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FUNCTION

Lipids are used as long term energy storage molecules because of  the amount of bonds found in a chain

They are also used to form protective layers and are used to insulate the body and cushion vital organs

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STRUCTURE

Carbohydrates are polymers
They are composed of monomers, more specifically monosaccharides, these join together to form a polysaccharide chain, which is a carbohydrate
The bond that joins them together is called a Glycosidic bond
Carbohydrates are composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio
They are arranged in a linear structure but can also be arranged in a ring structure such as Glucose
They usually contain Hydroxyl & Carboxyl functional groups that make them polar
They are sometimes branches

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FUNCTION

They are used as an energy storage molecule.

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STRUCTURE

Proteins are polymers
They are made of monomers, specifically mono-peptides, these join together to form a polypeptide chain, which is a protein.
They are joined together by peptide bonds
They have 4 structures;

Primary: This is simply a chain of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds
Secondary: This is when the primary structure folds into either an Alpha helix or Beta plated sheet
Tertiary: This is when the secondary structure folds further into a globular shape, here many bonds are formed such as Di-Sulphide bridges & covalent bonds
Quaternary: This is when 2 or more globular proteins join together

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FUNCTION

Proteins are used for:

Structural support:  such as hair and nails, the main protein that gives hair and nails their strength is Keratin

Transport: such as the transport proteins found in the cell membrane

Catalyse Chemical reactions: enzymes are made of proteins

Defence against disease: antibodies are made of proteins

Communication between cells: hormones are made of proteins

They are also what makes up muscle tissue

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STRUCTURE
Lipids are made of triglycerides, which are composed of 3 fatty acid tails joined covalently to a glycerol backbone.

Phospholipids are composed of 2 fatty acid tails and one phosphate group