian woman, and a Colombian teacher, Javier Otálora (who tells the story), in York. In this meeting, the couple falls in love with each other.