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Hematology is the the study of blood in health and disease - it examines...

red blood cells

white blood cells

platelets

blood vessels

bone marrow

lymph nodes

spleen

proteins in bleeding and clotting (hemostasis and thrombosis)

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1. Anticoagulant Drugs

An anticoagulant drug is a type of antithrombotic drug

Antithrombotic therapy: drugs used to treat thrombosis, the result of a blood clot called thrombus that is serious (can lead to death) if not treated

Heparin ( 1916) and Dicumerol (1939) have both “been used to prevent blood clots since 1940”

1970s: Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH): has a more “predictable coagulant response”

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My sister was diagnosed with anemia (result of an iron deficiency) She was then prescribed iron supplements which improved her condition (she would pass out and reported to feel weak and cold prior to the supplements)

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1. Sickle Cell

The disease was first made known in the 1900s

The Prophylactic Penicillin Study (PROPS)- using penicillin to prevent death in patients with sickle cell

Hydroxyurea: therapy used to promote the production of fetal hemoglobin (hemoglobin F)

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1. Thalassemia

“Mediterranean anemia”

1946: cause described as “abnormal hemoglobin structure… body destroys red blood cells, causing anemia.”

1960s: doctors begin doing blood transfusions which boosted survival rate

a) Blood transfusions

Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) used to identify “viruses in the donor’s blood to determine infection risk”

Viruses include, but are not limited to, Hepatitis B and C,  HIV, and West Nile Virus

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1. Antiplatelet Therapy

1960s: aspirin discovered as the “first effective antiplatelet drug”

Monoclonal antibody to platelet GP IIb/IIIa approved in 1994 to be used in coronary angioplasty

In 1998, ADP receptor antagonists discovered as effective antiplatelet agents in the prevention of coronary stent thrombosis