# data[].attributes.body
RAM-  8 GB

# data[].attributes.body
Tamya West

# data[].attributes.body
desktop systems

# data[].attributes.body
Jaylon
Aqiyla
Leann
Jerome

# data[].attributes.body
Processing Speed
The speed of large computers can be 70-100 mips or more (mips is millions of instructions per second)

Storage
The internal hard drive can hold 500 GB or 1 TB (depending on the model). You can also plug in an external hard drive, with a capacity of 256 GB or more, to increase your storage space.

Portability
The portability of a mainframe is very difficult because mainframes made before the 2000 's would take up an incredible 10,000sq ft.
Modern mainframes are the size of a large refrigerator but still very difficult to move.

# data[].attributes.headline
Good going group 2 . Good job keep shining up the others

# data[].attributes.subject
Good going group 2 . Good job keep shining up the others

# data[].attributes.body
The processing speed of the smaller computers ranges from 3-4 mips. The speed of large computers can be 70-100 mips of more, and supercomputers can process more than 200 mips. In other words, a mainframe computer can process your data a great deal faster than a microcomputer. (Leann)

# data[].attributes.body
A supercomputer is a computer that performs at or near the currently highest operational rate for computers. Traditionally, supercomputers have been used for scientific and engineering applications that must handle very large databases or do a great amount of computation (or both).

# data[].attributes.body
Premium personal computers have a hard drive that is capable of storing on the order of 30 gigabytes of information. In contrast, a supercomputer has a capacity of 200 to 300 gigabytes or more. Another useful comparison between supercomputers and personal computers is in the number of processors in each machine.

# data[].attributes.body
The US Department of Energy on Friday unveiled Summit, a supercomputer capable of performing 200 quadrillion calculations per second, or 200 petaflops. Its performance should put it at the top of the list of the world's fastest supercomputers, which is currently dominated by China.

# data[].attributes.body
Supercomputers
It is the part of a computer that performs calculations, actions, and runs programs. The CPU takes instructional inputs from the computer's RAM, decodes and processes the action, before delivering an output. CPUs are in all sorts of devices ranging from computers and laptops, to smartphones, tablets, and smart TVs.

# data[].attributes.body
Storage

# data[].attributes.body
A Desktop computer is a personal computer that fits on or under a desk. It has a monitor or another display, keyboard, mouse, and either a horizontal or vertical (tower) form factor. Unlike a laptop, which is portable, a desktop computer is meant to stay at one location.

# data[].attributes.body
The role of the mainframe has gradually changed from that of a data processor to that of a server ,with the processing being done on the users PC .It has also been modified to interface to the internet through the addition of TCP/IP protocols ,Unix and JAVA programming ,to enable businesses to connect to their customers over that network.The mainframe has survived the PC revolution and maintained an important function in commercial computing.AQIYLA

# data[].attributes.body
Computer processor speed is the speed of clock which refers to the number of pulses per second (or megahertZ) generated by an oscillator that sets the tempo for the processor. In simple words, Clock speed is the rate at which your computer or CPU executes the task and measured in gigahertz.

Computer’s overall performance is depended on processor speed. Your computer will be much faster and more powerful when it is capable of executing more work every second or in lesser time.

I know I took more time to answer your question but this information really matters to understand how processor speed matters to function computer.

Average Desktop Processor speed is 1.5 to 2.5 GHz

# data[].attributes.body
CENTRAL PROCESSING/ SECONDARY STORAGE (FUNCTIONS)

# data[].attributes.body
A Portable computer is a computer that comes with a keyboard and display and one which can be easily relocated or transported, although less convenient compared to a notebook.
They have lower specifications and are not well suited for full-time usage as they are less ergonomic. However, they take less space than desktop computers and come with most features found on a desktop.

# data[].attributes.body
The function of secondary storage is the long-term retention of data in a computer system .Unlike primary storage or what we refer to as memory ,secondary storage is non-volatile and not cleared when the computer is powered of and back on Primary storage is faster but does not store data persistently,instead loading data from slow secondary storage into primary in order to make efficient use of it.Unlike primary storage ,secondary storage does not directly access the computers CPU

# data[].attributes.headline
Functions of a Flash Drive and a Memory Card

# data[].attributes.subject
Functions of a Flash Drive and a Memory Card

# data[].attributes.body
USB Flash Drives
USB Flash Drives (Thumb Drives, Pen Drives, Tokens) have Become popular for Storing data due to their Size and Portability. USB drives are Faster than a Floppy Disk and it comes in Various Shapes and Styles. A flash drive using the USB 2.0 standard has a transfer rate of 480 millions of bits per second or Megabits per second (Mbps).

Flash Memory Cards
This type of miniature storage media is commonly used on Digital Cameras, Music Players, Photo Printers and Cell Phones. They come in different sizes and are very small and portable. They also come in different types to be used in Different Devices, such as compact flash memory cards (CF) Cards, Secure Digital (SD) Cards, mini SD Cards, Micro SD Cards, Memory Sticks, Multimedia Cards and xD Picture Cards.
(Done by Jaylon.)

# data[].attributes.body
What are the three basic functions of a CPU?

1. Recieve Input.

2. Process the Data.

3. Produce Output.

CPU | Central Processing Unit, or the heart and brains of the computer.The CPU is the device that controls all of the operations.
.
| ALU | Arithmetical Logical Unit, responsible for all mathematical and logical operations.The ALU adds the binary numbers and returns the answer to the CPU, which transfers the answer to an output device.

Detailed information on the Functions of a CPU

Fetch: Each instruction is stored in memory and has its own address. The processor takes this address number from the program counter, which is responsible for tracking which instructions the CPU should execute next.

Decode: All programs to be executed are translated to into Assembly instructions. Assembly code must be decoded into binary instructions, which are understandable to your CPU. This step is called decoding.

Execute: While executing instructions the CPU can do one of three things: Do calculations with its ALU, move data from one memory location to another, or jump to a different address.

Store: The CPU must give feedback after executing an instruction, and the output data is written to the memory.

Done By : Jerome Sohan

https://turbofuture.com

# data[].attributes.body
Short for digital versatile disc or digital video disc, a DVD or DVD-ROM is a disc capable of storing a significant amount more data than a standard compact disc. DVDs are widely used for storing and viewing movies and other data.

DVDs have differing capacities:

· One of the most common DVDs is the single-sided, single-layer disc, capable of holding 4.7 GB.

· The single-sided, double-layer disc is capable of holding between 8.5-8.7 GB.

· The double-sided, single-layer disc is capable of holding 9.4 GB.

· Although rare, the double-sided, double-layer disc is capable of holding up to 17.08 GB.

# data[].attributes.body
Blu-ray is an optical disc format such as CD and DVD. It was developed for recording and playing back high-definition (HD) video and for storing large amounts of data. While a CD can hold 700 MB of data and a basic DVD can hold 4.7 GB of data, a single Blu-ray disc can hold up to 25 GB of data. Even a double sided, dual layer DVD (which are not common) can only hold 17 GB of data. Dual-layer Blu-ray discs will be able to store 50 GB of data. That is equivalent to 4 hours of HDTV.
Blu-ray discs can hold more information than other optical media because of the blue lasers the drives use. The laser is actually blue-violet, but "Blu-ray" rolls off the tongue a little easier than "Blu-violet-ray." The blue-violet laser has a shorter wavelength than the red lasers used for CDs and DVDs (405nm compared to 650nm). This allows the laser to focus on a smaller area, which makes it possible to cram significantly more data on a disc the same size as a CD or DVD.

# data[].attributes.body
CD is short for compact disc.compact discs are used to store data so that may be retrieved or deleted at a later date. CDs can store software programs so that you may load them onto your computer. They save files for backup or transfer to another computer, as well as hold music to play in a CD player.
The standard CD is capable of holding 72 minutes of music or 650 MB of data. An 80 minute CD is capable of holding 700 MB of data.

# data[].attributes.body
Primary memory is computer memory that a processor or computer accesses first or directly. It allows a processor to access running execution applications and services that are temporarily stored in a specific memory location. Primary memory is also known as primary storage or main memory
ref: https://www.techopedia.com/definition/1104/primary-memory
(by kiron)

# data[].attributes.body
This is short for 'Random access memory' this type of memory can be accessed randomly which makes it possible to find information very quickly.Ram can be found in servers, PCs, tablets, smartphones and other devices, such as printers.

ref:https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/R/RAM.html

-kiron

# data[].attributes.body
Read-only memory (or simply ROM) is a type of computer memory. Unlike RAM, it keeps its contents even when the computer or device is turned off. ... ROM is used for the BIOS which tells the computer how to start, or important programs like the firmware of certain devices, which usually does not need to be modified.

ref:https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Read-only_memory

-kiron

# data[].attributes.body
The term "input device" merely refers to the instrument or hardware used to communicate with the computer. In effect, it refers to whatever device is used to put information into the computer's hard drive, and includes the keyboard, mouse, trackball, scanner, microphone, and any other means of transmitting information or data to one's computer.

In short, the "input device" is that part of the computer hardware used to transmit data to the hard drive; the "output device" is that part of the hardware used to view or access the information stored on or streamed through the computer.

The function of an input device is to communicate information to a computer or other sort of information processing equipment. Input devices are types of peripheral devices that communicate with processing units.
Ref: https://www.enotes.com › homework-help › what-function-an-input-device-...

# data[].attributes.body
Output devices relay the response from the computer in the form of a visual response (monitor), sound (speakers) or media devices (CD or DVD drives). The purpose of these devices is to translate the machine's response to a usable form for the computer user.

https://www.techwalla.com/articles/what-are-the-functions-of-output-devices-on-a-computer

# data[].attributes.body
Cloud storage is a cloud computing model in which data is stored on remote servers accessed from the internet, or "cloud." It is maintained, operated and managed by a cloud storage service provider on a storage servers that are built on virtualization techniques.

https://www.techopedia.com/definition/26535/cloud-storage

# data[].attributes.body
A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive or fixed disk is a data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic material.

# data[].attributes.body
A hard drive or solid state drive directly attached to the device being referenced. The term would be used to contrast the storage in that unit from the storage on servers in the local network or on the Internet (see SAN, NAS and cloud storage).

https://www.yourdictionary.com/local-storage

# data[].attributes.body
Magnetic tape is a long and narrow strip of plastic that thin magnetic material is coated on. Nearly all recording tape is of this type, whether used for recording audio or video or computer data storage. Magnetic tape recording uses magnetic tape which moves on a recording head.

# data[].attributes.body
The term "cloud" comes from early network diagrams, in which the image of a cloud was used to indicate a large network, such as a WAN. The cloud eventually became associated with the entire Internet, and the two terms are now used synonymously. The cloud may also be used to describe specific online services, which are collectively labeled cloud computing.

Examples of popular cloud-based services include web applications, SaaS and online backup.

Definition of Local Storage
A hard drive or solid state drive directly attached to the device being referenced. The term would be used to contrast the storage in that unit from the storage on servers in the local network or on the InternetThe term "cloud" comes from early network diagrams, in which the image of a cloud was used to indicate a large network, such as a WAN. The cloud eventually became associated with the entire Internet, and the two terms are now used synonymously. The cloud may also be used to describe specific online services, which are collectively labeled cloud computing.

Examples of popular cloud-based services include web applications, SaaS and online backup.

Definition of Local Storage
A hard drive or solid state drive directly attached to the device being referenced. The term would be used to contrast the storage in that unit from the storage on servers in the local network or on the Internet

# data[].attributes.body
Cloud storage is the stashing of data on hardware in a remote physical location, which can be accessed from any device via the internet. Clients send files to a data server maintained by a cloud provider instead of (or as well as) storing it on their own hard drives.

ref:  https://www.howitworksdaily.com/cloud-storage-what-is-it-and-how-does-it-work/
-kiron

# data[].attributes.body
LocalStorage is a type of web storage that allows Javascript websites and apps to store and access data right in the browser with no expiration date. This means the data stored in the browser will persist even after the browser window has been closed.

# data[].attributes.headline
Security issues which are related to cloud storage and local storage☁

# data[].attributes.subject
Security issues which are related to cloud storage and local storage☁

# data[].attributes.body
When cloud computing first became popular, Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks against cloud platforms were largely unthinkable; the sheer amount of resources cloud computing services had made DDoS attacks extremely difficult to initiate. But with as many Internet of Things devices, smartphones, and other computing systems as there are available now, DDoS attacks have greatly increased in viability. If enough traffic is initiated to a cloud computing system, it can either go down entirely or experience difficulties.

2. Shared Cloud Computing Services

Not all cloud hosting solutions and cloud computing services are made equal. Many cloud solutions do not provide the necessary security between clients, leading to shared resources, applications, and systems. In this situation, threats can originate from other clients with the cloud computing service, and threats targeting one client could also have an impact on other clients.

3. Employee Negligence

Employee negligence and employee mistakes remain one of the biggest security issues for all systems, but the threat is particularly dangerous with cloud solutions. Modern employees may log into cloud solutions from their mobile phones, home tablets, and home desktop PCs, potentially leaving the system vulnerable to many outside threats.

4. Data Loss and Inadequate Data Backups

Inadequate data backups and improper data syncing is what has made many businesses vulnerable to ransomware, a specific type of cloud security threat. Ransomware "locks" away a company's data in encrypted files, only allowing them to access the data once a ransom has been paid. With appropriate data backup solutions, companies need no longer fall prey to these threats.

5. Phishing and Social Engineering Attacks

Due to the openness of a cloud computing system, phishing and social engineering attacks have become particularly common. Once login information or other confidential information is acquired, a malicious user can potentially break into a system with ease -- as the system itself is available from anywhere. Employees must be knowledgeable about phishing and social engineering enough to avoid these types of attackS.

6. System Vulnerabilities

Cloud computing systems can still contain system vulnerabilities, especially in networks that have complex infrastructures and multiple third-party platforms. Once a vulnerability becomes known with a popular third-party system, this vulnerability can be easily used against organizations. Proper patching and upgrade protocols -- in addition to network monitoring solutions -- are critical for fighting this threat.

Cloud computing security issues are not insurmountable; in fact, many of the risks above can be protected against through the use of a dedicated data protection service. Cloud data protection solutions will both protect data from loss and against cyber security threats, allowing businesses to leverage the power of the cloud without the association

https://www.cwps.com/blog/cloud-computing-security-issues

# data[].attributes.body
Here's the deal: most of the bad things about local storage aren't all that important. You can still get away with using it but you'll just have a slightly slower app and minor developer annoyance. But security is different. The security model of local storage IS really important to know and understand since it will dramatically affect your website in ways you may not realize.

And the thing about local storage is that it is not secure! Not at all! Everyone who uses local storage to store sensitive information such as session data, user details, credit card info (even temporarily!) and anything else you wouldn't want publicly posted to Facebook is doing it wrong.

Local storage wasn't designed to be used as a secure storage mechanism in a browser. It was designed to be a simple string only key/value store that developers could use to build slightly more complex single page apps. That's it.

What's the most dangerous thing in the entire world? That's right! JavaScript.

Think about it like this: when you store sensitive information in local storage, you're essentially using the most dangerous thing in the world to store your most sensitive information in the worst vault ever created: not the best idea.

What the problem really boils down to is cross-site scripting attacks (XSS). I won't bore you with a full explanation of XSS, but here's the high level:

If an attacker can run JavaScript on your website, they can retrieve all the data you've stored in local storage and send it off to their own domain. This means anything sensitive you've got in local storage (like a user's session data) can be compromised.

https://dev.to/rdegges/please-stop-using-local-storage-1i04

# data[].attributes.body
Cloud storage is storage that is accessible via the Internet usually from a device like a laptop but it could even be from an iPhone. As with most "cloud" related technologies

Capacity of Cloud Storage
The capacity of cloud storage varies on what membership you have. If you have a full Adobe Creative Cloud membership or a single app membership, you have 100 GB of storage. If you have a Creative Cloud Photography membership, you have 20 GB of storage. If you have a trial product or a free membership, you have 2 GB of storage. The maximum cloud storage you can have is 10TB.

Capacity of Local Storage
The capacity of local storage varies the most common capacity does be 500GBS or 1TB but some people prefer to have a 2TB drive.

Security issues related to local and cloud storage.
Hardware Failure
Malware
Data Loss

# data[].attributes.body
Online data storage provides a far higher level of security, especially for smaller organizations who cannot afford the prohibitive cost of maintaining their own data center. Even if you store the data in your data center, the threat of losing your business data owing to some unforeseen event or calamity is ever present. Cloud storage eliminates this possibility as there is no single point of failure in the cloud because your data is backed up to multiple servers, so if one server crashes, your data is safe because it is stored in other locations.

https://www.go4hosting.in/blog/cloud-storage/cloud-storage-offers-better-security-and-accessibility

# data[].attributes.headline
Security issues related to cloud storage and local storage

# data[].attributes.subject
Security issues related to cloud storage and local storage

# data[].attributes.body
Here are six of the most common cloud computing security risks:

Distributed-Denial-of-Service Attacks. ...

Shared Cloud Computing Services. ...

Employee Negligence. ...

Data Loss and Inadequate Data Backups. ...

Phishing and Social Engineering Attacks. ...

System Vulnerabilities.

local storage
Local storage wasn't designed to be used as a secure storage mechanism in a browser. It was designed to be a simple string only key/value store that developers could use to build slightly more complex single page apps.

https://www.cwps.com/blog/cloud-computing-security-issues

# data[].attributes.body
Cloud services and cloud storage providers offer valuable services and IT solutions to  businesses of all types and sizes.  From storage to software installation to security, cloud services are taking the web hosting world by a storm.  Modern organizations operating in a highly complex and dynamic business environment can immensely benefit from comprehensive cloud services.

From the flexibility they get of accessing their data anytime and from anywhere to increased cooperation and productivity, not to mention additional security, cloud storage offers a host of distinct advantages.

In the following paragraphs we shall look at different important features and benefits offered by cloud storage that makes such an attractive option for storing digital data.
https://www.go4hosting.in/blog/cloud-storage/cloud-storage-offers-better-security-and-accessibility

# data[].attributes.body
cloud

1024 Petabytes of data

1,073,741,824 Gigabytes of data

quintillion bytes of data

local storage
Local storage provides at least 5MB of data storage across all major web browsers, which is a heck of a lot more than the 4KB (maximum size) that you can store in a cookie
https://dev.to/rdegges/please-stop-using-local-storage-1i04

# data[].attributes.body
Cloud storage is a service model in which data is managed ,maintained,back up remotely and made available to users over a network (typically the internet)