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- White Leg Shrimp/ Shrimps are tiny which is a positive because with the shrimp being so small many animals can not see the shrimp with gives them a better chance at survival. The White Leg Shrimp is stabilizing selection.

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- American Lobster/ On the back of a Lobster there is a large cephalothorax which protects and helps the Lobster when there is something attacking it. The American Lobster is disruptive selection.

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It is illegal to release American lobsters into Swedish waters. Because the selling of live specimens is made directly to the general public, it is impossible to monitor the ban.

How the American Lobster Spreads in Sweden

The American lobster can either be deliberately released or escape from its storage cage in the water. Specimens that are caught in Norwegian and Swedish waters sometimes still have the North American exporter's rubber bands around their claws. A natural immigration from North America is an entirely excluded option.

The American lobster can be found at the same depths as its European counterpart, down to about 50 meters, but it can also subsist over 200 meters below the surface. At such depths, it can escape fishing pots and grow its population. If this occurs, the species' introduction into Swedish waters is unavoidable. Acting quickly to its discovery is therefore important.

Diseases and Parasites

The North American lobster fishery has locally been severely affected by the outbreak of diseases. Strains with a high mortality rate, such as the bacterial disease Gaffkaemia, occur in tanks where lobsters have been stored for export.

In the ocean, the epizootic shell disease is complex and causes major defects on the lobster's shell. This in turn makes them unmarketable and can mean great loses for the fishing industry. The disease can even lead to the specimen's death.

The species carries many other diseases but the scientific knowledge behind them is still low. They carry parasites that can cause harm, for example by eating up the lobster's eggs. Such parasites can even spread to crabs. As of present, these parasites have not been found in Swedish waters.

A Direct Effect to the European Lobster

It is still fully unknown as to how the American and European lobsters affect each other. A female American lobster in the wild was found to have been fertilized by a male European specimen in Norwegian waters, and American lobsters with the epizootic shell disease have been discovered in the Norwegian area of the Skagerrak.

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The American lobster is considered an alien species in Swedish waters. Its presence can introduce new and very serious diseases and parasites that affect both our domestic European lobster and other shellfish. The Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management supports the efforts to stop the import of living American lobsters.

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- Chesapeake Blue Crab/ Almost all crabs have Decapod meaning they have ten legs which helps them stay balanced and crawl faster. It also helps to check their prey. The Chesapeake Blue Crab is directional selection.

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Protein synthesis is the process of creating new proteins by using DNA and RNA. Transcribing and translating them to new DNA sequences. The amount of chromosomes can be anywhere from one hundred or lower. It all depends on the type of organism. This shows a big difference between all of the organisms in the Subphylum Crustacea group.

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A chromosomal comparison between the American Lobster and the Chesapeake Blue Crab is they both have crawls to help hem survive. The American Lobster crawl and the Chesapeake Blue Crab crawl are assets to help capture prey.

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The Phylogenetic tree shows that there are 5 classes of Subphylum Crustaceans.

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subphylum crustacea phylogenetic tree - Google Search

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- Geographic isolation can occur when a barrier separated the species. That can affect reproduction.
Ex.
- Reproductive isolation can occur when the same species are separated and that can affect the reproduction amount of that species.
Ex.

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- Immigration impacts genetic mutation because if there are species that prey on the subphylum crustacea they could all be eaten. The population could be over crowded and the competition will increase.

- Emigration impacts genetic mutation because if there are species that the subphylum crustacea prey on and they leave the subphylum crustacea could die off of starvation.

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-Chesapeake Blue Crab/ length 8 to 5 inches.
-White Leg Shrimp/ 3 to 3.5 inches
-American Lobster/ 25 centimeters

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- The female Lobster looks for the dominant or best  male Lobster in the environment. Lobsters can reproduce in caves for protection. Two males fight over the female and who ever wins the fight has to protected the female and gets to reproduce with her.

- Crabs mostly reproduce in the spring. Crabs typically attract one another using pheromones. The male will guard the female for a few days but the leave and go find a new female.

- The female Shrimp looks for a dominant male shrimp to reproduce with. After the male will leave the female shrimp and go find a new female to mate with. Shrimp usually reproduce in the summer.

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common name
Macrocheira / Kaempferi / Palaemontes
Kingdom
Animalia / Animalia / Animalia
Phylum
Arthropod / Arthropod/ Arthropod
Class
Malacostraca/ Malacostraca/ Malacostraca
Order
Decapoda/ Decapoda/ Decapoda
Family
Inachidae/ Nephrophidae/ Palaemonidae
Genus
Macrocheira / Homarus/ Palemontes
Species
Kampfieri / Gammarus/ Palaemontes Varia

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The Subphylum Crustacea group has evolved a lot over time. It has been determined that in the Subphylum Crustacea group there is a vary of different chromosome numbers within the organisms. This can prove that the organisms had to split meaning there was Reproductive Isolation. The organisms still share a lot of the same characteristics but have slowly diverged into gaining new evolutionary traits that are different from other.

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- Crabs live in freshwater and if the water gets polluted the crabs will have to move environments or they will die off.
- If an animal has to move environments they will find more of their species and the reproduction will increase.

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The Subphylum Crustacea is a divergent