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NURSARAHAIN MAIDIN
HM242 4A2

2017803738

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2017803814
HM2424A1

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HM 242 4A2
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15 May 2018 - HM2424A2 NURSARAHAIN Law Padlet.docx

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2017803854
HM242 4A1

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Nor Fashalna Binti Mohammed Azmi (2017803852)

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Nor Fashalna Binti Mohammed Azmi (2017803852)

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HM242 4A1

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Past Year Question - Tort of negligence.docx

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2017803932

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TORT OF NEGLIGENCE : JULY 2017

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2017803858
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TORT OF NEGLIGENCE JULY 2017

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HM242 4A1
TORT OF NEGLIGENCE ( JULY 2017

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2017803932
HM242 4A
TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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2017803864
HM242 4A
TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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2017803862
HM 242 4A2
DEC 2016

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2017803928
HM 242 4A2

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Law 438 Past year question Jun 2016.docx

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TENGKU NUR HANIS BINTI TENGKU MOHD AFFANDI

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TENGKU NUR HANIS BINTI TENGKU MOHD AFFANDI

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2017803898 HM242 4 A2

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207803826
HM242 4AI

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2017283026
HM 242 4A

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2017803842
HM 242 4A I
TORT IF NE

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2017530215
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TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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MUHAMMAD SYAKIR NABIL BIN MOHAMAD SHAHRIL

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MUHAMMAD SYAKIR NABIL BIN MOHAMAD SHAHRIL

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2017736057
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TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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HM241-3B
TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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NOOR AMIRAH BINTI AZMAN TUTORIAL 15 MAY.pdf

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TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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2017751097 HM241 3B
TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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2017199691
HM 241 3B
TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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2017952843
HM2413B
TORT OF NEGLIGENCE

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2017803908
HM242 4A1

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2017111227
HM2413B

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HM241 3B
Tort of Negligence

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NUR AQILAH BT YACOB HASSAN
2017388219
HM241 3B

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LAW TUTORIAL (TORT OF NEGLIGENCE-DECEMBER 2016).pdf

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2017524145

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NORZULAIKHA BINTI ZAMAN HURI (2017579423)

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NORZULAIKHA BINTI ZAMAN HURI (2017579423)

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(2017194163)

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WAN IMANI NADIAH BINTI WAN MOHAMAD LOTFI (2017502101) HM241 3B

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WAN IMANI NADIAH BINTI WAN MOHAMAD LOTFI (2017502101) HM241 3B

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FAZREEN AZIM BINTI MOHD HARIS FADZILAH -2017803918-HM242 4

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SITI NUR AMERA BINTI MOHAMED GHAZALI (2017803924) HM2424A

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NURUL AINA BT MOHAMAD ANUAR (2017343271)

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NURUL AINA BT MOHAMAD ANUAR (2017343271)

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HM241 3B
(TUTORIAL TORT OF NEGLIGENCE)

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NUR SABRINA BINTI ABDUL RAZAK  (2017803934) HM2424A1

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NUR SABRINA BINTI ABDUL RAZAK  (2017803934) HM2424A1

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AFIFAH BT MIOR KAMARULBAID ( 2017739603)

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AFIFAH BT MIOR KAMARULBAID ( 2017739603)

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NURUL SYAHIRAH BINTI MOHD PAKRI // HM2424A // 2017803938

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NURUL SYAHIRAH BINTI MOHD PAKRI // HM2424A // 2017803938

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TUTORIAL LAW OF TORT

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ANIS NABILA BINTI ZAINUDIN  ( 2017763873)

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ANIS NABILA BINTI ZAINUDIN  ( 2017763873)

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SHARIFAH NUR SYAZANA BT SYED ADLAN ( 2017566803

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SHARIFAH NUR SYAZANA BT SYED ADLAN ( 2017566803

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2017803832
HM242 4A1

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MOHD AMIRUL BIN ABDUL JALIL  ( TUTORIAL TORT OF NEGLIGENCE )

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MOHD AMIRUL BIN ABDUL JALIL  ( TUTORIAL TORT OF NEGLIGENCE )

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2017329553
HM2413B

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2017803928 HM 242 4A2

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2017803834 HM242 4A1

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NOR ZAHIDAH BINTI MAWARDI (2017781325)    HM 241 3B

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NOR ZAHIDAH BINTI MAWARDI (2017781325)    HM 241 3B

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(2017803858) HM242 4A1

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NUR AMALINA KAMAL (2017524145)

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MUHAMMAD SYAHIRAN BIN NOR AZMI (2017803862/HM242A2

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MUHAMMAD SYAHIRAN BIN NOR AZMI (2017803862/HM242A2

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2017193257 HM241-3B

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MUHAMAD FAZLY AZNAN BIN FAIZUL AINOL (2017578513) HM 241 3B

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MUHAMAD FAZLY AZNAN BIN FAIZUL AINOL (2017578513) HM 241 3B

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TENGKU NUR HANIS BINTI TENGKU MOHD AFFAND

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TENGKU NUR HANIS BINTI TENGKU MOHD AFFAND

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2017803898
HM 242 4 A2

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Nor Fashalna Binti Mohammed Azmi (201783852) HM242 4A1

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Nor Fashalna Binti Mohammed Azmi (201783852) HM242 4A1

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2017803832 // HM 242 4A1

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NURUL SYAFIEQAH BINTI AHMAD 2017923117 (HM241 3B)

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NURUL SYAFIEQAH BINTI AHMAD 2017923117 (HM241 3B)

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MUHAMMAD SYAKIR NABIL BIN MOHAMAD SHAHRIL 2017736057 HM241 3B

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MUHAMMAD SYAKIR NABIL BIN MOHAMAD SHAHRIL 2017736057 HM241 3B

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2017556229 (HM2413B

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NUR ALIEAH AFIQAH BT MOHD NOOR  2017194163 HM 2413B

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NUR ALIEAH AFIQAH BT MOHD NOOR  2017194163 HM 2413B

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Q : Harris lost his camera recently, he advertised in the Mempelam Daily, a local newspaper. Reward of RM500 to anyone who can find and return the camera to him. Govinda, his neighbour found the camera. He know that the camera belonged to Harris. So he returned it to him. Govinda only knew of the reward the next day. After reading that advertisement Govinda wishes to claim the RM500 from Harris.

The issue is whether an offer to Govinda is valid or not.

Proposal can be made to general public. If it is made to the general public, then anyone who meets all the term of the proposal may accept. An offer is a promise by one person to another person with the intention to create legally binding relationship. According to Section 2(a) when one person signifies to another his willingness to do or abstain from doing anything he is said to make a proposal. According to Section 2(c) call the person accepting the proposal the promisee. According to Section 3 of the Contract Act provides that went the communication of the acceptance is deemed to be made by any act or omission of the party accepting, by which he intend to communicate the acceptance and which has the effect of communicating it. According to Section 4(1) stated a communication of a proposal is only complete when it comes to the knowledge of the person to whom it is made (
offeree)

Based on the case R v. Clarke, the Western Australian Government offered a reward for information leading to the arrest and conviction of person responsible for the murder of two police officer. X and Clarke were arrested and charged with murders but shortly after, Clarke give information, which lead to the arrest of another person, while X and Y were later convicted for the offence and Clarke who did not commit the murders claimed the reward. It is held that the court refuse to grant his claim. It failed on the ground that the information was given to clear himself from the murder charge and not in reliance on the offer of reward.

For the application in this case, Harris makes an offer to the public said that his going to give a reward of RM500 to anyone who can find and return the camera to him. Without knowing about advertisement made by Harris, Govinda found and return the camera to Harris. On the next day, Govindaonly knew of the reward after reading the advertisement and he wish to claim the reward from Harris. Unfortunately, Govinda can no longer claim the reward as stated in the Section 4(1) which communication of a proposal is only complete when it comes to the knowledge of the person to whom it is made.

In conclusion, it is advisable for Govinda to not make the claim as the offer is not valid anymore.

Q : Tham and his wife, Bee Ling, when for a vacation in Vietnam for 2weeks. At the end of the holiday, Tham returned to Malaysia alone as Bee Ling had been hospitalized due to H1N1 influenza. Before returning home, Tham promised to pay billing a monthly allowance of RM1000 which he never fulfilled. Bee Ling claimed that there was a breach of contract by Tham. Tham argued that he had no intention to create legal relation with Bee Ling. Advice Bee Ling.

​The issue is whether there is a valid contract between Tham and Bee Ling.

​Intention to create legal relations is a law that requires the party to an argument prove that they intend to have the agreement legally enforced. In other words, they must prove that there is an intention to create legal relations such intention may be either express or implied from the circumstances. Although the element of intention is not mentioned under the Contracts Acts for a valid contract, nevertheless it is an essential element of a contract. Since the Act is silent on the issue, it appears that English Common Law principles will apply. Under the Common Law principles, in order for the court to ascertain whether there is an intention to create legal relations or not between the parties to an agreement, it is classified into Social, Domestic or Family Agreements. There is a presumption that the parties do not intend to have any legal relations, unless the parties specify otherwise.

​Based on the case Balfour v. Balfour, the defendant was a civil servant stationed in Ceylon. While on leave in England, he had promised to pay his wife a monthly allowance as maintenance. His wife was unable to accompany him on account of poor health. However, he did not pay the maintenance and his wife sued for breach of contract. The court held that it was not a legally enforceable agreement because the parties did not intend that they should be attended by legal consequences. However, the presumption is rebuttable if one can prove there’s intention to create legal relation.

​ application of this case, Tham have made a promises to his wife to pay billing a monthly allowance of RM1000 which he never fulfilled. Bee Ling claimed that there was a breach of contract by Tham. Unfortunately, Thamargued that he had no intention to create legal relation with Bee Ling. As stated in the law, the intention to create legal relations requires the party to an argument prove that they intend to have the agreement legally enforced. Hence, Bee Ling could not claimed that there is a breach of contract by Tham.

​In conclusion, it is advisable for Bee Ling to make the claimed that there was a breach of contract by Tham as there is no intention to create legal relation.

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2017347287 (HM241 3B)

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HM242 4A (2017803864

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NUR AQILAH BT YACOB HASSAN 2017388219
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ABDUL MUIZ BIN MOHD RAZALI
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