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Trade was a big factor of population shifts. Merchants needed places to stop and sell their goods, so towns were made. These towns had new job opportunites, like innkeepers. Many serfs ran from their feudal state and went to these towns because of these opportunities. The manorial system was also impacted heavily. This new merchant class was previously not a part of the manorial system, causing a new social group and changing the manorial system from a closed to an open system.

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Conditions before the arrival of the Black Plague were bad in the towns. These towns didn't have a sewer system, so all their waste was dumped in the streets. Stray animals also roamed these streets. The streets were overcrowded and the houses were built poorly, nearly touching at the tops and built so close together that it was a fire hazard.

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What Specifically Caused the Black Death

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What Specifically Caused the Black Death

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The poor hygiene of the streets rseulted in rats in people's houses and on the streets. The rats carried fleas, and the fleas carried the Black Plague. The living conditions aided the Black Death's spread. The dirtyness of towns, the fact that the towns were overcrowded, and that the dead were handled poorly all contributed to the spread of the Black Plague.

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The symptoms of the Black Death were painful, black buboes or swelling near the armpits or groin. Sometimes the swelling could also be on the arms and legs.

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Doctors could not prevent or cure the plague, but they tried. They tried using cooked onions, ten-year-old treacle, crushed emeralds, sitting in a room between two huge fires, fumigating a house with herbs, sitting in the sewers, and even arsenic. Bloodletting and boil-lancing(both treatments being unsanitary and unsafe) were also common practices. People thought that the Great Death was caused by God punishing the human race for its sins, resulting in many people flogging themselves in the streets to show their dedication. People also believed that to win back God’s forgiveness, they must get rid of the the non-believers. This resulted in thousands of Jews being massacred.

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The treatments were not very effective whatsoever. Doctors did eventually realize that bursting the boils could help recovery.

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What Was the Outcome if You Got the Black Death

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What Was the Outcome if You Got the Black Death

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Different mortality rates were present depending on the variant of the plague. The bubonic plague had a 50% mortality rate, the pnuemonic plague 90%, and the septicaemic plague 100%

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It is estimated that twenty million people died as a result of the plague, around one-third of the population at the time.

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Living Standards for the Wealthy and Poor

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Living Standards for the Wealthy and Poor

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More schools were created and a greater focus were put onto clinical medicine. As a result of so many dead people, food was harder to get as the people that would farm were now dead. This made food inflate and made it difficult for the poor to get.

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Food was much harder to get. The people that were meant to farm the food had died from the Black Plague. There were no less people to farm the food, and less food because of this. The price of food skyrocketed, making it very difficult for the less wealthy to get.

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Wages, Conditions, and Rights for Workers

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Wages, Conditions, and Rights for Workers

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The wages of workers also skyrocketed. This was because of the shortage of workers, allowing them to charge more. The government stopped this by passing laws preventing this, angering the workers.

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The Black Plague significantly changed the Church. Many of the Church's workers died, but the Church grew richer because of bequests. The Church also began charging more for their services, making them even more wealthy. The less-educated priests were put in jobs where men with greater educations had previously been. The citizens soon became furious as a result of the Church not helping with the horrific tragedies with its obvious wealth. This along with the incompetent priests eventually lead to the Reformation.