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a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) that varies with their respective income or profits (taxable income).

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The Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits the states and the federal government from denying the right to vote to citizens of the United States on the basis of sex. It was adopted on August 18, 1920.

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a nationwide constitutional ban on the production, importation, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages from 1920 to 1933.

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the action of searching out and publicizing scandalous information about famous people in an underhanded way.

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The Progressive Era was a period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States, from the 1890s to the 1920s. The main objectives of the Progressive movement were eliminating problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, immigration, and corruption in government.

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the theory that individuals, groups, and peoples are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. Now largely discredited, social Darwinism was advocated by Herbert Spencer and others in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and was used to justify political conservatism, imperialism, and racism and to discourage intervention and reform.

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the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.

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Signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on May 20, 1862, the Homestead Act encouraged Western migration by providing settlers 160 acres of public land. In exchange, homesteaders paid a small filing fee and were required to complete five years of continuous residence before receiving ownership of the land.

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a name given to African Americans who migrated from states along the Mississippi River to Kansas in the late nineteenth century, as part of the Exoduster Movement or Exodus of 1879. It was the first general migration of black people following the Civil War.

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an inorganic chemical and a salt-forming anion of phosphoric acid. In organic chemistry, a phosphate, or organophosphate, is an ester of phosphoric acid.

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Lint and dust from cotton mills lead to the nickname "lint head" Tessie Dyer remembers the dust and lint that surrounded mill workers and how she learned the meaning of the term "lint head."

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a manufacturing facility where textiles, or types of cloth, are produced or processed into finished products, such as clothing

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an American public, coeducational, land-grant and sea-grant research university in Clemson, South Carolina. Founded in 1889, Clemson is the second largest university in student population in South Carolina.

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a fraternal organization in the United States that encourages families to band together to promote the economic and political well-being of the community and agriculture.

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an organized agrarian economic movement among American farmers. The Northern or Northwestern Alliance sought to protect farmers from industrial monopolies and promote regulations on commerce and tax reform. Branches of the farmers' movement formed the Ocala Demands in 1890.

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a beetle which feeds on cotton buds and flowers. Thought to be native to Central Mexico, it migrated into the United States from Mexico in the late 19th century

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the amount of a commodity, product, or service available and the desire of buyers for it, considered as factors regulating its price.

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A third-party movement that sprang up in the 1890s and drew support especially from disgruntled farmers. The Populists were particularly known for advocating the unlimited coinage of silver.

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Unit XI: The Populist and Progressive Eras Vocabulary

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Unit XI: The Populist and Progressive Eras Vocabulary