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1)In 1534, France’s King Francis I authorized the navigator Jacques Cartier (1491-1557) to lead a voyage to the New World in order to seek gold and other riches, as well as a new route to Asia.
2)Born in Saint-Malo, France, Cartier began sailing as a young man. He gained a reputation as a skilled navigator prior to making his three famous voyages to North America.
3)Cartier was believed to have traveled to Brazil and Newfoundland before 1534.

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1)Henry Hudson made his first voyage west from England in 1607,
2)After twice being turned back by ice, Hudson embarked on a third voyage–this time on behalf of the Dutch East India Company–in 1609.
3) Hudson’s ships sailed up a great river (which would later bear his name) but turned back when they determined it was not the channel they sought.

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1)may have developed the idea of sailing westward to reach the riches of Asia while working for a Venetian merchant.
2)By the late 1490s, he was living in England, and gained a commission from King Henry VII to make an expedition across the northern Atlantic.
3)He sailed from Bristol in May 1497 and made landfall in late June.

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1)earned a reputation for his privateering, or piracy, against Spanish ships and possessions
2)Sent by Queen Elizabeth II to South America in 1577, he returned home via the Pacific and became the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe; the queen rewarded him with a knighthood.
3)In 1588, Drake served as second-in-command during the English victory over the Spanish Armada.

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1)a Spanish Conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire and brought large portions of what is now mainland Mexico under the rule of the King of Castile in the early 16th century.
2)
Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers who began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas3)

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1)helped establish the first stable settlement on the South American continent at Darién, on the coast of the Isthmus of Panama.
2)In 1513, while leading an expedition in search of gold, he sighted the Pacific Ocean.
3)he joined a Spanish expedition that explored the coast of present-day Colombia, then returned to the island of Hispaniola (present-day Haiti and the Dominican Republic) and sought to make his living as a farmer.

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1)hristopher Columbus made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain: in 1492, 1493, 1498 and 1502.
2)He was determined to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia,
3)he accidentally stumbled upon the Americas.

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1)He was the illegitimate son of infantry colonel Gonzalo Pizarro (1446–1522) and Francisca González, a woman of poor means.
2)On 10 November 1509, Pizarro sailed from Spain to the New World with Alonso de Ojeda on an expedition to Urabá.
3)He sailed to Cartagena and joined the fleet of Martín Fernández de Enciso and, in 1513, accompanied Balboa in his crossing of the Isthmus of Panama to the Pacific.

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1)set out from Spain in 1519 with a fleet of five ships to discover a western sea route to the Spice Islands.
2)he discovered what is now known as the Strait of Magellan and became the first European to cross the Pacific Ocean.
3)In 1505, Magellan and his brother were assigned to a Portuguese fleet headed for India.

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1)sailing up the coast of east Africa, took on an Arab navigator who helped them reach the Indian coast, at Calicut (now Kozhikode) in May 1498
2)Da Gama was a Portuguese explorer and navigator, and the first person to sail directly from Europe to India.
3)Setting off in July 1497, da Gama's expedition took advantage of the prevailing winds by sailing south down the coast of Africa, then veering far out into the Atlantic and swinging back in an arc

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1)a Chinese mariner, explorer, diplomat, fleet admiral, and court eunuch during China's early Ming dynasty.
2)He went on seven major expeditions to explore the world for the Chinese
3)establish Chinese trade in new areas. When Zheng He was born his given name was Ma He.

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1)https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/bartolomeu-dias
2) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zheng_He
3)https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1CAACBA_enUS815&ei=EFalW8r0OeeT0PEP4a66yAc&q=wht+did+Zheng_He+do&oq=wht+did+Zheng_He+do&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i22i30.6258.7209..7458...0.0..1.262.460.1j1j1......0....1..gws-wiz.......0i13j0i13i30.KMyBwSNJKc4&safe=active&ssui=on
4)http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/da_gama_vasco.shtml
5)https://www.google.com/search?q=ferdinand+magellan&rlz=1CAACBA_enUS815&oq=Ferdinand+Magellan&aqs=chrome.0.0l6.789j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8&safe=active&ssui=on
6)https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/ferdinand-magellan
7)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Pizarro
8)https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/christopher-columbus
9)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s
10)https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/francis-drake
11)https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/john-cabot

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1)the first European mariner to round the southern tip of Africa
2)n early January 1488, as Dias’ two ships sailed off the coast of South Africa
3)Dias is thought to have ordered a turn to the south of about 28 degrees, probably because he had prior knowledge of southeasterly winds that would take him around the tip of Africa and keep his ships from being dashed on the notoriously rocky shoreline